Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient exposed to thorotrast angiography developed sarcoidosis 21 years after the injection and myelofibrosis 13 years later. On the latter occasion an extreme deficiency in circulating lymphocytes forming rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (T-cells) was observed and a large fraction of the cells had chromosomal aberrations. Acute leukaemia developed 1 year later. The multiple clinical symptoms may be related to radiation-induced destruction of bone marrow tissue, mutations in haemopoietic cells and depression of cell-mediated immunity.
 ...
PMID:Pronounced deficiency in T-cells and lymphocyte chromosomal aberrations in a patient with sarcoidosis, myelofibrosis and acute leukaemia following thorotrast angiography. 30 34

The clinical and laboratory features of 23 new patients as well as 50 previously reported patients with the syndrome of hematophagic histiocytosis are reviewed. The syndrome occurs more often in men than women but has no age predilection. Common presenting features include fever, hepatic and splenic enlargement, lymphadenopathy, and profound depression of blood counts. The clinical course is generally fulminant and may be complicated by coagulation abnormalities, hepatic dysfunction and renal failure. In the majority of patients, however, the syndrome is self-limited with resolution of the clinical and laboratory abnormalities within several weeks. Hematophagic histiocytosis generally occurs in patients who develop infections in the setting of preexisting immunologic abnormalities or neoplasms. Viral infections are most commonly involved, but virtually any other infectious agent can precipitate this syndrome. The characteristic morphologic feature of the hematophagic histiocytosis is the proliferation of mature histiocytes actively ingesting other blood cells. These hematophagic histiocytes most commonly involve the bone marrow but may also be present in the lymph nodes, spleen and liver. Other bone marrow abnormalities include hypocellularity with preservation of megakaryocytes, and myelofibrosis. The principal features of this syndrome that distinguish it from malignant histiocytosis are the cytologic maturity and degree of hematophagic activity of the histiocytes as well as its more favorable prognosis. In some patients, however, a clear distinction of malignant from reactive histiocytosis will not be possible until a clonal marker for malignant histiocytes is identified. Based in our experience, the syndrome of hematophagic histiocytosis appears to be more common than malignant histiocytosis.
 ...
PMID:Hematophagic histiocytosis. A report of 23 new patients and a review of the literature. 305 18

Psychometric health status scales and health utility scales were compared to measure the impact of changes in clinical status in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The data used included the first two waves of a longitudinal study of 160 HIV-infected patients, a population that was 34% women and 65% African American. The Medical Outcome Study-HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV); sleep, cognitive function, and depression scales; the Sickness Impact Profile Home Management Scale; and questions on HIV-related clinical symptoms were administered. Standard gamble utilities and categorical rating scale preferences were assessed for current health state. The MOS-HIV scale scores of asymptomatic patients were significantly higher than those of symptomatic patients and patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. No differences were observed for utilities. Increases in clinical symptoms over 4 months were associated with changes in health perception, pain, physical role function, social function, mental health, depression, energy, cognitive function, and categorical rating scale preferences. The MOS-HIV and other health status measures discriminated between HIV disease stages and were associated with clinical status. Standard gamble utilities did not discriminate among the three groups and were not correlated with clinical status.
 ...
PMID:Change in clinical status, health status, and health utility outcomes in HIV-infected patients. 772 45

Because the validity of data obtained from self-report clinical outcome measures depends upon the ability of the client to comprehend the inventories, readability was assessed for five frequently employed measures: Beck Depression Inventory, Integra Outpatient Tracking Assessment, MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report, and Symptoms Checklist-90-Revised. The Flesch Reading Ease (RE) formula and a Flesch abstraction formula were applied. The measures are generally shown to be useful for patients with an eighth or ninth grade education, suggesting that outcome researchers must choose only those measures appropriate to the educational background of their clients.
 ...
PMID:Readability of self-report clinical outcome measures. 940 79

Assessing both physical and mental health is necessary in clinical settings to quantify the scope of disability and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment programs. Changes in health-related quality of life following physical therapy treatment for many patients with orthopaedic-related diagnoses is not known. The purposes of this study were to describe changes in health-related quality of life between the initial assessment and the time of discharge from physical therapy for the most common orthopaedic diagnoses and to compare the patterns of deficit among diagnostic categories. Patient outcomes in this study were evaluated from a large database generated by the Focus on Therapeutic Outcomes (FOTO) network. Health-related and employment outcomes were described for adult patients who were classified using ICD-9-CM codes. The most common orthopaedic diagnostic categories were sacroiliac sprain, back sprain, low back pain (radiating and nonradiating), neck sprain, neck pain (radiating and nonradiating), adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, rotator cuff injury, shoulder sprain, knee dislocation, knee sprain, and knee derangement. The primary outcome measure was a 17-item questionnaire (the MOS-17) derived from the RAND 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). The comparison of each cohort to population norms was made by calculating a standard score on patient data adjusted for age and gender. An effect size was calculated to measure the change in health or employment status between the initial assessment and discharge from physical therapy. For all diagnostic categories, health-related quality of life with respect to norms and employment status showed a consistent pattern of improvement at the time of discharge compared with the initial assessment. There were only small changes in physical function for neck and shoulder diagnostic categories. Nearly all of the diagnostic categories had large reductions in bodily pain. The amount of clinical change in the physical components of health-related quality of life--especially the physical function and role physical domains--differed substantially across specific diagnostic categories. The largest improvements in the physical function occurred for patients with knee dislocation and knee sprain. Patients with knee dislocation also had the largest improvement in role limitations due to physical problems. The design of this study does not permit conclusions about the efficacy of physical therapy. Further study is needed to determine if the finding of different levels of health status improvement across diagnostic categories was due to the nature of the outcome measure, the type of treatments given to each patient, or other confounding variables, like depression or preinjury functional level.
 ...
PMID:Physical therapy and health-related outcomes for patients with common orthopaedic diagnoses. 951 68

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated in a sample of alcohol-dependent patients with the 36-item Medical Outcome Study Short-Form Health Survey (MOS-SF-36). The instrument was administered to 147 patients (77% males), aged 26-78, with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of alcohol dependence. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS), the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ), and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) were also administered to the first 100 patients included in the study. The reliability and validity of the MOS-SF-36 were evaluated. Test-retest intraclass coefficients for a 10-day interval were in the range .65 to .79, whereas the Cronbach alpha coefficient indicated good internal consistency (range .70 to .89). Compared to scores observed in the general population, MOS-SF-36 scores for alcohol-dependent patients were relatively low (indicating worse perception of HRQoL), especially in the psychological and role dimensions (range 52/100 to 55/100), but were closer to populational values in the physical and functional dimensions (range 61/100 to 75/100)). The highest correlation between MOS-SF-36 dimensions and HDS was found in the MOS-SF-36 "mental health" dimension (r=-.56, p < .001); this dimension was also correlated highly with the psychiatric dimension of the ASI (r=-.73, p < .001). The eight dimensions of the MOS-SF-36 were 21% to 127% lower in patients with HDS greater than or equal to 16 (major depression) compared to those with HDS less than or equal to 7 (absence of depression). The MOS-SF-36 dimensions were 10% to 141% lower in patients with high "ASI alcohol" scores, indicating worse HRQoL profiles with a higher severity of alcohol dependence. The MOS-SF-36 presents good criteria for reliability and validity in alcohol-dependent patients. The results suggested that alcohol-dependent patients perceived their problems more as psychological than physical. The severity of alcohol dependence and depression seemed to influence the perception of HRQoL negatively.
 ...
PMID:MOS-SF-36 in evaluating health-related quality of life in alcohol-dependent patients. 984 78

Little is known about the long-term effects of adjuvant therapy on quality of life, sexual functioning and symptoms in breast cancer survivors. Between January 1996 and June 1997, we surveyed 1098 women who had been diagnosed with early stage breast cancer between 1 and 5 years earlier. The breast cancer survivors were recruited in two large metropolitan centers in the USA. They completed a survey battery that contained standardized measures of health-related quality of life (HRQL), depression, body image, sexual functioning, and symptoms. A total of 1096 had usable responses for these analyses. In this sample, n = 356 had received tamoxifen (TAM) alone, n = 180 received chemotherapy (CHEM) alone, n = 395 received CHEM + TAM, and n = 265 received no adjuvant therapy (NO RX). There were significant differences in the mean age of each group, with the TAM group being the oldest (mean 62.6 years) and the CHEM group being the youngest (mean 46.8 years). Both age and time since diagnosis were controlled for in all statistical analyses. We found no significant differences in global quality of life among the four treatment groups. For the MOS-SF-36, there were no significant differences on the subscale scores except for the physical functioning subscale (p = 0.0002); the NO RX group had the highest functioning. There were no significant differences in depression scores among the four treatment groups. The MOS-SF-36 physical functioning composite score differed by treatment group (p = 0.012); the NO RX group had a physical functioning composite score that was at the mean for a normal healthy population of women, while those in the adjuvant treatment groups scored slightly lower. The mental health composite score was not significantly different among the four treatment groups and approximated scores from the normal population of healthy women. There were no differences in body image scores among the four treatment groups; however, sexual functioning scores did differ (p = 0.0078) with patients receiving chemotherapy (either alone or with tamoxifen) experiencing more problems. Hot flashes, night sweats, and vaginal discharge differed by treatment (p = 0.0001); all symptoms were reported more often in breast cancer survivors on tamoxifen. Vaginal dryness and pain with intercourse also differed significantly by adjuvant treatment, occurring more often in survivors treated with chemotherapy. Overall, breast cancer survivors function at a high level, similar to healthy women without cancer. However, compared to survivors with no adjuvant therapy, those who received chemotherapy have significantly more sexual problems, and those treated with tamoxifen experience more vasomotor symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Impact of different adjuvant therapy strategies on quality of life in breast cancer survivors. 992 75

Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with follow-up canonical discriminant analysis may be used to interpret differences in health-related quality of life measured by the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 (MOS SF-36). Due to the moderate correlations between the 8 health dimensions of the SF-36, MANOVA is theoretically a more appropriate method than traditional univariate approaches for detecting group differences on the SF-36. Additionally, canonical discriminant analysis presents a novel approach to understanding the relationship between health dimensions of the SF-36 and model-independent variables. Results from the MANOVA and canonical discriminant analysis provide evidence of the sensitivity of the SF-36 in cross-sectional, self-reported data. Significant differences in health status (alpha less than or equal to 0.05) were found for the variables of age, and primary physician visits, and between levels of disease severity, type of breathing problem, whether patients had seen a specialist or not, use of emergency room, the comorbid states of depression and arthritis, and income. No significant differences in health status were reported between males and females or racial groups.
 ...
PMID:Multivariate analysis of health status scores: chronic airway disorders and the MOS SF-36. 1014 53

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measurement is being used to assess end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients' functional status and well-being from the patient's perspective. Research shows that HRQOL can screen for patients at high risk for death, hospitalization, treatment adherence, and depression. This study investigated whether patient goal setting and interdisciplinary collaboration and support could increase HRQOL scores in ESRD patients on chronic maintenance hemodialysis. Differences were found to be statistically significant in two of the MOS Short Form 36 (SF-36) categories (role physical and role emotional) following the intervention at the 95% confidence interval using a t-test statistic. This indicates that the intervention had a positive impact on patient perceptions of their health status. Eighty-seven percent indicated that there had been at least some progress made in reaching the goal. The results of this study support the utilization of HRQOL data at the facility level to improve patient's perceptions of their health status. A further study is needed to examine the long-term impact on HRQOL and other patient outcome measures through consistent use of this intervention.
 ...
PMID:A model for patient participation in quality of life measurement to improve rehabilitation outcomes. 1033 87

The objective of this study was to profile trauma related psychiatric symptoms in a group of refugees not seeking mental health services and to consider the services implications. The study involved research assessments of two groups of Bosnian refugees: those who have not presented for mental health services and those who have. A total of 28 of 41 nonpresenters (70%) met symptom criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. All service presenters (N = 29) met symptom criteria for PTSD diagnosis. The group that did not present for services reported substantial but lower trauma exposure, PTSD symptom severity, and depression symptom severity. They had significant differences on all subscales of the MOS SF-36, indicating better health status. We concluded that those who do not seek services have substantial symptom levels, but their self-concept appears to be less oriented toward illness and help seeking. Innovative access, engagement, and preventive interventions are needed to address those who have symptoms but do not readily seek help for trauma mental health services.
 ...
PMID:Profiling the trauma related symptoms of Bosnian refugees who have not sought mental health services. 1091 99


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>