Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Their frequency is estimated with difficulty, although on autopsy pulmonary edema is found almost routinely. It is a major complication of overdoses (48 p. 100 of severe intoxications). Their formation can be suspected, when after the first phase of respiratory depressions, with coma, myosis, and a variable latent period, a second attack of respiratory insufficiency occurs with tachypnea, and cyanosis. The chest X-ray shows diffuse alveolar infiltration, sparing the apices. The heart being generally of normal size. Rapid disappearance of this infiltrate (24 to 48 hours) enables the elimination of two diagnoses: pneumonia due to inhalation of gastric fluid, an infectious pneumonia. Their pathogenesis remains very debatable: - in the majority of cases abrupt L.V.F. can be eliminated: -on the other hand it could be an allergic accident of the anaphylactic type, or local liberation of histamine, or a local toxic action on the pulmonary capillaries; - hypoxia, secondary to respiratory depression, could lead to pulmonary edema, by the same mechanism as at altitude; - finally, owing to the central neurological disorders a neurogenic theory can be put forward. Their treatment is essentially a combination of Nalorphine with oxygen therapy (by mask, or if necessary by assisted, controlled ventilation) with prevention of inhalation of gastric fluid (gastric emptying) or curative treatment of possible aspiration by antibiotics, and cortico-steroids. Diuretics can be useful, as well as cardiotonics.
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PMID:[Pulmonary edemas due to acute heroin poisoning]. 0 75

Levels of complement proteins and functional activity of the alternate complement pathway were assessed in 39 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. Mean levels of C3 and properdin and the functional activity of the alternate pathway in acute sera were significantly (P less than 0.05) below normal, whereas levels of components of the early classical pathway were normal. Although levels of factor B were in the normal range, they correlated significantly with C3 levels; there was no significant relation between C3 levels and C4 or C1q levels. The 19 patients iwth pneumococcal pneumonia and bacteremia had significantly lower mean values of properdin and factor B than the 20 patients without bacteremia, suggesting a more severe depression of the alternate complement pathway with bacteremia. During convalescence, complement levels were normal or elevated in most of the patients, but mean levels of properdin remained significantly below normal in bacteremic patients. Functional activity of the alternate pathway also remained below normal. These results indicate that there is a selective depression of the alternate pathway in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, and they are consistent with the concept that the alternate pathway has an important role in host defenses in pneumococcal infection.
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PMID:Complement levels in pneumococcal pneumonia. 2 Apr 5

Toxicosis was induced in pregnant Holstein-Friesian heifers by giving polybrominated biphenyls a in gelatin capsules at the rate of 25 g/day. Initially, this dosage was approximately 67 mg/kg of body weight. Clinical signs were anorexia, excessive lacrimation and salivation, diarrhea, emaciation, dehydration, depression, and abortion. Fever was not evident during the experiment. Values for serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, and bilirubin were increased. Changes in packed cell volume, hemoglobin content, total erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, and differential leukocyte counts were minimal and reflected dehydration and secondary infection. The principal urine changes were decreased specific gravity and moderate proteinuria. Gross necropsy findings included dehydration; subcutaneous emphysema and hemorrhage; atrophy of the thymus; fetal death with concomitant necrosis of cotyledons; kidneys that were enlarged, pale tan to gray; thickened wall of the gallbladder; inspissated bile; edema of abomasal folds; mucoid enteritis; linear hemorrhage and edema of the rectal mucosa; and secondary pneumonia. Microscopic changes were most marked in the kidneys, gallbladder, and eyelid. In the kidney, the principal changes were extreme dilatation of collecting ducts and convoluted tubules, with epithelial degenerative changes of cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration, and separation from the basement membrane. Common changes in the gallbladder were moderate to marked hyperplasia and cystic dilatation of the mucous glands in the lamina propria. The changes in the eyelids were characterized by hyperkeratosis, with accumulations of keratin in hair follicles of the epidermis and squamous metaplasia with keratin cysts in the tarsal glands. Clinical signs and lesions of toxicosis did not develop in heifers given the polybrominated biphenyls at the rate of 0.25 mg and 250 mg/day for 60 days. Initially these rates were approximately 0.00065 mg/kg and 0.65 mg/kg of body weight, respectively.
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PMID:Pathology of experimentally induced polybrominated biphenyl toxicosis in pregnant heifers. 18 92

An attenuated respiratory disease vaccine against feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR) and feline calicivirus (FCV) disease was evaluated for safety and efficacy in specific-pathogen-free cats. Twenty cats were vaccinated twice intramuscularly, with 28 days between vaccinations. Ten unvaccinated cats were used as contact controls. Adverse effects were not noticed after vaccination, and the vaccinal virus did not spread to contact controls. Arithmetical mean serum-neutralizing titers against vaccinal FCV strain F9 and challenge FCV strain 255 were 1:13 and 1:15 at 28 days after the 1st inoculation. These titers increased to 1:45 and 1:196 after the 2nd inoculation. After challenge exposure of vaccinated cats to virulent FCV 255 virus, mean titers increased to 1:129 and 1:865, respectively for F9 and 255 viruses. The F9 postchallenge mean titer for vaccinated cats was 21.5 times higher than that for the 8 contact controls that survived challenge exposure. The arithmetical mean serum neutralizing titer for FVR was low (1:2) after the 1st vaccination, but increased to 1:35 after the 2nd vaccination. Challenge exposure to virulent FVR virus resulted in a marked anamnestic immune response (mean titer of 1:207, compared with 1:12 for contact controls). In general, vaccinated cats remained alert and healthy after challenge exposure with FCV-255, whereas unvaccinated contact control cats developed definite signs of FCV disease, including central nervous system (CNS) depression (6 of 10) and dyspnea indicative of pneumonia (5 of 10). Two controls died of severe pneumonia. A mild fibrile response was detected in 28% of vaccinated cats, compared with a more severe febrile response in 78% of control cats. Some vaccinated cats developed minute lingual ulcers that did not appear to be detrimental to the health of the cat. After FVR challenge exposure, vaccinated cats were free of serious clinical signs. Five of 18 vaccinated cats had mild signs of FVR, including an occasional sneeze, low temperature, and mild serous lacrimation for 1 or 2 days. Contact controls developed definite clinical signs of FVR. The combined FVR-FCV vaccine appears to be safe and reasonably efficacious. Vaccination against FCV disease and FVR should be part of the routine feline immunization program.
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PMID:Evaluation of a feline viral rhinotracheitis-feline calicivirus disease vaccine. 19 Sep 25

A factor suppressing the migration of donor leukocytes and macrophages of guinea pigs in vitro was revealed in the blood serum of patients suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases (pneumonia, rheumatism, tuberculosis) and carcinoma. A factor stimulating the leukocyte migration was sometimes revealed in the blood sera of the patients. In chromatography of the blood sera on sephadex G-100 the activity of both factors proved to localize in fractions with the mol wt of 15000--45000 dalton. Depression of stimulation of leukocyte migration could be also caused by immunoglobulin fractions (mol wt--150000 dalton) of the blood sera of patients suffering from acute pneumonia, apparently on account of the presence in them of the antigen-antibody complex; however, these sera contained no migration suppression factor. The blood serum fractions with the mol wt of 15000--45000 dalton, including those containing the migration suppression factor inhibited the inhibited the spontaneous and induced by phytohemagglutinin blast transformation lymphocytes, and the immunoglobulin ones--the latter only. Apparently the migration suppression factor of the blood serum served as the product of activated lymphocytes.
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PMID:[Detection of lymphokines in patients' blood serum]. 35 93

Sera from 103 fasting individuals 3 to 76 years of age and free of clinical infectious disease and sera from 183 patients with infectious disease were assayed for serum total non-esterfied fatty acids (tNEFA) and compared. Data were also separated into five groups according to age of donor: 3--7, 8--19, 20--35, 36--60, and 61--76 years. The mean group serum levels of tNEFA increased with age. Among patients with infectious diseases sixty-five were diagnosed as having hepatitis, 41 with infectious mononucleosis, 18 with cellulitis, 12 with pulmonary tuberculosis, 11 with non-pneumococcal pneumonia, 9 with pneumococcal pneumonia, 8 with pharyngitis, 6 with pyelonephritis, 6 with aseptic meningitis, 4 with Gram-negative sepsis, and 3 with encephalitis. The sera from 23 non-fasting patients with gonorrhea were also tested. The serum tNEFA levels were found to be altered, in fact depressed from normal group values, only in patients with pneumonia or tuberculosis. This depression may be related to aberrant pulmonary metabolism during pneumonia.
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PMID:Reduced level of non-esterified fatty acids in sera from patients with infectious respiratory disease. 69 41

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was assessed during infection and after convalescence in 12 patients with influenza pneumonia and 10 patients with bacterial pneumonia. The patients with influenza pneumonia had a marked impairment of skin test reactivity, and their lymphocytes showed a diminished response to phytohemagglutinin and streptokinase-streptodornase stimulation in vitro. Suppression of CMI was related to the severity of the pneumonia. Patients with bacterial pneumonia showed as great a suppression of the response to phytohemagglutinin and streptokinase-streptodornase as the patients with viral pneumonia. All parameters of CMI returned to normal in both groups after convalescence. The depression of CMI could not be related to a decrease in the number of thymus-derived lymphocytes or to serum-suppressive factors in these patients.
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PMID:Effect of viral and bacterial pneumonias on cell-mediated immunity in humans. 108 45

Distal bronchial brushing is one of the methods used in the in vivo indentification of Pneumocystis carinii, a parasite associated with severe pneumonia, the development of which is induced by immuno-depression, particularly after renal transplantation. In three patients the pathogenic agent was demonstrated in alveolar material obtained in this way. The technique is simple and risk-free. It may be used early and repeatedly.
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PMID:[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after kidney transplantation. Early diagnosis by distal bronchial brushing]. 109 27

A fibrinous polyserositis syndrome due to generalized Escherichia coli infection in pigs was observed in 13 out of 17 systematically monitored herds. The mortality rate was approximately 0.1% among liveborn pigs. The occurrence was usually sporadic but a minor enzootic was observed in one herd. Most of the affected pigs succumbed during first or second week of life but cases were observed throughout the suckling period. The clinical signs included marked depression, anorexia, rough haircoat, laboured respiration and death in two to five days. Predominant gross pathological lesions were signs of septicaemia and a voluminous, gelatinous and fibrinous exudate in the pleural, the pericardial and the peritoneal cavities. Frequently also a firbinous polyarthritis and a fibrinous pneumonia were present. The majority of the isolated invasive E. coli strains were nonhaemolytic. Serologically 11 different E. coli O groups were encountered. O group most frequently represented was 020. None of the examined E. coli strains belonged to the serogroups which frequently are associated with enteropathogenicity in pigs.
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PMID:Polyserositis in pigs due to generalized Escherichia coli infection. 110 Feb 4

Brain depression in a patient with severe multisystem disease can be a diagnostic challenge, particularly when the patient is maintained on artificial life-support systems. A case report is presented of a 13-year-old girl with severe pneumonia who was treated with prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass during which time she developed a clinical picture simulating brain death with marked depression of cerebral cortical activity on two successive EEGs. Following correction of some of her metabolic defects, the patient showed marked improvement of cortical function. Multisystem disease can be so severe as to produce a clinical picture of brain death. We wish to emphasize that brain hypofunction of depression is best evaluated by both clinical examination and the EEG, and that neither one alone is sufficient to conclude that cerebral death has occurred.
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PMID:The diagnosis of brain depression in the presence of severe multisystem disease--a case study. 110 66


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