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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the last ten years a substantial reduction in mortality has been obtained for Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Since lymphoma treatment is often accompanied by side effects and long-term sequelae, however, patients often have problems with rehabilitation. It is thus very important that these problems and needs be identified. Going back to work is one of the main objectives of rehabilitation and can be taken as a valuable indicator of the problems and needs of such patients. We therefore conducted a study at the Jules Bordet Institute between December 1989 and December 1990. Of the patients in remission and able to go back to work, only 54% of them have done so. Anxiety, depression, and treatment toxicity interfere with return to work, and the likelihood of job reentry increases with the time lapse since the end of treatment. Rehabilitation programs must focus on alleviating illness and treatment sequelae as soon as treatment ends.
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PMID:Professional rehabilitation of lymphoma patients: a study of psychosocial factors associated with return to work. 815 41

Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients were tested for LAK cell cytotoxicity using appropriate targets in a short-term 51chromium-release assay. The results showed a significant depression in LNL-LAK activity suggesting the reduced capacity of LNL to generate LAK cells. LNL-LAK cells demonstrated significantly low percentages of cells expressing CD16, CD56 and CD25 as compared to PBL-LAK of patients and healthy donors. The reduced capacity to generate LAK cells in lymph nodes could be due to the presence of low numbers of NK cells which are thought to be the main precursors of LAK cells. The IL-2 producing ability of lymph node mononuclear cells was found to be significantly higher than that of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from both healthy donors and NHL patients.
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PMID:Characterization of lymphokine-activated killer cells from peripheral blood and lymph nodes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. 835 Sep 43

Nineteen patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), representing 4 different subtypes, were examined for immunophenotype and immunogenotype. Quantitative immunophenotypic analysis of 13 cases revealed a predominance of Leu1 and Leu3 T cells in all subtypes, except in the case of HD lymphocytic-depression (HDLD). The positive rate of LeuM1 and Ki1 in Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells was 65% (11/17) and 73% (11/15), respectively. In DNA hybridization analysis, 5 of the 19 cases of HD were found to have gene rearrangements--immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements in 3 cases and T cell receptor beta chain (TCR beta) gene rearrangements in 2 cases. Epstein-Barr (EBV) DNA genomes were detected in 8 cases, including 2 of 5 cases which previously had been shown to contain clonal Ig and TCR beta gene rearrangements. By contrast, there were no detectable cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA sequences in 19 cases of HD or 30 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Although our findings differed somewhat from those obtained on Westerners, they suggest the presence of a monoclonal lymphoid population in HD patients and that the EBV is related to the etiology of HD.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor beta chain gene rearrangements and Epstein-Barr viral DNA in tissues of Hodgkin's disease in Taiwan. 839 9

The T cell-mediated antineoplastic activity observed following allogeneic transplantation and the suggestion of improved therapeutic efficacy by autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation (PSCT) as compared to autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) stimulated our interest in the immunologic competence of stem cell products. We report the immune phenotype and function of normal peripheral blood (PB) cells, bone marrow (BM) cells from normal donors and cancer bearing patients, GM-CSF-mobilized and apheresed blood mononuclear cells from NHL patients, unmobilized apheresed mononuclear cells from normal volunteers and umbilical cord blood (CB). The analyses include three-color fluorescent cytometry of the major hematologic and immunologic phenotypes as well as natural killer (NK) activity, natural suppressor (NS) activity, and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed (PWM) mitogenesis. These studies demonstrated an increased frequency of T cells in apheresis products as compared to BM and CB products. Specifically, the mobilized PSC had significant increases in CD3+, CD4+, CD45RO+ and CD56+ cells relative to BM cells. In addition, the frequency of TCR gamma/delta + cells in all the stem cell products, with the exception of CB, were also increased compared to normal peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). However, all the stem cell products had a significant depression in T (PHA mitogenesis) and B (PWM mitogenesis) cell function. The depression in immune cell functionality, in the PSC products was perhaps due to the high frequency of monocytes which appeared to be increased due to both mobilization and apheresis. The frequency of the NK cell phenotype (CD56) but not function was increased in the mobilized PSC products, while the NK cell function in the BM products from cancer patients but not normal donors was depressed as compared to normal PBL. In summary, there are significant differences in the cellular phenotypes and immunologic competence among the various stem cell products with potential therapeutic implications.
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PMID:Immunologic phenotype and function in human bone marrow, blood stem cells and umbilical cord blood. 883 96

Individualizing the doses of cancer chemotherapy agents and progress in supportive therapy have improved the prognosis for elderly patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Prolonged hospitalization elderly patients has adverse effects, which include dementia, difficulty in walking, and depression. We treated 10 elderly patients (> or = 85 years) with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as outpatients with oral etoposide, 25 mg or 50 mg daily for as long as possible, or until the white blood cell count decreased to < or = 2,000/microliter or the platelet count decreased to < or = 5 x 10(4)/microliter. Complete remission was achieved in 4 patients and partial remission in 4; the median duration of survival was 19 months. Adverse effects included leukopenia in 1 patient (< or = 1,000 cells/microliter), thrombocytopenia in 1 patient (< or = 5 x 10(4) cells/microliter), and anorexia in 1 patient. These results indicate that prolonged oral administration of low-dose etoposide is effective and safe for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in elderly patients. This outpatient chemotherapy caused no serious adverse reactions.
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PMID:[Effectiveness of prolonged oral therapy with low-dose etoposide in patients aged 85 years and over with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]. 921 79

A chemotherapy schedule comprising mitozantrone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide alternating weekly with bleomycin and vincristine with oral prednisolone throughout (PMitCEBO) has been evaluated in patients relapsing after previous chemotherapy and radiotherapy as a palliative chemotherapy schedule in advanced disease. Treatment was given weekly up to a maximum of 12 weeks, the median duration being 8 weeks (range 2-12 weeks). In 20 patients, median age 70 years (range 52 82), of whom 10 had low-grade NHL and 10 relapsed intermediate/high-grade NHL, the objective response rate was 75% (15/20) with a median duration of response of 12 months (range 1-27 months). Toxicity was restricted to grade 3/4 alopecia and bone marrow depression with three episodes of neutropenic sepsis but no treatment-related deaths.
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PMID:Weekly chemotherapy using PMitCEBO in the palliation of recurrent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 940 46

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), commonly known as dioxins, form as unwanted impurities in the manufacturing of chlorophenol and its derivatives--pulp and paper--and in the combustion of municipal, sewage-sludge, hospital, and hazardous waste. Combustion, in presence of a chlorine donor, seems to be a major source of these compounds. High levels of dioxins are also emitted from metallurgical industries including copper smelters, electric furnaces in steel mills, and wire reclamation incinerators. Trace levels are detectable in emissions from motor vehicles using leaded gasoline or diesel fuel, in forest fires, and in residential wood burning. Extremely persistent and widely distributed in the environment, PCDDs have been detected in all three primary and many secondary media. Releases into the air occur mainly from combustor emissions. Atmospheric dispersion, deposition, and subsequent accumulation in the food chain seem to be the major pathways of exposure to the general population. Residues of these chemicals have been detected in soil, sediment, fish, meat, cow's milk, human adipose tissue, and mothers' milk. In general, these chemicals have high lipophilicity. The elimination half-life of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in humans is approximately 7-11 years. Very little human toxicity data from exposure to PCDDs are available. Health-effect data obtained from occupational settings in humans are based on exposure to chemicals contaminated with TCDD. It produces a spectrum of toxic effects in animals and is one of the most toxic chemicals known. Most of the toxicity data available on TCDD are from high-dose oral exposures to animals. Very few percutaneous and no inhalation exposure data are available in the literature. There is a wide range of difference in sensitivity to PCDD lethality in animals. The signs and symptoms of poisoning with chemicals contaminated with TCDD in humans are analogous to those observed in animals. Dioxin exposures to humans are associated with increased risk of severe skin lesions such as chloracne and hyperpigmentation, altered liver function and lipid metabolism, general weakness associated with drastic weight loss, changes in activities of various liver enzymes, depression of the immune system, and endocrine- and nervous-system abnormalities. It is a potent teratogenic and fetotoxic chemical in animals. A very potent promoter in rat liver carcinogenesis, TCDD also causes cancers of the liver and other organs in animals. Populations occupationally or accidentally exposed to chemicals contaminated with dioxin have increased incidences of soft-tissue sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. No comprehensive studies have been conducted to determine any health impact to the general population from environmental exposure to PCDDs. This paper presents a brief review of relevant animal and human data for projecting any possible health effects from environmental exposures to PCDDs.
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PMID:Health impact of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: a critical review. 951 23

In two separate lymphoma populations, we examined immune reconstitution following high dose chemotherapy (HDT) and bone marrow transplantation (BMT). In the first study we followed immune reconstitution for one year after HDT and BMT. In the second study we examined the ability of the orally active immunomodulator, Bestatin to augment immune reconstitution following HDT and BMT. The studies on immune reconstitution following HDT and BMT were undertaken in a cohort of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients (n = 35) and examined the peripheral blood (PB) leukocyte subsets and their in vitro functions. Our results demonstrate that monocyte and natural killer (NK) cell engraftment occurred more rapidly then did T cell reconstitution. We also observed a significant decrease in the CD4:CD8 ratio post-transplantation as compared to normal PB donors due to a decrease in CD4+ cells. In addition, following HDT and BMT, measures of T cell function (phytohemagglutinin [PHA] mitogenesis) and T helper cell activity (pokeweed mitogen [PWM] mitogenesis) were consistently depressed as compared to cells from normal PB. Further, we demonstrate a correlation between the loss of T cell function and the frequency of circulating monocytes, suggesting a cause-effect relationship. Despite the dysfunction in T cells following HDT and BMT, immune-modulating agents can still augment the immune function. One such drug is Bestatin (ubenimex), an inhibitor of aminopeptidase (AP) that binds to CD13 on macrophage/monocytes. To examine its immune modulatory activity after HDT and BMT, a dose finding (10, 30, 90 and 180 mg/day) phase Ib trial was conducted with 30 Hodgkin's disease (HD) and NHL patients who received no drug (control), or Bestatin daily for 60 days following BMT. In these studies, Bestatin administration was initiated when the absolute neutrophil count was greater than 250/mm3 on two consecutive days. These studies revealed that Bestatin significantly increased the PHA and PWM responses in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a significant increase in NK cells (CD56+), B cells (CD19+), as well as the CD4:CD8 cell ratio. The latter observation was associated largely with a depression in the percent of CD8+ T cells as opposed to an increase in CD4+ T cells. We conclude that despite the peripheral tolerance observed following HDT and BMT, Bestatin could significantly increase some, but not all, immune surrogates.
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PMID:Partial review of immunotherapeutic pharmacology in stem cell transplantation. 1075 81

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, anxiety, and depression in patients with hematological malignancies, and to investigate the possible relationship between these symptoms and variables such as demographic data, social support, and quality of life (QOL). We studied 107 patients: 54 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 18 acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML), 10 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), and 25 multiple myeloma (MM). Demographic data were collected, and three standardized instruments were applied to this group of patients: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Impact of Event Scale (IES), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 questionnaire of QOL. The results showed a significant percentage of patients presenting with symptoms: 13% had high levels of intrusive thoughts, 20.5% had high levels of anxiety, and 16.8% had high levels of depression. Patients with MM had the lowest QOL scores in the EORTC physical functioning subscale. Patients under intravenous chemotherapy treatment had a higher level of anxiety than the monitoring patients. Patients with recent diagnosis had a level of intrusion symptoms (IES) relevantly higher than the others. The unemployed patients and those with lower social support had levels of stress, anxiety, and depression significantly higher than the others. Our results confirm the high incidence of intrusion, avoidance, anxiety, and depression in patients with hematological malignancies and highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary staff to complement the treatment of these patients, including psychosocial assistance.
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PMID:Psychosocial adaptation and quality of life among Brazilian patients with different hematological malignancies. 1665 May 91

Malignant histiocytosis (MH) is a progressive systemic neoplastic proliferation of morphologically atypical histiocytes, well characterised in humans and dogs but only recently identified in the cat. In all species, liver, lung, lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow are infiltrated by atypical histiocytes, and the disease is rapidly fatal. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings of MH in a cat, together with the diagnostic work-up and a list of differential diagnoses. Clinical evaluation included a complete blood-cell count, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, serology and ultrasound examination. The cat had clinical signs of depression, thinness, dehydration, pale mucous membranes and tachycardia. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed generalised splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. Necroscopy showed whitish nodules, randomly scattered throughout the parenchyma in the spleen and liver. The periportal lymph nodes were greatly enlarged and the cut surface was uniformly greyish-white and translucent. Histological examination revealed pleomorphic proliferation of large round tumour cells, with numerous phagocytic vacuoles containing erytrocytes, leukocytes and haemosiderin. By immunohistochemistry, positivity for lysozyme and alpha1-antitrypsin and a scattered positivity for Mac 387 were observed. Ultrastructural features of tumour cells included cytoplasmic lipid droplets, lysosomes and phagolysosomes. MH in the cat needs to be differentiated from diffuse granulomatous disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's-like disease. The morphological features of the tumour cells, combined with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observation, are consistent with a diagnosis of MH in the cat.
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PMID:Morphological characterisation of malignant histiocytosis in a cat. 1908 73


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