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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the study was to assess the diagnoses and pharmacological treatment in 80 patients with symptoms of depression in reference to the psychiatric examination due to disability pension proceedings. Diagnoses were often not in accordance with the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). Twenty two per cent of outpatients were treated using benzodiazepines only. In the group of antidepressants, mianserin, fluoxetine and doxepine were used most often (in 12%, 12% and 11% of outpatients respectively). Inpatients were usually treated with doxepine (24%) and mianserin (18%). As many as 15% of patients received benzodiazapines as the only drug during the hospitalisation. In contrast to the newer generation of drugs (moclobemide, fluoxetine), tricyclic antidepressants were usually used in low, not therapeutic doses. Further studies on the quality of treatment of depression in Poland, based on the more representative groups are necessary.
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PMID:[The analysis of diagnoses and pharmacological treatment of patients on disability pension due to depression]. 1105 56

In recent years in Poland, the interest has increased in studies about tick borne diseases, mainly Lyme borreliosis. Immune response and genotype of pathogen play an important role in the course of this disease. Phagocytic cells, especially PMN are dominant in defence mechanisms against bacterial infections. The main feature of PMN is their ability to destroy pathogenic microorganisms by phagocytosis. The aim of this study was to estimate the phagocytic activity of PMN connected with intracellular respiratory burst in patients with Lyme borreliosis. The PMN activity tests completed were: phagocytosis, spontaneous and reduced of nitrotetralizate blue test (NBT). Decreased phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of PMN from patients with borreliosis in comparison with values of controls were found. Normalization of these parameters after treatment was observed. Changed phagocytic activity connected with intracellular oxygen metabolism during the course of therapy was the main observation. Depression of phagocytic activity of PMN connected with oxygen metabolism can influence defence reactions in patients with Lyme borreliosis. It is suggested that changes observed are acquired and associated with Borrelia burgdorferi presence.
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PMID:[Bactericidal properties of neutrophils from peripheral blood (PMN)of patients with Lyme borreliosis]. 1110 90

The paper presents the research results of those who had PTSD and were examined. The group was of 90 persons, who were former political prisoners in Poland. The State and Trait of Anxiety Inventory and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were applied in order to measure the intensity of anxiety and depressive symptoms. 76% of those examined had nightmares. This group is also significant for its' high level momentary anxiety, anxiety as a persistent personality trait as well as uncommon (20%) incidence of depression. The group of those that do not remember nightmares (24% of all those examined) is characterised by a lower level of anxiety reaction and common incidence of depression (84.2%). The article is ended with a discussion on the meaning of the results for the diagnosis and treatment of post-traumatic disorders.
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PMID:[Anxiety and depression in post-traumatic disorders]. 1130 88

Depending on the accepted definition of the nature of psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures various values of their prevalence are reported in the literature from 5% to over 33% of cases referred to epilepsy treatment centres. According to our knowledge, in Poland these seizures occur in several thousand young individuals (mean age 25 years). The psychological determinants of these psychogenic seizures remain not clear. The purpose of the reported study was a psychological analysis of personality profiles of patients with psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures and epileptic seizures using the results of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory test for the assessment of conversion as a possible mechanism of the occurrence of psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures. Using long-term video-EEG monitoring the studied subjects were divided into two groups: group I of 30 subjects (25 women and 5 men) with exclusively psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures, and group II of 27 subjects (23 women and 4 men) with exclusively epileptic seizures. Both groups were subjected to MMPI test. The averaged profiles of these groups differed in the level of hypochondria (Hs--p < or = 0.001) and hysteria (Hy--p < or = 0.005) statistically significantly, and were much higher in patients with psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures than the depression parameter (D) statistically significantly (p < or = 0.001). Patients with epilepsy had the highest values of depression parameter (D), while Hs and Hy were statistically significantly lower (p 0.01). The analysis in subscales additionally confirmed the role of conversion in pseudoepileptic seizures.
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PMID:[Psychological profile of patients with psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures]. 1131 92

Life expectancy and other indices of health have deteriorated markedly in the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe over recent decades. The possible roles of lifestyles, knowledge about health and behaviour, emotional wellbeing and perceptions of control were assessed in a cross-sectional survey of young adults of similar educational status in Eastern and Western Europe. As part of the European Health and Behaviour Survey, data were collected in 1989-1991 from 4170 university students aged 18-30 years from Austria, Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland, and from 2293 students from the German Democratic Republic, Hungary and Poland. Measures were obtained of health behaviours, awareness of the role of lifestyle factors in health, depression, social support, health locus of control, and the value placed on health. After adjustment for age and sex, East European students had less healthy lifestyles than Western Europeans according to a composite index of 11 health behaviours, with significant differences for seven activities: regular exercise, drinking alcohol, avoiding dietary fat, eating fibre, adding salt to food, wearing a seat-belt, and using sunscreen protection. East European students were less likely to be aware of the relationship between lifestyle factors (smoking, exercise, fat and salt consumption) and cardiovascular disease risk. In addition, they were more depressed (adjusted odds of elevated scores on the Beck Depression Inventory of 2.46, 95% C.I. 1.95-3.09), reported lower social support, and had higher beliefs in the "chance" and "powerful others" locus of control. Internal locus of control levels did not differ across regions, and Eastern Europeans placed a higher valuation on their health. Unhealthy lifestyles associated with lack of information about health and behaviour, greater beliefs in uncontrollable influences, and diminished emotional well-being, may contribute to poor health status in Eastern Europe.
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PMID:Health behaviour, risk awareness and emotional well-being in students from Eastern Europe and Western Europe. 1176 88

From the early 90-ties there is a growing number of patients suffering from Lyme Disease all over the world, including Poland. Lyme Disease is the disorder connecting physicians of various specialties. The authors reviewed literature on mental disorders in Lyme Disease during different stages and in different types of illness. Mental disorders are part of clinical picture of the acute stage of Lyme Disease, and could also be its sequel. The most commonly found mental disorders are: encephalopathy, other cognitive disorders, mood disorders (depression), anxiety disorders and less often: psychotic disorders and eating disorders (anorexia nervosa).
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PMID:[Mental disorders in Lyme disease]. 1185 24

The paper presents the results of research of 100 persons persecuted for political reasons in Poland in the years 1944-56. The research aims to study the relations between the level of Sense of Coherence and delayed effects of post-traumatic stress disorder in personal functioning (which is manifested by anxiety, depression, lack of meaning of life, and low well-being), and in interpersonal functioning. Introduction of this article presents the problems connected with delayed effects of post-traumatic stress disorder, and the general principle of Antonovsky's salutogenic concept also characterizes the sense of coherence category (SOC). SOC is a generalized, long-lasting feeling of confidence that the world is comprehensible (internal and external environments are structured, predictable, and explicable). People with a high level of SOC see their life as having some purpose and that their life is worthy of personal investments, and see themselves as having the personal resources to cope with the difficulties. The data was collected with using: The Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, PTSD-Interview, Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Purpose in Life Test, The Psychological General Well-Being (PGWB) Index, and The Scale of Interpersonal Relationships. The results indicate that the strength of the sense of coherence is negatively correlated with level of anxiety, depression, enmity syndrome, and positive with meaning of life, psychological well-being, and pro-social relationships. The research confirmed the important role of a sense of coherence (SOC) in modifying experience of delayed consequences of post-traumatic stress in victims of political persecution.
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PMID:[A feeling of coherence and delayed sequelae of post-traumatic stress in persons persecuted for political reasons in Poland in the years 1944-56]. 1187 87

The renewal of interest in the neurosurgical treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) also in Poland results from of our improved understanding of functional anatomy of basal ganglia, developments in neurophysiological and neuroimaging techniques, as well as from advances in stereotactic surgery techniques. In view of the growing number of PD patients referred to surgical treatment and the wide variety of interventions offered, the development of clear of PD patient's selection to surgery seems necessary. Various surgical options and possible targets provide different functional benefits, but the almost 10 year's experience makes us aware also of the limitations and possible complications involved. Algorithms worked out by researchers from the most experienced centers include the following selection criteria as a minimal standard of the PD patient's evaluation before surgery: a reliable diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, at least 5 years of PD duration since the onset of symptoms, good responsiveness to L-dopa or apomorphine, exclusion of severe depression and dementia, neuroimaging (MRI) performed before the surgery, and optimal (but ineffective) attempts at available pharmacological therapy prior to the surgery.
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PMID:[Stereotactic surgery in Parkinson disease: patient selection criteria in the light of existing research]. 1291 Aug 42

In the article are two frequently misused notions are defined: climiacterium and menopause. Menopause-related disorders can appear 2 to 6 years before and continue for 2 to 6 years after menopause, with their duration up to 20 years. An attempt of qualitative approach to menopausal ailments is the point scale by Kupperman. The diversity of the symptoms encountered in women in perimenopausal period is the reason to seek medical advice from experts in various disciplines: internal medicine, cardiology, gynaecology, neurology, rheumatology, and least frequently psychiatry, as it is fairly common for women to perceive life problems or mental stress as somatic disorder. In Poland, middle-aged women constitute 30% of all women. Medical approach to their health problems is focused on somatic diseases like myocardial infarction, cerebral stroke, and cancer, which are likely to contribute to shortening of life expectancy. Growing awareness of the problem of depression among doctors non-psychiatrists may contribute to desirable change in doctors' and patients' attitude to this disease. The average prevalence of depression is estimated to be about 17% of the total population. Depression is thrice more frequent among women than among men. The peak of incidence is seen among middle-aged patients. In this article clinical forms of affective disorders are discussed according to the current DSM IV classification, main symptoms suggesting depression are given, and masked depression, the most common and most difficult to detect form of the disease is discussed. Risk factors for depression are presented, and attention is paid to the dramatic fact that depression may not only decrease the quality of life, but may also stand behind the patient's loss of full functional capacity or even death. Suicidal thoughts are experienced by 60% of depressive patients, while as many as 15% of them do actually commit suicide. Collective analysis of the depression risk factors and concomitant somatic disorders in a given patient will surely increase the likelihood of correct diagnosis.
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PMID:[Depression in perimenopausal period]. 1291 10

The aims of the Polish survey were to assess efficacy of screening for depression in gynecological practice and to estimate prevalence of depressive disorders in midlife women visiting gynecologists. The study included 2262 female outpatients aged 45-55, who were screened by 120 gynecologists throughout Poland. Patients completed the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) and were assessed by gynecologists to verify the presence of symptoms of a current Depressive Episode according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. Patients who obtained a score of 12 points or more on the BDI were referred for psychiatric evaluation, including the modified version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The study showed that gynecologists in Poland are able to perform screenings for depression effectively in outpatient settings. Results also suggested that about 19% of women aged 45 to 55 years visiting gynecologists may suffer from depressive disorders.
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PMID:Assessment and prevalence of depression in women 45-55 years of age visiting gynecological clinics in Poland: screening for depression among midlife gynecologic patients. 1292 Jun 17


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