Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The investigations of personality traits have been the issue of many studies on patients with headache. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most popular assessment instrument used in these studies. MMPI responses of 36 cases (14 male, 22 female) with tension headache and 44 cases (11 male, 33 female) with migraine headache had been compared with 36 nonheadache controls (12 male, 24 female). Because of the inadequate number of male subjects, the statistical analyses were made between female groups. The results obtained revealed that subjects in the tension-type headache group got significantly higher scores on neurotic subtests (hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria) than subjects in the control group. Likewise, migraine subjects got significantly higher scores on hysteria subtest than control subjects. No significant differences were noted between migraine and tension groups. However, none of the headache groups could be characterized by marked elevations on any of the validity and clinical scales. These results, support the finding that neurotic symptoms occur with a higher frequency in headache sufferers.
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PMID:MMPI profiles of Turkish headache sufferers. 820 Jul 89

Rheumatic patients very often suffer from chronic pain and impairment and show psychological reactions as a consequence of their physical condition. These reactions may vary from psychophysiological symptoms to anger, anxiety, or depression. We developed a cognitive-behavioral treatment programme in a group setting format with components of relaxation, cognitive restructuring, and the promotion of well-being. Subjects included in the study were given diagnoses of low back pain, tension headache, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Treatment effects in different diagnostic groups were compared to each other, supporting the assumption that pain reduction is greatest in low back pain and least in ankylosing spondylitis. Subjects with inflammatory rheumatic diseases showed some improvement in self-reported physical complaints and in their feelings of well-being.
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PMID:Group treatment for pain and discomfort. 833 93

This study was designed to investigate tyramine sulfate conjugation in patients with migraine or tension-type headache, as defined by the newly introduced International Headache Society (IHS) criteria and to examine whether this relationship is mediated by major depression. A total of 62 subjects completed the study: 38 with migraine (22 with aura and 16 without aura), 12 with tension-type headache, and 12 controls. Patients with migraine had significantly lower urinary tyramine sulfate excretion following oral tyramine challenge than normal control. Tension-type headache was also associated with low tyramine conjugation, but only when comorbid with depression. Although mean tyramine sulfate output was lower among subjects with major depression within each of the subtypes of headache, no significant main effect emerged for depression or major subtype thereof. The lower tyramine sulfate excretion values among patients with both migraine and depression compared to those of migraine alone or depression alone in our data and those of others suggests that comorbid migraine with depression may represent a more severe form of migraine than migraine alone. The findings underscore the importance of comorbidity in clinical and epidemiological studies of migraine.
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PMID:Tyramine conjugation deficit in migraine, tension-type headache, and depression. 858 Feb 25

Questions to be answered by this study were: (1) what is the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of migraine and tension headache patients who consult their general practitioner, and (2) what are the unique contributions of the perceptual and emotional components of headaches to the HRQL. The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) was used to measure the HRQL of patients with migraine (n = 27), tension headache (n = 25), both migraine and tension headache (n = 17), and two reference groups. Perceptual components of the pain (intensity, frequency, and duration) were measured with a headache diary, while emotional components were measured with five visual analogue scales (for tension, depression, frustration, anger and fear). The NHP dimensions of pain, sleep, energy, and social isolation revealed that each headache patient group had a lower HRQL than the healthy reference group. There were no differences in HRQL between the headache groups. Regarding the second question: it was found that the greater the patient's emotional pain, the more problems he or she had with physical mobility and social isolation. Neither the type of headache nor the headache index were related to the HRQL of the patient. We recommend to increase the research efforts concerning tension headache and to measure the emotional component of pain in clinical trials.
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PMID:Health-related quality of life of chronic headache patients is predicted by the emotional component of their pain. 891 64

We report here 7 patients with episodic cluster headache belonging to three families. During follow-up, we investigated the occurrence of migraine and other disorders in the patients and their relatives. In two of the three families we recorded the occurrence of migraine and in one of these the presence of chronic daily headache, tension headache, essential tremor and cyclic depression. In the third family we detected the occurrence of systemic arterial hypertension in the father and childhood hyperkinesia in the son. We discuss the possible relations between these diseases, especially between migraine and cluster headache, and suggest a better investigation of cluster headache co-morbidity since such a study may help to further understanding of the physiopathology of the disorder.
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PMID:Cluster headache: report of seven cases in three families. 943 45

Headache often compounds chronic neck pain following whiplash injury. To better understand post-traumatic headache, the SCL-90-R symptom checklist was used to determine the psychological profiles of patients with whiplash-associated headache and of patients with whiplash-associated neck pain without headache. The psychological profiles of these patients were compared with previously published SCL-90-R profiles of patients with post-traumatic and nontraumatic headache, and of the normal population. Patients with whiplash-associated headache were not significantly different from those with other forms of post-traumatic headache or with whiplash-associated neck pain without headache. However, when patients with whiplash-associated headache and patients with nontraumatic headache were compared to normal data, significant differences emerged. Patients with nontraumatic headache exhibited higher scores on all subscales, whereas patients with whiplash-associated headache differed from the normal sample only on somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression and hostility subscales, and the global severity index. These differences imply that patients with whiplash-associated headache suffer psychological distress secondary to chronic pain and not from tension headache and generalized psychological distress.
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PMID:The psychological profiles of patients with whiplash-associated headache. 982 54

Intractable headaches, the so-called 'lupus headaches', have been long thought of as a common and characteristic manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Seventy-eight patients with SLE, including 10 patients with definite central nervous system (CNS) involvement, and 89 healthy individuals matched for age, sex and socioeconomic status, were studied by a specific questionnaire addressing the characteristics and type of headache. Clinical features of SLE, neurological manifestations and treatment, disease severity and autoantibody profiles were correlated to the presence of headache. One year prevalence of headache was similar between patients (32%) and otherwise healthy individuals (30%). No significant differences regarding frequency, family history of headache and need for analgesic medication were observed. Headache refractory to analgesic treatment, but responsive to corticosteroid regimen, was recorded in only one patient. Clinical and serological features of SLE, including Raynaud's phenomenon and the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies, were not significantly different between headache sufferers and non-sufferers. In the majority of patients reporting headache, anxiety and/or depression co-existed. Episodic tension headache was the most frequent type, while migraine was traced in a quarter of headache sufferers. Neither the presence nor the clinical type of headache was related to, or predictive of, the development of seizures or psychosis. These results indicate that headache is not specifically related to SLE expression or severity, and suggest that accepting the presence even of a severe headache as a neurological manifestation of SLE in the absence of seizures or overt psychosis may result in overestimation of the disease status.
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PMID:Headache in systemic lupus erythematosus: a controlled study. 956 71

The purpose of this study was (i) to compare a range of stress-related personality traits, including defense and coping mechanisms, of migraine patients (n = 23) with those of tension headache patients (n = 18) and dermatologically afflicted, but otherwise healthy, controls (n = 22), and (ii) to compare their state anxiety and other moods before, during, and after the presentation of a psychological stressor (mental arithmetic). For all three groups, mental arithmetic induced a significant increase in state anxiety and mood disturbance, followed by a subsequent decrease during recovery. Migraine patients were not found to have a higher disposition for anxiety, depression, or rigidity than tension headache patients or controls. Between the headache groups no differences in the use of defense and coping mechanisms were found. Compared to the control group, however, both migraine patients and tension headache patients were more inclined to use internally focused defense mechanisms and less inclined to seek social support when confronted with a problem. The psychological reaction of migraine patients to mental stress hardly differed from tension headache and control subjects. Compared to the control subjects, however, both groups of headache patients exhibited a diminished recovery from feelings of vigour, depression, and fatigue due to the stress induced. It is suggested that this distinct psychological reaction to stress of headache patients versus healthy control subjects is related to the more internally focused defense style of the headache sufferers. Thus, in contrast to previous results, this study does not present evidence of a migraine personality. It suggests the development of specific personality characteristics as a consequence of suffering from episodic headache.
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PMID:Personality traits and psychological reactions to mental stress of female migraine patients. 1057 Jul 21

Headache is an extremely common symptom in primary care practice. Despite the ubiquity of the pain, differential diagnosis of headache is not difficult, provided the clinician obtains a comprehensive history. A complete physical examination and specific testing may be required to rule out other underlying causes, but headache itself falls into 3 main classes that are readily identified. Migraine headache occurs most commonly in women, is of moderate to severe intensity, and is often accompanied by nausea and increased sensitivity to light and sound. Cluster headache describes multiple recurrent attacks of severe unilateral pain and occurs most frequently in men. Tension-type headache is the most common form, characterized by mild to moderate dull pain that is often brought on by stress and/or depression. Understanding the triggers and manifestations of these headache types is essential for effective management.
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PMID:Headache diagnosis. 1068 84

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and assess psycho-social distress in adult subjects with repaired complete cleft lip and palate (CLP). Sixty-three adults (42 males and 21 females, mean age 24.2 years, range 19.5-29.2) with repaired CLP (CLP group) were compared with a group of 66 adults without cleft (non-cleft group, 49 males and 17 females, mean age 25.5 years, range 20.2-29.9). All subjects underwent a clinical TMD examination, which followed the guidelines in the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). Jaw function was assessed by evaluating answers to the mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ). Tension-type headache was diagnosed according to the International Headache Society (IHS) classification. Psychological status was assessed using the depression score and the non-specific physical symptom score with subscales of the Revised Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90-R). The prevalence of reported pain in the face, jaws and/or TMJs was 14 and 9 per cent for the CLP and non-cleft group, respectively, and did not differ significantly between the groups. The CLP group exhibited a significantly reduced jaw-opening pattern (P < 0.001) and a higher frequency of crossbites (P < 0.05) compared with the non-cleft group. Whilst jaw function was similar in both groups, a few items, e.g. speech and drinking, were significantly more impaired (P < 0.01) in the CLP group than in the non-cleft group. There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning tension-type headache or psycho-social distress. The study found that overall TMD pain or psycho-social distress was not more common in this CLP group than in a non-cleft group.
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PMID:Temporomandibular disorders in adults with repaired cleft lip and palate: a comparison with controls. 1139 56


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