Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this review was to describe the historical development of each epidemiology, experimental pathology, endocrinology (including vitaminology), and thermodynamics surrounding the genesis of gastric cancer in humans and non-human mammals. Epidemiological studies from other and our laboratories were unanimous in counting the intake of carbohydrate-rich and salty diet with vitamin C deficiency as the risk factor of key importance. Information from experimental pathology suggested the possible implication of some nitroso compounds in a subject with atrophic gastritis and/or in a state of vitamin C deficiency of which the establishment should have led to a perturbation of the steroid milieu of the host. In endocrinology, the association of a specific steroid disorder (depression of androgen and progestin combined with glucocorticoid excess in urine) with gastric cancer, as noted in the case-control study of this neoplasia, was reproduced in mice maintained under biased nutritional conditions. The use of scurvy-prone ODS rats was found useful in elucidating the interrelation between vitamin C and steroid metabolism. Finally, thermodynamic analysis of the data distribution of gastric cancer risk parameter of both sexes revealed the presence of an interaction between oncogene activation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation in the course of the maintenance of the positive correlation with male predominance between male gastric cancer and female gastric cancer as regards the changes of age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) in space. In conclusion, all of the information available in the field of gastric cancer etiology is in support of the pertinence of the steroid criminal hypothesis of gastric cancer in humans and in non-human mammals.
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PMID:In search of the cause of gastric cancer. 1075 69

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with 5-FU and CDDP is one of the more attractive regimens for liver metastases from gastric cancer. We report here two chemotherapy related deaths from unexpected complications associated with acute depression of consciousness level due to hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Two cases of chemotherapy related death associated with acute depression of consciousness complicating hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (5-FU and CDDP) for liver metastases from gastric cancer]. 1108 62

Although gastric cancer occurs frequently in Japan, few cases of hepatoid adenocarcinoma, a cancer with an extremely poor prognosis, have been reported. Here, we describe a 67-year-old Japanese man referred to our hospital with suspected gastric cancer. Gastrointestinal fiberscopy revealed an elevated lesion with a central depression on the lesser curvature, extending from the antrum to the body of the stomach. On the preoperative examinations, abdominal computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and abdominal ultrasonography revealed multiple metastases to the liver and no cirrhotic change. The serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was markedly elevated (10,084 ng/ml). After a diagnosis of AFP-producing gastric cancer with multiple liver metastases was made, total gastrectomy, without liver resection, was performed. Microscopically, the tumor showed two main histological features. The main part of the tumor resembled moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, and the rest showed fetal-type adenocarcinoma. Some parts of the hepatoma-like lesion showed periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive granules. Furthermore, the tumor showed diffuse immunohistochemical positivity for AFP, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and alpha-1 antichymotrypsin. According to these histopathological findings, the tumor was diagnosed as hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Although anastomotic leakage occurred postoperatively and the liver metastases have increased in size, the patient remains alive 11 months after the operation. Because of the poor prognosis for this histological type of tumor, accurate diagnosis of hepatoid adenocarcinoma is important, and long-term follow-up is required. We describe this rare case of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach, and review the literature concerning the clinicopathological aspects.
Gastric Cancer 2001
PMID:Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach. 1170 27

A 60-year-old man with advanced gastric cancer achieved good pain control on a stable dose of methadone for 10 days. However, he developed respiratory depression 2 days after intravenous fluconazole was administrated for refractory oral candidiasis. Intravenous naloxone effectively reversed the respiratory depression. This case illustrates a significant interaction between methadone and fluconazole, and highlights the need for awareness of potential interactions between drugs used in palliative care.
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PMID:Methadone and fluconazole: respiratory depression by drug interaction. 1184 35

A 68-year-old man with good left ventricular function underwent subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer under general anesthesia. Twenty minutes after the start of surgery, ST-segment depression was noted on the electrocardiogram monitor without change in the hemodynamic state. Intravenous isosorbide dinitrate relieved the electrocardiographic signs of ischemia. Short episodes of the ST-segment depression recurred 5 times despite intravenous isosorbide dinitrate and nicorandil. Echocardiography immediately after the surgery revealed hypokinesia of the anterior, septal and apical segments with an ejection fraction of 48%, suggesting acute myocardial infarction or the "Takotsubo"-shaped cardiomyopathy. However, a day after surgery, echocardiography showed improvement of regional wall motion with an ejection fraction of 57%. Coronary angiography showed normal coronary arteries on the 22nd day after the surgery. Patient manifested occlusive coronary artery spasm on ergonovine provocative test. We would like to stress that perioperative coronary artery spasm may demonstrate ST-segment depression and may result in severe consequences, regressive but relatively prolonged, in left ventricular function.
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PMID:[A case of intraoperative repeated coronary artery spasm with ST-segment depression]. 1242 17

In this paper, we present evidence that the red ginseng powder from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer inhibits the recurrence of AJCC stage III gastric cancer and shows immunomodulatory activities during postoperative chemotherapy, after a curative resection with D2 lymph node dissection. Flow cytometric analyses for peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets showed that the red ginseng powder restored CD4 levels to the initial preoperative values during postoperative chemotherapy. Depression of CD3 during postoperative chemotherapy was also inhibited by the red ginseng powder ingestion. This study demonstrated a five-year disease free survival and overall survival rate that was significantly higher in patients taking the red ginseng powder during postoperative chemotherapy versus control (68.2% versus 33.3%, 76.4% versus 38.5%, respectively, p < 0.05). In spite of the limitation of a small number of patients (n = 42), these findings suggest that red ginseng powder may help to improve postoperative survival in these patients. Additionally, red ginseng powder may have some immunomodulatory properties associated with CD3 and CD4 activity in patients with advanced gastric cancer during postoperative chemotherapy.
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PMID:Effects of red ginseng upon postoperative immunity and survival in patients with stage III gastric cancer. 1256 76

When no organic cause for dyspepsia is found, the condition generally is considered to be functional, or idiopathic. Nonulcer dyspepsia can cause a variety of symptoms, including abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. Many patients with nonulcer dyspepsia have multiple somatic complaints, as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression. Extensive diagnostic testing is not recommended, except in patients with serious risk factors such as dysphagia, protracted vomiting, anorexia, melena, anemia, or a palpable mass. In these patients, endoscopy should be considered to exclude gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic or duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. In patients without risk factors, consideration should be given to empiric therapy with a prokinetic agent (e.g., metoclopramide), an acid suppressant (histamine-H2 receptor antagonist), or an antimicrobial agent with activity against Helicobacter pylori. Treatment of patients with H. pylori infection and nonulcer dyspepsia (rather than peptic ulcer) is controversial and should be undertaken only when the pathogen has been identified. Psychotropic agents should be used in patients with comorbid anxiety or depression. Treatment of nonulcer dyspepsia can be challenging because of the need to balance medical management strategies with treatments for psychologic or functional disease.
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PMID:Evaluation and management of nonulcer dyspepsia. 1525 26

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multi-dimensional concept, encompassing all aspects of patient health and used widely as an outcome measure in clinical trials. In this review, the current status of HRQoL assessment in clinical studies of gastrointestinal cancer is examined and the various instruments proposed for this purpose are considered and compared. The cancer-specific questionnaires, among them the Spitzer Quality of Life Index, the Rotterdam Symptom Check List, the Functional Living Index-Cancer, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General (FACT-G) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Organization for Research and Treatment in Cancer (EORTC), provide essential information about particular concerns of cancer patients and are most sensitive in detecting changes over time. The domain-specific questionnaires, among them the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, the McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Anorectal Sphincter-Conservative Treatment Questionnaire, are designed to assess one specific domain of quality of life. The core-module cancer-specific questionnaires combine a core questionnaire for use in any type of cancer with a module questionnaire which assesses specific issues in cancer patient subgroups. Such core-module instruments have been evaluated for colorectal, pancreatic, hepatobiliary, oesophageal and gastric cancer. The most valid and standardized instruments for HRQoL assessment in cancer patients are the EORTC and the FACT questionnaires, which are widely used in Europe and around the world. Data provided by these specific instruments complement clinical outcomes and may help to evaluate the costs and benefits of different treatment options, thus being essential to further improvement of treatment and care of cancer patients.
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PMID:Instruments for quality of life assessment in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. 1527 11

Gastric cancer was detected in a 71-year-old man with severe aortic stenosis. According to ACC/AHA guidelines, aortic stenosis in the patient was so severe that noncardiac surgery was considered appropriate only after aortic valve replacement. However, due to uncontrollable hemorrhage from gastric cancer, total gastrectomy was urgently required. Surgery was performed under epidural and general anesthesia. Blood pressure and heart rate were stable during anesthetic induction, tracheal intubation and skin incision. Just after peritoneal incision, however, ST decreased significantly following hypertension and sinus tachycardia, which were controllable by deepening of the anesthetic level. This ST depression was dependent on heart rate but not blood pressure. Therefore, in order to control the heart rate and prevent myocardial ischemia, low dose landiolol was infused prophylactically. This agent regulated the heart rate below 85 beats per minute without inducing hypotension and prevented myocardial ischemia during the remaining anesthetic course including extubation and recovery from anesthesia. Although beta blocker is not generally recommended in patients with aortic stenosis, present case suggests that landiolol is effective and useful to prevent cardiac ischemia even in a patient with severe aortic stenosis.
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PMID:[Landiolol prevented myocardial ischemia in a patient with severe aortic stenosis undergoing total gastrectomy]. 1751

Even after receiving analgesia, patients with gastric and liver cancer still report moderate levels of postoperative pain. The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy of foot reflexotherapy as adjuvant therapy in relieving pain and anxiety in postoperative patients with gastric cancer and hepatocellular cancer. The study design was a randomized controlled trial. Data were collected from 4 surgical wards of a medical center in 2005 in Taipei, Taiwan. Sixty-one patients who had received surgery for gastric cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma were randomly allocated to an intervention (n = 30) or control (n = 31) group. Patients in the intervention group received the usual pain management plus 20 minutes of foot reflexotherapy during postoperative days 2, 3, and 4. Patients in the control group received usual pain management. Outcome measures included the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, visual analog scale for pain, summary of the pain medications consumed, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results demonstrated that studied patients reported moderately high levels of pain and anxiety postoperatively while patients were managed with patient-controlled analgesia. Using generalized estimation equations and controlling for confounding variables, less pain (P < .05) and anxiety (P < .05) over time were reported by the intervention group compared with the control group. In addition, patients in the intervention group received significantly less opioid analgesics than the control group (P < .05). Findings from this study provide nurses with an additional treatment to offer postoperative digestive cancer patients.
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PMID:Effects of reflexotherapy on acute postoperative pain and anxiety among patients with digestive cancer. 1849 Aug 86


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