Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To the best of our knowledge, isolated bilateral oculomotor nuclear palsy has not yet been reported in the literature, while bilateral oculomotor nuclear palsy with more widespread rostral brainstem infarction has often been reported. We present a patient having 'top of the basilar syndrome' with midbrain infarction selectively involving the bilateral oculomotor nucleus. A 61-year-old woman with two episodes of vertebrobasilar infarction presented with sudden onset of bilateral ptosis. Examination revealed pronounced bilateral ptosis. In the primary position, fixation of either eye produced an approximately 50 prism diopter exotropia. Adduction of the right eye was restricted to the midline. There was moderately decreased adduction of the left eye, severe limitation of depression, and moderately decreased elevation of both eyes. Abduction of both eyes was normal. The pupils were equal, round, and reactive to light. Bilateral ptosis is suggestive of oculomotor nuclear palsy. On the basis of clinical findings alone, we could not establish whether the precise location of the lesion was all the subdivisions of the oculomotor nucleus except the Edinger-Westphal nucleus or the central caudal nucleus and bilateral fascicles. However, because axial MRI showed a small midbrain infarct in the oculomotor nucleus region, we concluded that she had an isolated, pupil-sparing, bilateral oculomotor nuclear palsy caused by midbrain infarct.
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PMID:A case of bilateral oculomotor nuclear palsy. 1288 11

The aim of this study was to develop the short form of a condition-specific, reliable, validated and self-administered instrument to evaluate sexual function in women with pelvic organ prolapse and/or urinary incontinence. The Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire -12 (PISQ-12) was developed from the data of 99 of 182 women surveyed to create the long form (PISQ-31). An additional 46 patients were recruited for further validation. All subsets regression analysis identified 12 items likely to predict PISQ-31 scores. Short form scores underwent correlation analysis with long form, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire - 7 (IIQ-7), Sexual History Form -12 (SHF-12) and Symptom Questionnaire (SQ) scores. Test-retest reliability was checked with a subset of 20 patients. All subsets regression analysis with R>0.92 identified 12 items that predicted PISQ-31 scores. Short form scores were highly correlated with long form scores ( R=0.75-0.95). Correlations of the PISQ-12 with SHF-12 ( R=-0.66 and -0.68) and IIQ-7 ( R=-0.38 and -0.54) scores were similar to correlation of the PISQ-31 with these other measures. Reliability was moderate to high, with weighted kappa values from 0.56 to 0.93. PISQ-12 scores were lower in patients with low sexual function as measured on the SHF-12 ( P <0.001), and lower in women with depression as measured on the SQ ( P <0.001). The PISQ-12 is a validated and reliable short form that evaluates sexual function in women with urinary incontinence and/or pelvic organ prolapse and predicts PISQ-31 scores. It is able to distinguish women with poor sexual function as measured on the SHF-12.
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PMID:A short form of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12). 1295 37

It has been shown in a previous work that the methanol extract obtained from the aerial part in blossom of Hypericum canariense L. and Hypericum glandulosum Ait. was active in the tetrabenazine and forced swimming test. In the present study, the central nervous effect of the aqueous, butanol and chloroform fractions obtained from the methanol extracts of these Hypericum species was investigated in mice, particularly in animal models of depression. It was found that the immobility time in the forced swimming test was significantly reduced by the butanol and chloroform fraction of both species assayed, producing no effects or only a slight depression on spontaneous motor activity when assessed in a photocell activity meter. In this regard, the efficacy of the chloroform extract from Hypericum glandulosum Ait. (500 mg/kg p.o.) in the forced swimming test was comparable to that of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (50 mg/kg p.o.). In addition, the Hypericum glandulosum chloroform fraction was also effective in antagonizing the ptosis induced by tetrabenazine. Moreover, Hypericum canariense butanol fraction and Hypericum glandulosum chloroform fraction produced a slight but significant hypothermia. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the butanol and chloroform fractions from Hypericum canariense and Hypericum glandulosum possess antidepressant-like effects in mice, providing further support for the traditional use of these plants in the Canary Islands folk medicine against central nervous disorders.
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PMID:Antidepressant properties of some Hypericum canariense L. and Hypericum glandulosum Ait. extracts in the forced swimming test in mice. 1574 Aug 93

Every year, many women all over the world will undergo a hysterectomy, the removal of their uterus. The majority of hysterectomies are performed to treat conditions such as fibroids, heavy bleeding, endometriosis, adenomyosis and prolapse. A hysterectomy is not often a procedure that needs to be performed urgently, except in the case of cancer. Therefore, a woman considering the procedure should take time to investigate all her options, including other possible treatments. Deciding whether to have a hysterectomy can be a difficult and emotional process. Signs of depression may include severe and prolonged feelings of sadness and hopelessness; diminished interest in activities; significant weight loss or gain; insomnia; fatigue; and thoughts of death or suicide. Every person reacts differently, and reactions are a combination of emotional and physical responses. We still have much to learn about the effects of hysterectomy on sexual function. We investigated many studies published in different journals relative to this subject and we compare their results. Women are more likely to report improved sexual functioning after the surgery when their symptoms have been alleviated. A new hysterectomy procedure that 'spares' abdominal ligaments and nerves is quicker and results in less blood loss and shorter hospital stays and seems to respect the tissues more, without affecting the sexuality of the women.
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PMID:The effect of hysterectomy on sexuality and psychological changes. 1654 13

Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 2 (CFEOM2) is a complex strabismus syndrome that results from mutations in the homeodomain transcription factor PHOX2A. To define the clinical and neuroimaging features of patients with this autosomal recessive syndrome, we studied 15 patients with genetically defined CFEOM2. All patients underwent full neurological, neuro-ophthalmological and orthoptic assessments. Twelve patients had pupillary pharmacological testing and nine had 3.0 tesla MRI of the brain, brainstem and orbits. Patients were born with severe bilateral ptosis and exotropia with almost complete bilateral absence of adduction, elevation, depression and intorsion. Variable abduction was present prior to strabismus surgery in 14 patients, and central ocular motility reflexes (smooth pursuit, saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic reflex) were intact except for convergence. Pupillary light and near reflexes were not present, but irises were anatomically normal and responded to pupillary pharmacology. Neuroimaging of brain and brainstem was remarkable for the anatomical absence of cranial nerve (CN) 3 and probably CN 4 bilaterally. Therefore, the CFEOM2 phenotype and neuroimaging are both consistent with the congenital absence of CNs 3 and 4. Additional features included presence of most central ocular motility reflexes, a central lack of pupillary responsiveness of uncertain aetiology and modest phenotypic variability that does not correlate with specific PHOX2A mutations. Clinical presentation, neuroimaging and Phox2a-/- animal models all support the concept that CFEOM2 is a primary neurogenic abnormality with secondary myopathic changes.
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PMID:Neurological features of congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 2 with mutations in PHOX2A. 1681 72

Age-related changes to the upper third of the face manifest, typically, as brow ptosis and the development of deep skin furrows. Depression of the brow evolves as gravity and the action of the corrugator supercilli, procerus, and orbicularis draw on the progressively inelastic forehead skin. Facial mimetic muscle action reveals itself over time via the development of deep forehead rhytids. Facial plastic surgeons have at their disposal several effective surgical, and recently, medical interventions to address these changes. Each technique has merits and suitable applications. This review examines the history of rejuvenation of the upper face, details the pertinent treatment modalities, and evaluates the context in which each is applicable.
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PMID:Rejuvenation of the aging upper third of the face. 1684 99

DOV 216,303 [(+/-)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo-[3.1.0]hexane hydrochloride] is the prototype of a class of compounds referred to as "triple" reuptake inhibitors. Such compounds inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), and dopamine (DA), the three neurotransmitters most closely linked to major depressive disorder. DOV 216,303 inhibits [(3)H]NE, [(3)H]5-HT, and [(3)H]DA uptake to the corresponding human recombinant transporters (expressed in HEK 293 cells) with IC(50) values of approximately 20, 14, and 78 nM, respectively. DOV 216,303 is active in tests predictive of antidepressant activity including the mouse forced swim test and reversal of tetrabenazine-induced ptosis and locomotor depression. The pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological profile of DOV 216,303 in animals prompted us to initiate clinical studies. In both single and multiple dose studies using normal volunteers, DOV 216,303 was safe and well-tolerated. Furthermore, both C(max) and AUC values were dose-proportional between 5-150 mg. The plasma concentrations of DOV 216,303 at doses >10 mg were in excess of the IC(50) values for inhibition of biogenic amine reuptake. In a Phase II study designed to explore the safety and tolerability of DOV 216,303 in depressed individuals, patients received either 100 mg DOV 216,303 (50 mg b.i.d.) or 40 mg citalopram (20 mg, b.i.d.) for two weeks. A placebo arm was not employed in this study because several institutional review boards required administration of an active control to severely depressed individuals. Time dependent reductions in HAM-D scores (the primary outcome measure) were observed in both the DOV 216,303 and citalopram groups compared to baseline scores (p < 0.0001). The side effect profile was not remarkably different between treatment arms. These findings provide preliminary evidence of a clinically meaningful antidepressant action with a molecule capable of inhibiting the three transmitters most closely linked to major depressive disorder.
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PMID:Preclinical and clinical pharmacology of DOV 216,303, a "triple" reuptake inhibitor. 1695 86

A 46-year-old man with a history of right orbital fractures and blindness underwent simultaneous fracture repair and enucleation with orbital implantation. During surgery, an orbital catheter was placed for administering local anesthesia to control postoperative pain. After administration of local anesthesia through the catheter on postoperative day 1, the patient had development of a complete ptosis, total ophthalmoplegia, mydriasis, vision loss from 20/20 to NLP, and hypesthesia of the V1 and V2 trigeminal nerve distribution. Intraocular pressures and dilated funduscopic examination were normal. There was no evidence of central nervous system effects or respiratory depression. After 4 hours of observation, the vision, sensation, motility, ptosis, and pupil response all returned to normal. Although rare, contralateral cavernous sinus/orbital apex syndrome may occur with indwelling orbital catheter administration of local anesthetic in an orbit with fractures.
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PMID:Cavernous sinus/orbital apex syndrome associated with indwelling orbital catheter use. 1698 27

The objective of this study was to determine if obliterative and reconstructive vaginal surgery for advanced pelvic organ prolapse improve quality of life in elderly women. Women age 65 years or older with stage 3 or 4 pelvic organ prolapse who desired surgical correction were prospectively enrolled. The subjects underwent either obliterative or reconstructive vaginal surgery based on their personal preference and sexual expectations. The subjects received a pelvic organ prolapse quantitation examination and completed the pelvic floor distress inventory (PFDI), the pelvic floor impact questionnaire (PFIQ), the SF-36, and the Beck depression inventory preoperatively, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Seventy-nine subjects were enrolled, 70 of whom completed follow-up: 30 in the obliterative group and 40 in the reconstructive group. Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in the pelvic organ prolapse, urinary, and colorectal scales of the PFDI and PFIQ 6 and 12 months after surgery with no differences between the two treatment groups. In addition, there were significant and clinically important improvements noted in the bodily pain, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health summary scales of the SF-36 in both groups after surgery, with no significant difference between groups. In appropriately selected elderly women, both obliterative and reconstructive vaginal surgery for advanced pelvic organ prolapse significantly improved health-related quality of life.
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PMID:Quality of life after surgery for genital prolapse in elderly women: obliterative and reconstructive surgery. 1711 Dec 76

We previously reported that oral administration of the methanol extract obtained from the aerial part in blossom of Hypericum reflexum L. fil. was active in the tetrabenazine and forced swimming test. In the present study, the effect of the aqueous, butanol and chloroform fractions obtained from the methanol extract of this species on the central nervous system was investigated in mice, particularly in animal models of depression. Antidepressant activity was detected in the butanol and chloroform fractions of this species using the forced swimming test since both fractions induced a significant reduction of the immobility time, producing no effects or only a slight depression on spontaneous motor activity when assessed in a photocell activity meter. Moreover, these fractions did not alter significantly the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. On the other hand, the chloroform fraction produced a slight but significant hypothermia and was also effective in antagonizing the ptosis induced by tetrabenazine. Furthermore, the butanol fraction produced a slight potentiation of the head twitches and syndrome induced by 5-HTP. Taken together, these data indicate that the butanol and chloroform fractions from Hypericum reflexum possess antidepressant-like effects in mice, providing further support for the traditional use of these plants in the Canary Islands folk medicine against central nervous disorders.
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PMID:Antidepressant activity of some Hypericum reflexum L. fil. extracts in the forced swimming test in mice. 1738 28


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