Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most important symptoms caused by food additives are urticaria and angioedema, but rhinitis, asthma and gastrointestinal disturbances are also reported. Only seldom food additives have been shown to induce symptoms in other organs such central nervous system or joints and with a sparse objective evidence. In this study, we report two cases of unusual reactions to food additives (tartrazine and benzoates) involving mainly the central nervous system (headache, migraine, overactivity, concentration and learning difficulties, depression) and joints (arthralgias), confirmed with diet and double blind challenge. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms are also discussed.
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PMID:[Unusual reactions to food additives]. 157 15

The status of suppressor cells in patients with allergic rhinitis or asthma was studied. This latter group showed absent concanavalin A (ConA)-inducible suppressor cell function as measured by proliferative responses to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and decreased function as measured by responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or ConA. Patients with rhinitis showed values intermediate between normals and asthmatics. Similarly, preincubation in medium enhanced proliferative responses in normal and rhinitis patients but not in asthmatics, suggesting an absence of a short-lived suppressor cell population in the latter group. Suppressor cell function correlated negatively with log10 of serum IgE concentrations. Theophylline-sensitive suppressor cell numbers were slightly decreased in rhinitis patients and significantly so in asthmatics (p less than 0.01). In vitro preincubation of normal lymphocytes with aminophylline or isoproterenol (10 micrograms/ml) enhanced subsequent proliferative responses to PWM. Little enhancement was observed with cells from rhinitis patients, and actual depression was seen with cells from asthmatics, suggesting abnormal immunomodulatory effects of cyclic-AMP active drugs in this group of patients.
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PMID:Suppressor cell function in respiratory allergy. Modulation by aminophylline and isoproterenol. 645 83

Biological hypersensitivity is the fundamental feature of atopy, and patients suffering from this syndrome are characterized by their ability to produce high levels of IgE in response to low amounts of antigen. This hypersensitivity results in a range of acute and chronic diseases, such as asthma, rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and atopic dermatitis. In addition to their biological effects, these diseases may have psychological consequences in terms of stress, anxiety or depression. However, atopic patients, far from displaying a typical depressive psychological profile, are characterized by their increased emotional sensitivity. Atopic individuals alert us to the presence of allergens but perhaps they also indicate something about our way of life. Are the symptoms displayed by allergic patients, their wheezing, sneezing or itching skin, more than a simple biological response?
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PMID:Psychology of the allergic patient. 854 76

It is still debatable whether anxiety and depression in patients affected by rhinitis could play a role in the genesis of the disease, whether they are a consequence of the symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate anxiety levels in both state and trait forms, and depression, in patients affected by allergic (AR) and vasomotor rhinitis (VMR). A total of 45 women, 24 AR and 21 VMR were compared with 64 healthy nonallergic women matched for age and sociodemographic characteristics. All subjects were administered the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Zung self-rating depression scale. The percentage of subjects with high levels of state anxiety was significantly higher in AR (p<0.005) and VMR (p<0.01) with respect to controls. The percentage of subjects with high levels of trait anxiety was significantly higher in AR (p<0.001) and VMR (p<0.05) than controls. There was no significant difference in depression between AR and VMR and controls. No significant difference was found in state anxiety, trait anxiety, or depression between AR and VMR. In conclusion, anxiety in patients with rhinitis is present both as a state and as a trait, at least when measured with the STAI.
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PMID:State and trait anxiety in women affected by allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. 1019 19

Four outbreaks of hemorrhagic septicemia caused by Pasteurella multocida multocida occurred in a population of 1,800 fallow deer (Dama dama) during 1992-1996. A total of 340 fallow deer were submitted for postmortem examination. Pasteurellosis was diagnosed in 273 of 312 deer suspected of having septicemia. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from 257 animals, and the diagnosis was based on typical pathologic changes alone in the other 16 animals. Pasteurella multocida was isolated in pure culture from 219 of 248 samples of cerebrospinal fluid. Eighteen animals were observed moribund with severe depression, foamy nasal discharge, and respiratory distress, and 257 were found dead. Major clinical signs and pathologic changes included extensive swelling of the head and the neck and peracute or acute septic pneumonia, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages on serous membranes, and severely hemorrhagic adrenal glands and abomasum. Rhinitis and necrotic pharyngeal mucosae were common. Histologically, the most advanced lesions were in the nasal mucosa and pharynx. The swelling of the head and the neck arose from a diffuse cellulitis in the subcutaneous and intermuscular tissues. The earliest lesions in the lungs included large numbers of bacteria in the pulmonary capillaries, but various degrees of fibrinous exudation to the alveoli and infiltration with heterophils usually were observed.
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PMID:Hemorrhagic septicemia in fallow deer (Dama dama) caused by Pasteurella multocida multocida. 1048 48

Clinical studies have shown a relationship between allergic disorders and depression, panic disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and social anxiety for a significant subset of patients with these disorders. The nature of the relationship, whether due to shared environmental or biologic vulnerabilities or as a result of the stress of chronic illness, has been less clear. By examining the covariance of atopic disorders and depressive symptoms in a community sample of monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins, the contribution of genetic and/or shared environmental etiological factors can be established. A Finnish sample of 1337 MZ and 2506 DZ twin pairs, ages 33-60 years, was sent questionnaires inquiring about history of asthma, eczema, and atopic rhinitis, as well as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The nature of the covariation between twins of these symptoms was investigated by fitting competing genetic and environmental models. Within-person correlation between atopic symptoms and BDI was 0.103 (P < 0.001) for the total sample. Using the Mx statistical modeling program to fit the data to competing quantitative genetic models, the best fitting model estimated that 64% of the association between atopy and BDI was due to shared familial vulnerability, primarily additive genetic influences. Although the measures for allergic disorders and depression are crude, this study supports the hypothesis that there is a small shared genetic risk for atopic and depressive symptoms, and if replicated, may open research for common mechanisms between allergic and depressive disorders. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 96:146-153, 2000.
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PMID:Familial association between allergic disorders and depression in adult Finnish twins. 1089 86

There has been a tendency among some clinicians to underestimate the psychological problems of patients with rhinitis. This study assesses the psychological status of allergic rhinitis patients and the influence of type, duration, and severity of rhinitis on the psychiatric evaluation. Forty-one patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and 36 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. All patients and control subjects were studied through psychological interviews and several psychological tests such as Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Courtauld Emotional Control Scale, the McMaster Family Assessment Device, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Statistically significant differences between patients and controls were observed in all subscales of the SCL-90, particularly in somatization, depression, and general symptom index subscales. Differences between groups were not significant for the other psychological tests. Additionally, differences between seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis patients were not significant in all questionnaires. Total symptom scores of rhinitis were positively correlated with general symptom index, somatization, interpersonal relationship difficulties subgroups of the SCL-90, whereas negatively correlated with the scores of satisfaction with the life scale. Patients with allergic rhinitis--regardless of type of rhinitis--may develop a group of psychological complaints related to symptom severity. Since the recognition of specific psychiatric disorders can have therapeutic importance, further studies focusing on the associations of these disorders and allergic rhinitis should be conducted.
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PMID:Psychological status of patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. 1253 Jan 20

The pathogenicity for cats of EHV-9, a new neurotropic equine herpesvirus, was assessed by intranasal inoculation with 10(6) plaque-forming units. Four cats killed 4, 5, 6 or 10 days after inoculation showed neurological signs consisting of hyper-excitability and aggressiveness, followed by tremors, occasional convulsions, and depression. Histologically, the cats showed severe encephalitis characterized by neuronal degeneration and loss, intranuclear inclusions, perivascular cuffing and gliosis in the cerebrum. A positive immunohistochemical reaction for EHV-9 antigen was seen in degenerating neuronal cells. The lesions extended from the olfactory bulb to the rhinencephalon and hippocampus. All cats had rhinitis, with or without intranuclear inclusion bodies in the nasal mucosa, and interstitial pneumonia. These findings indicate that the cat, like certain other species such as the goat, is susceptible to experimental infection with EHV-9, and may be at risk from natural infection.
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PMID:Experimental infection with equine herpesvirus 9 (EHV-9) in cats. 1263 87

Swine respiratory diseases induce severe economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. Several methods have been developed and applied to control these diseases. However, there are still problems of disease control in the swine industry. Recently, egg yolk antibodies have been found to offer several advantages for disease control in animals and humans. In a previous study (24), antibodies to several causative pathogens of swine respiratory diseases were developed. However, several problems remained, especially in terms of reduced laying rates. Therefore, experimental vaccines were reformulated with various bacterial antigens of the swine respiratory diseases. After immunizing hens with the antigens, antibody profiles and other effects including laying rates were investigated and compared to those of the previous study. Profiles of antibody titers were very similar with those of the previous study. However, side effects, such as depression, weakness, reduction of laying rates and mortality, were dramatically lowered and laying rates were increased in hens injected with certain experimental vaccines. In particular, laying rates of hens injected with vaccines against atrophic rhinitis were increased up to 84% by injecting a vaccine composed of only the DNTs of B. bronchiseptica and P. multocida D:4. Efficacies of the vaccines against swine pneumonic pasteurellosis and pleuropneumonia were very similar with those of the previous study. These results suggest that new vaccines could be effective in the production of egg yolk antibodies against the causative agents of swine respiratory diseases.
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PMID:Effective methods for the production of immunoglobulin Y using immunogens of Bordetella bronchiseptica, Pasteurella multocida and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. 1461 72

The bird examined was a 10-week-old female Gouldian finch (Chloebia gouldiae) from an aviary that had housed about 100 Gouldian finches, which had nasal discharge, dyspnoea, anorexia, depression and a very high mortality (50%) in both adult and young birds. Gross and histopathology revealed moderate to severe lymphoid depletion in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus, and sinusitis/rhinitis, tracheitis, bronchopneumonia, myocarditis, nephritis and splenitis. Circovirus infection was diagnosed in the Gouldian finch based on finding characteristic globular intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies containing 15 to 18 nm virus particles in the mononuclear cells of the bursa of Fabricius by transmission electron microscopy and by demonstrating circovirus DNA in the cytoplasm of mononuclear cells of the bursa of Fabricius by in situ hybridization using a circovirus-specific DNA probe. The Gouldian finch was also affected by concurrent bacterial and adenovirus infections. This is the first report of circovirus infection in a Gouldian finch.
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PMID:Circovirus infection in a Gouldian finch (Chloebia gouldiae). 1554 33


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