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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anxiety commonly complicates the clinical presentation of depression and has been associated with poorer long-term outcome, but little information is available on the clinical correlates, and comparative effect on treatment response, of subsyndromic or secondary anxiety. Patients diagnosed with chronic major or double depression were randomized to 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with either sertraline or imipramine in a 2:1 ratio. A high anxiety subgroup was operationally defined by a HAM-D anxiety/somatization factor score > or = 7. The effect of study treatment was measured utilizing the HAM-D, CGI, HAM-D anxiety/somatization factor, as well as a quality of life measure (Q-LES-Q) and a measure of psychosocial functioning (the MOS-SF-36). Two hundred nine patients were treated with imipramine and 426 patients were treated with sertraline. Thirty-six percent of the total met criteria for the high anxiety subgroup. According to Kaplan-Meier probability estimates, patients with significant concurrent anxiety symptoms were more likely to respond by 12 weeks (66.4%) than those without significant anxiety symptoms (54.2%). There was no significant difference in response rates for sertraline vs. imipramine. Both drugs were effective at treating high baseline levels of anxiety, with 60% of sertraline patients and 58% of imipramine patients having 50% or greater reduction from baseline in HAM-D anxiety/somatization factor scores, and only 4.6% and 9.9%, respectively, reporting treatment-emergent worsening in anxiety at study endpoint. Despite the chronicity of depressive illness, acute treatment with both sertraline and imipramine significantly improved psychosocial and quality of life measures. High baseline levels of anxiety did not reduce overall antidepressant response but did somewhat delay the onset of response to sertraline or imipramine in patients with chronic depression.
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PMID:Effect of concurrent anxiety on response to sertraline and imipramine in patients with chronic depression. 1123 56

It has been hypothesised that there is a relationship between depression and mortality rate. Some earlier studies have confirmed this relationship, but others have not. In the present study the association was examined between depressive symptoms and mortality in the inhabitants of ten residential homes for the elderly in The Netherlands. Four hundred and twenty-four subjects who were not cognitively impaired, and who participated in an intervention study, were included. One year after the initial interview, they were contacted again and it was found that 69 (16.3%) had died. In the initial interview, depressive symptoms and psychological distress were assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale and the mental health subscale of the MOS-SF-20. The following correlates of depression were assessed: functional impairment, earlier depression, pain, social support, loneliness, and the presence of seven common chronic illnesses. In bivariate analyses no significant relationship was found between depression and mortality, while controlling for living in an experimental or control home. In logistic regression analyses with mortality as the dependent variable and depressive symptoms, demographic variables, and correlates of depression as predictors, no significant relationship between depression and mortality was found either. It is concluded that no evidence was found in this population for a significant relationship between depression and mortality. Mortality was related to measures of social support, to activities of daily living, and to the presence of chronic non-specific lung disease.
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PMID:Mortality and depressive symptoms in inhabitants of residential homes. 1124 17

The effects of a multifaceted secondary prevention intervention in residential homes in the Netherlands were examined, using a quasi-experimental design. In five experimental residential homes, the caregivers received three training sessions on detecting depression and on supporting depressed residents. Furthermore, an information session was organized for all personnel, a further session was organized for residents and their relatives, and several group interventions were offered. 213 residents participated in the study. 211 residents of five other residential homes, matched on basic variables, served as a comparison group. Effects on depressive symptoms (geriatric depression scale) and health related quality of life (MOS-SF-36) were measured at pretest and after the intervention, one year later. Because the drop-out rate was high and drop-outs differed significantly from the remaining population, the scores of drop-outs were imputed. Since we used a quasi-experimental design, we controlled for confounding variables. Regression analyses resulted in significant effects of the intervention on the GDS and on role functioning in the total population. When the analyses were limited to those scoring high on the GDS at pretest, significant effects were found on the GDS, and on four domains of health-related quality of life: psychological distress, role functioning, pain and social functioning. The improvement in GDS scores in GDS cases was significantly larger than in other subjects. Our results suggest that general approaches aimed at a residential home are capable of influencing depressive symptoms in inhabitants. Possibly, it may not be necessary to wait until depressive symptoms have escalated and inhabitants need extensive treatment.
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PMID:Secondary prevention of depressive symptoms in elderly inhabitants of residential homes. 1146 49

Because effects of cigarette smoking on health-related quality of life (HRQL) have not been well described, we carried out a cross-sectional assessment of HRQL using the Medical Outcomes Survey Scale adapted for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (MOS-HIV questionnaire) in 585 HIV-infected homosexual/bisexual men, injection drug users, and female partners enrolled in a multicenter, prospective study of the pulmonary complications of HIV infection. Mean scores for the following dimensions of HRQL were calculated: general health perception, quality of life, physical functioning, bodily pain, social functioning, role functioning, energy, cognitive functioning, and depression. A multivariate model was used to determine the impact on HRQL of the following factors: smoking, CD4 loss, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnoses, number of symptoms, study site, education, injection drug use, gender, and age. Current smoking was independently associated with lower scores for general health perception, physical functioning, bodily pain, energy, role functioning, and cognitive functioning (all with p < 0.05). We conclude that patients with HIV infection who smoke have poorer HRQL than nonsmokers. These results support the use of smoking cessation strategies for HIV-infected persons who smoke cigarettes.
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PMID:Adverse impact of cigarette smoking on dimensions of health-related quality of life in persons with HIV infection. 1178 76

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical value of bone marrow immunoscintigraphy using the (99m)Tc labelled anti-NCA-95 antigranulocyte antibodies (AGAb) and of AGAb bone marrow uptake ratio (UR) in the initial diagnostic work-up of diseases with depression of the bone marrow. Twenty-four whole-body bone marrow scans were performed in 23 patients (11 women, 12 men; median age 46 years, range 17-74 years) 5 h after i.v. injection of 370 MBq of AGAb. The UR was calculated from the posterior view drawing an irregular region of interest around the sacroiliac and a background areas. The mean UR in pancytopenic patients was 2.3+/-1.5 (range 0.3-5.8), thus being significantly lower (P=0.45 x 10(-6)) than the mean UR in a control group of 50 patients (mean UR 7.3+/-2.3; range 4.4-12.6) obtained previously. Considering patient age, there was no overlap between UR of pancytopenic patients and the respective normal ranges. The bone marrow appearance on scans seemed to be characteristic for the different haematological diseases investigated. In six patients with myelofibrosis, bone marrow scans demonstrated diffusely decreased bone marrow activity and prominent splenic uptake, possibly related to extramedullary haematopoiesis. In aplastic anaemia, highly reduced and patchy marrow uptake was observed in four patients (five scans), in one of them persisting even after blood cell counts had recovered to the near-normal range. In another two patients with aplastic anaemia, diffusely decreased bone marrow uptake was obtained. In patients with myeloid leukaemia, bone marrow patterns were almost normal probably because the target antigen is often expressed on neoplastic myeloid cells, too. Bone marrow extension was a common finding in these patients. There is an obvious differentiation between haematological patients with pancytopenia and normal subjects by means of AGAb bone marrow uptake ratio. The distinct patterns of AGAb distribution may be indicative for particular haematological diseases.
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PMID:Bone marrow immunoscintigraphy in haematological patients with pancytopenia: preliminary results. 1212 81

Early disability and its rapid progression emphasize the medico-social importance of MS. The widely used disease-modifying treatments allowed to delay the time of severe disability, but this way of treatment is very expensive. The cost of MS is discussed based on literature data. The level of the cost of MS greatly depends on the disease severity and activity. Thus the studies of quality of life (QL) and pharmacoeconomical analysis, besides neurological scales, can give important additional information for clinical trials. First such studies in Europe in patients with secondary progressive MS showed a delay in progression of QL indexes in patients under Betaferon treatment in comparison to placebo. We studied changes in MOS SF-36 and WHO QL scales in groups of 60 MS patients, receiving Rebif or Copaxone. After 3 months of Rebif significant positive changes in scales, reflecting physical and social activity of MS patients, were found. At the same time negative changes in the "Pain" scale might reflect the presence of local side effects of beta-interferons treatment. No statistically significant changes in QL indexes under treatment with Copaxone were seen. The results of QL testing were associated with data of neuropsychological tests, characterizing chronic fatigue and depression. Thus the measurement of QL indexes may be a source of significant additional information, estimating the effecis of treatment and is the basic for pharmacoeconomical analysis.
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PMID:[Quality of life in multiple sclerosis and pharmaco-economic studies]. 1241 97

A carcinogenesis bioassay of zearalenone, an estrogenic mycotoxin, was conducted by feeding diets containing 25 or 50 ppm zearalenone to groups of 50 F344/N rats of each sex and 50 or 100 ppm to groups of 50 B6C3F1 mice of each sex for 103 weeks. Groups of 50 rats and 50 mice of each sex served as controls. Estimates based on food consumption data indicate that the low-and high-dose rats received daily doses of about 1 and 2 mg, respectively, of zearalenone per kg of body weight. Low-dose and high-dose mice received estimated daily doses of about 7-10 and 14-20 mg, respectively, of zearalenone per kg of body weight. Survival of dosed and control rats of each sex was comparable. Mean body weight gains of dosed rats of each sex were lower than those of the corresponding controls; depression in mean body weight gain was dose related. Final body weights of dosed rats were <9% lower than those of control rats. The average daily feed consumption of dosed rats of each sex was 91%-102% that of controls. Inflammation of the prostate, testicular atrophy, and hepatocellular cytoplasmic vacuolization (male rats), and nephrosis (male and female rats) were compound-related. Retinopathy and cataracts occurred in low-and high-dose male rats and in low-dose female rats, and were associated with the closeness to fluorescent light. No compound-related, increased tumor incidences were observed in rats in the chronic study. Survival of dosed and control mice of each sex was comparable. Mean body weight gains of high-dose male and low-dose female mice were lower than those of the controls. Terminal body weights of dosed mice were <8% below those of control mice. The average daily feed consumption by dosed mice of each sex was 97-99% that of the controls. Myelofibrosis in the bone marrow, uterine fibrosis, and cystic ducts in the mammary gland were related to the administration of zearalenone in female mice. The incidence of hepatocellular adenomas in female mice was dose related (P</=0.003), and the incidence of these tumors in high-dose female mice was significantly higher (P</=0.006) than those in the controls (control, 0/50; low-dose, 2/49; high-dose, 7/49). Pituitary adenomas occurred with statistically significant positive trends (P</=0.022 for males and P</=0.001 for females). The incidences of these tumors in high-dose mice were significantly increased relative to controls (P</=0.032 for males: 0/40, 4/45, 6/44; and P</=0.003 for females: 3/46, 2/43, 13/42). Under the conditions of this bioassay, zearalenone was not carcinogenic for F344/N rats of either sex. Zearalenone should be considered carcinogenic in B6C3F1 mice, as evidenced by the increased proportion of male and female mice with pituitary adenomas and by the increased proportion of female mice with hepatocellular adenomas. Levels of Evidence of Carcinogenicity: Male Rats: Negative Female Rats: Negative Male Mice: Positive Female Mice: Positive Synonym: trans-zearalenone
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PMID:Carcinogenesis Bioassay of Zearalenone (CAS No. 17924-92-4) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Study). 1277 1

Symptoms serve as intervention foci for patients and health care providers. Research has established a relationship between symptoms and quality of life for persons living with HIV/AIDS. This article reports symptom prevalence and intensity data that include gynecological and cognitive symptoms self-reported by HIV-infected women (N = 118). Using a cross-sectional, descriptive design, data were obtained using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (MOS SF-36), and the revised Sign and Symptom Check-List for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS (SSC-HIV). Prevalent symptoms were depression (83%), muscle aches (84%), weakness (80%), and painful joints (71%). Symptoms with the highest mean intensity, however, were headaches, rash, insomnia, vaginal itching, and shortness of breath at rest. Symptoms also significantly predicted role functioning. This study contributes to our understanding the nature of symptoms and the influence of symptoms on role and physical functioning among HIV-infected women.
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PMID:The influence of symptoms on quality of life among HIV-infected women. 1498 39

The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS-C) in a sample of 110 patients. Criterion-related and construct validities of the MOS-SSS-C were evaluated by correlations with the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Survey (r =.82) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (r = -.58). Confirmatory factor analysis affirmed the four-factor structure of the MOS-SSS-C in measuring the functional aspects of perceived social support. Cronbach's alphas for the subscales ranged from.93 to.96, whereas the alpha for the overall scale was.98. The 2-week test-retest reliability of the MOS-SSS-C as measured by the intraclass correlation coefficient was.84. The MOS-SSS-C is a psychometrically sound multidimensional measure for the evaluation of functional aspects of perceived social support by Chinese patients with chronic disease.
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PMID:Psychometric testing of the Chinese version of the medical outcomes study social support survey (MOS-SSS-C). 1504 39

The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare preference scores derived from MOS Short Form-36 (SF-36) data for a sample of lung transplant patients using three methodologies: Fryback et al. (Med Decis Making 1997; 17: 1-9), Nichol et al. (Med Decis Making 2001; 21: 105-112) and Brazier et al. (J Health Econ 2002: 21: 271-292). Data were gathered from 99 lung transplant recipients using a mail survey, which included the SF-36 and other health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures. The mean preference score for the sample was 0.643 (range 0.43-0.83), 0.765 (range 0.36-1.0), and 0.697 (range 0.33-1.00) for Fryback, Nichol and Brazier methods, respectively. Correlations between the derived scores and visual analogue ratings of health (0.58-0.68) and pulmonary symptoms (-0.59 to -0.62) were moderate to good and in the expected directions. The mean preferences of patients grouped by levels of dyspnea, depression symptoms, illness burden, and self-rated general health differed significantly with all methods and supported the construct validity of the derived scores as measures of preference. The Nichol and Brazier scores, both derived with standard gamble utilities, were generally higher than Fryback scores, which are not utility-based. Given the popularity of the SF-36, these three methods could be useful where direct elicitation of preferences is not feasible. Researchers must be cognizant of the derivation method used, as absolute preference levels, hence quality adjusted life years (QALYs), will differ by method.
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PMID:Estimation and comparison of derived preference scores from the SF-36 in lung transplant patients. 1508 10


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