Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical records of 13 school-age children and of 22 adolescents with chronic peptic ulcer were reviewed. There was a predominance of the male sex and duodenal localization showed greater frequency than the gastric. The duration of symptoms previous to the diagnosis was greater in adolescents and repeated X-ray studies were required in school-agers to confirm the presence of an ulcer niche. The common symptoms were abdominal pain and vomiting. However, in 43% of the patients, abdominal pain was not typical of ulcer; therefore, all school-age children and adolescents with recurrent abdominal pain should be submitted to careful investigation. Anxiety and depression were found in 92.3% of the cases. Special ulcer diets and antiacids were given to all patients, but 8 cases showed no improvement. Psychiatric treatment and administration of psychodrugs may be useful. Diazepam was given to 50% of the patients who recovered and to one who did not recover.
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PMID:[Chronic peptic ulcer among students and adolescents]. 61 28

This study describes rates and patterns of new drug introductions in the U.S. and Britain from January, 1972, through December, 1976, updating an earlier study that described the patterns over the previous decade. This comparative international approach enables overall effects of different regulatory, industrial, and other types of changes in drug research and development in the two countries to be evaluated. Numerical differences persisted. In the 1972 to 1976 period, 82 new drugs appeared for the first time in either country. Only 29% of these became mutually available in both countries, 2.4 times as many becoming available first in Britain as in the U.S. Of the 71% that became exclusively available, 2.6 times as many became available in Britain as in the U.S. More important than numerical data are clinical implications of differences between the countries. The largest differences have narrowed since the previous study, but important categories in which the U.S. still lagged behind Britain in December, 1976, included cardiovascular drugs, peptic ulcer drugs, and central nervous system drugs--including therapies for depression, epilepsy, and migraine. Several factors contributed to the narrowing of U.S.--British therapeutic differences, including more realistic regulatory practices and higher quality clinical studies in the U.S., more conservative practices in Britain, attention drawn by previous studies to anachronisms in the U.S., and industrial changes such as more efficient penetration of the U.S. market by foreign firms. It is difficult to determine the relative contribution of each of these factors to the narrowing of the international difference.
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PMID:The drug lag revisited: comparison by therapeutic area of patterns of drugs marketed in the United States and Great Britain from 1972 through 1976. 69 75

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) was the most likely diagnosis in 68 non-thiazide-treated patients with hypercalcaemia detected in a health screening. The group comprised 55 females and 13 males, with a mean age of 55.0 +/- 0.7 (S.E.M.) years. On a pair basis these patients (the observation group) were compared with a series of 68 age- and sex-matched normocalcaemic subjects (the control group) selected from the health screening register. Renal calcui and reduced creatinine clearance were encountered less frequently in the observation group than in many reports of hospitalized patients with PHPT. Compared with the control group, the observation group comprised a greater number of subjects with renal calculi (usually multiple and bilateral), constipation, mental depression and reduced creatinine clearance. The ECG Q-T interval was shorter in the observation group than in the control group. No differences were found with respect to the occurrence of gastritis and/or peptic ulcer, poly-dipsia, polyuria and general muscle weakness. On the basis of this and a previous study it was concluded that at least 3% of the 15903 subjects participating in the health screening suffered from "asymptomatic" hypercalcaemia and most probably from "asymptomatic" PHPT.
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PMID:Clinical and laboratory findings in subjects with hypercalcaemia. A study including cases with primary hyperparathyroidism detected in a health screening. 98 6

Because of the multiplicity of disease conditions and diminished tolerance for drugs in the aged, it is necessary to know concomitant pathologic conditions to determine which antihypertensive drug to use. In the Philadelphia Geriatric Center, there are about 1,000 residents, between 70 and 100 years of age. About 40% have hypertension; almost 50% have or once had depression; there are many cases of hiatal hernia and/or peptic ulcer; in one subdivision of residents, almost 40% have renal disease with BUN above 30 mg/100 ml. In antihypertensive treatment, some individuals respond fairly well to reassurance and weight reduction, when obese, even without drugs. All are given a low-salt diet. A diuretic is first used--thiazide in cases of good renal function, furosemide with impaired renal function. Liquid potassium supplements are given. If there is but little reduction in blood pressure in several weeks, methyldopa is added in ascending doses, in cases with or without renal impairment. In hypertension with impaired renal function, furosemide and/or methyldopa were especially valuable. Furosemide as an antihypertensive drug was also noted to delay the onset of congestive heart failure. Since reserpine can aggravate peptic ulcer and can precipitate or aggravate depression, it should seldom be used to treat hypertension in the aged. Guanethidine is rarely used, since it can cause cerebrovascular insufficiency and marked weakness. High blood pressure should be reduced slowly in the aged, to avoid untoward effects.
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PMID:An approach to the treatment of hypertension in the aged. 105 27

The author states that aside from two major digestive psychosomatic conditions, peptic ulcer and ulcero-hemorragic colitis, one only encounters in the adult a widespread psychosomatic pathology, that is to say: 1 degree phenomena of hysterical conversion (gravidic vomiting for example); 2 degrees digestive phenomena concomitant with emotional reactions (diarrhea and anxiety, hypersecretion and anger, constipation and depression etc.); 3 degrees digestive manifestations accompanying anxiety neurosis; 4 degrees authentic functional diseases, such as the irritable colon corresponding to a well defined personality structure. The author concludes this article by some considerations of psychosomatic symptoms observed by the psychoanalyst; he specifically relates the role of the body barrier, the implication of reality and finally the very particular fantasies found in these psychosomatic patients.
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PMID:[Psychoanalytical nosography and digestive pathology (author's transl)]. 123 67

Jurors on criminal trials carry a considerable burden of responsibility. They determine the defendant's fate. Additionally, during trials they can be exposed to stressful, frightening, and sordid aspects of life. The stressfulness varies depending upon the nature of the trial, its length, the nature of the testimony and evidence, the jurors' interpersonal relationships, the difficulty establishing guilt or innocence, the public's attitude, etc. These experiences can create psychological and/or physical discomfort that can be transient and mildly or moderately intense, or more serious and constitute illness. The authors have studied juries of four criminal trials--two murder cases, one child abuse case, and one obscenity case. Forty jurors were interviewed. Twenty-seven had one or more discomforting physical and/or physiological symptoms. These involved gastrointestinal distress (10 jurors); generalized nervousness (4 jurors); heart palpitation (6 jurors); headaches (4 jurors); sexual inhibitions (4 jurors); depression (4 jurors); anorexia (4 jurors); faintness (2 jurors); and numbness, lump in throat, chest pain, hives, and flu (1 juror each). Seven of the jurors became clearly ill. Illnesses included: peptic ulcer reactivation and hives, phobic reaction, anxiety state and increased alcohol use, hypertensive episode and visual scotomata, sexual inhibition, chills, fever, and depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
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PMID:The occupational hazards of jury duty. 142 62

Psychological correlates of peptic ulcer were assessed in a group of volunteer patients whose ulcers were identified by endoscopy. Logistic regression analysis and "t" test indicates that the peptic ulcer patients studied had higher "neuroticism" scores on EPQ, more life events experienced in the year previous to the investigation (on the revised Holmes' Social Readjustment Rating Scale), more severe symptoms on SCL-90, and lower social support scores on the Social Support Rating Scale than matched controls. The most frequently reported SCL-90 symptoms were anxiety, depression, somatization and obsession. The relationship between the occurrence of peptic ulcer and the characteristics of personality, life events, social support and psychological health level is discussed.
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PMID:[Psychologic correlates in peptic ulcer]. 175 80

Three patients with documented peptic ulcer and four patients with depressive disorder were followed every month for 10 to 14 months. A life events inventory, clinical ratings of depressive mood and ulcer symptoms, and analysis of the urinary excretion of cortisol and melatonin were used on every occasion. Although the number of patients was small a few tentative findings were made. First of all, associations between life events and depressive mood seemed to be "delayed" more often in the ulcer patients than in the depression patients. Secondly, there were individual associations between cortisol excretion and life events or between cortisol excretion and ulcer symptoms, but these associations seemed to form individual patterns. Two of the ulcer patients who had correlations in the expected directions showed a personality profile close to the one expected from classical literature, whereas the third patient who showed no correlations showed alexithymic traits.
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PMID:Life events, abdominal pain and depression in peptic ulcer and depressive disorder. 177 82

The authors studied the immunological and endocrine status of 296 patients in the early periods, in 2-3 weeks, after resection of the stomach or selective proximal vagotomy for complicated peptic ulcer or inefficacy of nonoperative treatment. Imbalance in the cellular and humoral links of immunity was revealed, which was characterized by the presence of the autoimmune component, depression of the T-lymphocyte system and changes of its functional activity, unbalanced regulatory processes of immunocompetent cells, increase of the humoral link of immunity, diminished biological resistance of the organism, which were manifested to an equal degree in patients who underwent various types of operations. A close correlation of immune and endocrine disorders was revealed. Under the effect of rehabilitation measures positive shifts occurred in the disturbed indices of the immune and endocrine systems, which suggests that the application of physical factors promotes processes of natural immunity and the course of restorative and regenerative processes in rehabilitation of patients who underwent an operation.
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PMID:[Immunological aspects of restorative processes during rehabilitation of patients with peptic ulcer after surgical interventions]. 186 98

The 1:1 matched case-control study was undertaken. The associated risk factors such as smoking etc were investigated. Three hundred cases of peptic ulcer and 300 controls individually matched were interviewed. Conditional logistic regression was employed to examine the effect modification. The analytic results showed that Smoking, family history, nutrition, anxiety and depression were the risk factors of peptic ulcer. No relation was found between blood types and peptic ulcer.
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PMID:[A case-control study of peptic ulcer risk factors: smoking]. 186 50


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