Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the radiologic examination of trismus complicating cancrum oris, abnormalities can be detected in the soft tissues, osseous tissues, and temporomandibular joint. In the soft tissue, scar formation may show as a depression in the normal smooth, convex contour of the lateral aspect of the face. There may be a myositis ossificans in the soft tissue, producing bony bars that lead to extra-articular ankylosis. By far the most important changes are in the temporomandibular joint, where there can be varying degrees of joint narrowing, sclerosis of the articular cortex, flattening of the mandibular condyle and occasionally also of the eminentia articularis, osteophytosis, and intra-articular bony ankylosis. Hypoplasia may involve the entire hemimandible or be restricted to its condyloid process. The latter may lead to compensatory enlongation and hypertrophy of the coronoid process. Bony ankylosis of the coronoid process to the posterior wall of the maxilla was seen in three cases. The pathogenesis of these changes is discussed.
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PMID:Radiologic examination of trismus as a complication of cancrum oris. 105 83

A series of human multinucleate giant cells (MGCs) of the endocytotic type were studied using enzyme histochemical methods for dehydrogenases, glycosidases, phosphatases, and peptidases. Several enzyme patterns were found. The subgroup of MGCs associated with inflammatory granulomatous processes (sarcoidosis, granulomatous myositis, familial granulomatosis, lymphogranuloma, granulomatous cholangitis) was characterized by high activities of nonspecific esterase (NE) and tartrate-sensitive acid phosphatase (AcPase-Ts). There was no detectable activity of peptidases or tartrate-resistant isoenzyme of acid phosphatase (AcPase-Tr). This enzyme equipment was indistinguishable from that in mononuclear precursors in the granulomas. The other MGCs of the series displayed enzyme patterns substantially different from their monocytic precursors (blood monocytes and Langerhans cells). The subgroup of foreign body associated MGCs (resorption of fat, keratin, and suture material) was characterized by high activities of NE, AcPase-Tr, and greatly variable activities of both peptidases studied. The latter lacked predilection for certain subcellular regions. The subgroup of osteoclasts and so-called giant cell tumours (osteoclastoma, giant cell tumour of soft parts, giant cell epulis of peripheral, and central types) displayed very low activity of NE, high activity of AcPase-Tr, and strong activities of peptidases. The latter were localized near the surface membrane of the polykarya. MGCs in histiocytosis X (HX) differed from the previous group by higher values of NE in average. All MGC types had common denominator in the absence of alkaline phosphatase activity, on average intense dehydrogenase activities, mostly low beta-glucuronidase and highly variable alpha-mannosidase activities. The enzyme pattern heterogeneity is discussed with regard to the phenomenon of enzyme induction and depression occurring in course of polykaryon production. The variability of phenomenon may reflect reactive adaptation to varying functional demands imposed on MGCs under different conditions.
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PMID:Enzyme patterns in human endocytotic multinucleate giant cells--a histochemical study. 287 82

After a controlled, double blind multicenter trial of D-penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, 148 patients were followed for an additional year in an open label trial. Complications of longterm D-penicillamine included rash, gastrointestinal manifestations, proteinuria, bone marrow depression, myasthenia gravis, myositis, acute febrile reaction and pemphigus foliaceus. With the exception of one patient with myasthenia gravis, all adverse reactions resolved after withdrawal of D-penicillamine. While the complications of D-penicillamine therapy are usually dose related, these reactions can occur at any time and at any dose. Continued and frequent longterm monitoring of D-penicillamine therapy is required.
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PMID:Toxicity of longterm low dose D-penicillamine therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Cooperative Systematic Studies of Rheumatic Disease Group. 295 97

A 2-year-old Boston Terrier was referred because of depression and hindlimb and tail paresis. Clinical examination and serum biochemical analysis resulted in a diagnosis of encephalomyelitis and myositis. Results of testing for Dirofilaria immitis were positive. Gross and histologic examination revealed an aberrant adult heartworm infection resulting in thrombosis of the femoral artery and multiple muscular branches, with subsequent muscle necrosis and inflammation in one hindlimb. Additionally, an unusual larval-tissue interaction to microfilariae yielded a multifocal encephalomyelitis in the brain and spinal cord.
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PMID:Heartworm disease manifested by encephalomyelitis and myositis in a dog. 355 82

Malignant edema (clostridial myositis) was diagnosed in 9 horses with signs of illness that included fever, depression, painful muscular swellings, and toxemia. The infection followed intramuscular injections in 8 horses and developed in a puncture wound in 1 horse. Treatment consisted of surgical fenestration of the involved muscle, high doses of penicillin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and analgesics, and supportive fluid therapy. Five horses recovered and 4 died. Those that died had advanced signs of the disease at admission.
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PMID:Malignant edema in horses. 405 91

Two cases of Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia occurred in a breeding group of 22 adult patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas). Affected animals had acute clinical signs of depression, weakness, dehydration, hypothermia, hepatomegaly and pronounced leukopenia. Both animals died a few hours after treatment was initiated. Gross necropsy findings included jaundice, fluid in body cavities, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, multiple white foci within the liver and spleen, generalized lymph node enlargement and numerous mucosal ulcerations in the colon. Primary histopathological lesions were multifocal hepatic necrosis, splenic necrosis, chronic ulcerative enteritis and diaphragmatic myositis with necrosis and edema. Yersinia enterocolitica was cultured from the liver, spleen, lung, jejunum and rectum. Wild rodents, particularly mice, may have been a source of infection for these animals, as the monkeys were housed in a rural, indoor-outdoor facility. A preliminary culture survey showed that some clinically normal patas monkeys harbored the organism in their intestinal tracts.
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PMID:Naturally occurring Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia in patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas). 405 42

Six Indonesian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were inoculated intravenously with 10(5) Trypanosoma evansi, examined clinically, haematologically and serologically, and then killed 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 or 12 weeks after infection for detailed pathological study. Relapsing fever was related to the waves of parasitaemia and fluctuations of pulse and respiration rates. Anaemic mucous membranes, depression, weakness, refusal to walk, loss of appetite and emaciation were seen. Body weight, packed cell volume, total platelet and red cell counts, and haemoglobin values were below those of two uninfected control buffaloes, as well as below the normal range; on the other hand antibody titres against T. evansi in infected animals were all above those in controls. Emaciation, serous atrophy of fat, hydropericardium, petechial to larger haemorrhages in the pericardium, pneumonia, congested liver and spleen, oedematous enlargement of the superficial lymph nodes and hyperplastic bone marrow were the major gross pathological changes. Histologically, the severity of the disease increased from 1 to 7 weeks after infection and became less obvious at 12 weeks. The most consistent lesions were interstitial pneumonia, interstitial myocarditis, splenic multifocal necrosis, interstitial myositis and hyperplastic bone marrow. The last three lesions appear not to have been reported previously in T. evansi infection in buffaloes or other animals. The clinicopathological findings in this study show that T. evansi is both an intravascular and extravascular parasite.
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PMID:The pathology of experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection in the Indonesian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). 804 Mar 89

Three new cases of toxic shock syndrome due to infection with group A beta-hemolytic streptococci are described and similar cases in the literature are reviewed. The typical features of this disease include rapid development of multiorgan failure with renal impairment and, in many patients, also the respiratory distress syndrome. Cardiac dysfunction with myocardial depression is a prominent feature which is most reasonably explained by an effect of the septicaemia per se but may also be toxic cardiomyopathy mediated by circulating toxins. Other major findings include exanthema--often with the development of haemorrhagic bullae as part of toxic epidermal necrolysis. In patients with initial soft tissue infection this is rapidly progressive and often associated with necrotizing fasciitis and myositis, which may give rise to a compartment syndrome with rhabdomyolysis. In addition to conventional therapy with antibiotics, fluid replacement and inotropics, most patients with extensive soft tissue infection also require surgical intervention with debridement and occasionally fasciotomy.
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PMID:[Toxic shock syndrome in group A streptococcal infection]. 842 63

Four 4-mo-old elk calves (Cervus elaphus) obtained from northeastern Oregon (USA) each were inoculated orally with 250,000 sporocysts of Sarcocystis spp., including S. sybillensis and S. wapiti. Three similar elk calves of comparable ages and weights served as uninoculated controls maintained with the inoculated elk during the experimental period between September and December 1993. Body weights were evaluated at 0 and 90 days postinoculation (PI); packed cell volumes of whole blood were evaluated at 0, 30, and 60 days PI, and numbers of sarcocysts in histologic sections from 11 selected tissues were evaluated at 90 days PI. Significant differences in blood packed cell volumes were not detected between groups (P > 0.05). Except for weight gain, elk remained healthy. Mean (+/- SE) weight gain of inoculated elk (27.1 +/- 1.6 kg) was significantly (P < 0.05) less than that of controls (40.2 +/- 4.9 kg). Mean (+/- SE) number of sarcocysts in tissues of inoculated (114.4 +/- 25.7 cm2) and controls (4.5 +/- 1.4 cm2) differed significantly (P < 0.05). Heart, esophagus and skeletal muscle contained the most sarcocysts. No sarcocysts were detected in brain, spinal cord, or testicles. Histologically, mononuclear myositis and myocarditis, with numerous intralesional sarcocysts were seen. Less severe, but widespread inflammation occurred in brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. Mortality and anemia were not seen, but weight gain depression was detected in the inoculated elk over the 90 day experimental period.
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PMID:Experimental infections of Sarcocystis spp. in Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) calves. 859 75

The effect of an ethanol extract of Commiphora myrrha oleo-gum resin on hematological and pathophysiological parameters of male Wistar rats was examined. The extract was given daily for 2 w at 1000 mg/kg bw per os, 500 mg/kg bw i.m. or 250 mg/kg bw i.p. Depression, huddling together, soft feces, jaundice, ruffled hair, hepatonephropathy, hemorrhagic myositis and patchy peritonitis (at the injection site) and death were accompanied by increases in serum ALP and ALT activities, bilirubin, cholesterol and creatinine concentrations, and decreases in total protein and albumin levels, and macrocytic anemia and leucopenia. When administered at 500 mg extract/kg bw/d per os or 250 mg extract/kg bw/d i.m. for 2 w it was not lethal, and when given daily for 1 w the effect was less marked.
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PMID:Effects on rats of Commiphora myrrha extract given by different routes of administration. 1043 69


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