Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

C57BL/6 mice chronically infected with the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani exhibit profoundly depressed splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity as measured by in vitro cytolysis of lymphoma target cells. Injection of infected mice with an interferon (IFN) inducer or in vitro treatment of infected splenocytes with IFN, a phorbol ester, or indomethacin failed to restore their NK activity to the degree shown by age-matched, uninfected mice. Fractionation of infected splenocytes by nylon wool, Sephadex G-10, or carbonyl iron and magnetism treatments was also unable to effect an increase in NK activity. Addition of infected splenocytes to uninfected ones in in vitro NK assays suppressed the NK activity of the latter, and the suppression could be partially or wholly abrogated by prior fractionation of infected splenocytes by the methods noted above. In vitro treatment of infected splenocytes with concanavalin A revealed the presence of NK activity in these cell populations. The results indicate that splenocytes in L. donovani-infected mice become insensitive to IFN stimulation; and the impairment of another, possibly IFN-independent pathway of NK-cell activation may also contribute to the observed L. donovani-induced depression in splenic NK activity in C57BL/6 mice.
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PMID:Mechanisms of depression of splenic natural killer cell function in C57BL/6 mice infected with Leishmania donovani. 620 73

To determine if repeated courses of high-dose prednisone given to patients with lymphoma as part of multiple-drug chemotherapy programs would lead to progressive adrenal suppression, serial cosyntropin stimulation tests were performed. Four patients with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (group 1) received prednisone for 5 days every 3 weeks for five courses, and five patients with Hodgkin's disease (group 2) received prednisone for 14 days every 4 weeks for six courses. Testing was done on Day 1 of each treatment course prior to the administration of therapy and after the final course of chemotherapy. In group 1 patients, there was no evidence of adrenal suppression after any of the courses of prednisone. The plasma cortisol increments after cosyntropin injection were also normal. In the group 2 patients, significant depression of basal plasma cortisol concentrations was observed after the first and fifth courses of prednisone, compared to the pretreatment values. The depression reflected the previous course of prednisone administration only and was not progressive with subsequent courses. The plasma cortisol increments after cosyntropin injection were normal despite depressed basal plasma cortisol levels.
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PMID:Adrenal response to serial cosyntropin stimulation after repeated high-dose prednisone administration in patients with lymphoma. 626 81

A total of 117 cases with hematological malignancies were treated with MCNU at doses of 70-100 mg/m2. Following are the results obtained. 1. MCNU showed a marked depression of cells in the cases with CML, polycythemia vera and thrombocythemia. The low level of cells was maintained for 2 to 7 months. 2. A good response was observed in several cases with blastic crises of CML. 3. No response was observed in two cases with acute leukemia. 4. Although a fair response was observed in several cases with malignant lymphoma or multiple myeloma, moderate bone marrow suppression was observed in a majority of the cases.
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PMID:[Phase II study with methyl-6[[[2-chloroethyl) nitrosoamino] carbonyl] amino]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU) in hematological malignancies]. 634 81

Administration of a single dose of C. parvum (CP) induces depression of splenic NK activity in mice after a lag period of 3-5 days and this depression lasts about 2 weeks. The depressed levels of NK activity noted in this study depended on time of CP administration and were associated with the induction of suppressor cell activity. Neonatally thymectomized or sublethally irradiated mice had unimpaired ability to generate suppressor cells following CP treatment. Depletion of adherent/phagocytic cells by carbonyl iron plus magnetism, Sephadex G-10 filtration, or both neither enriched NK activity nor removed suppressor activity from the spleens of CP-treated mice. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against lymphoma targets was also depressed in CP-treated mice, accompanied by a concomitant appearance of suppressor cells that interfere with ADCC at the effector level.
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PMID:Cellular suppression of murine ADCC and NK activities induced by Corynebacterium parvum. 634 62

Between October, 1978 and June, 1979, nine patients with biopsy-proven cutaneous T-Cell lymphoma were treated with combined total-skin electron beam radiation (TSEB) and topical chemotherapy. TSEB was administered using 3.8 MeV electron and dual exposure technique. All patients received skin dose of 400 rad once weekly to a total dose of 2000 to 2400 rad followed by topical chemotherapy with mechlorethamine hydrochloride (HN2) two to four weeks after completion of radiation. A complete response followed TSEB in seven of nine patients, but a relapse of disease activity has subsequently occurred within the first year for all the patients despite adjunct therapy, except for one patient who remains disease free for more than 21 months. Generalized severe erythema developed during or shortly after completion of radiation in six of nine patients, with blistering at the overlapping treatment fields and body folds in four patients. In addition four patients developed diffuse permanent telangiectasia of skin and one patient developed linear sclerosis, telangiectasis and painful ischemic ulceration on the fingertips two years after completion of electron beam therapy. Most patients had evidence of mild depression of lymphocyte responsiveness to Phytohemagglutinin after TSEB. Our conclusion is that the short-term benefits and convenience of this particular technique do not justify the acute and chronic toxicity encountered.
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PMID:Combined moderate dose electron beam radiotherapy and topical chemotherapy for cutaneous T-Cell lymphoma. 640 98

In a recently studied series of 12 patients with intracerebral lymphoma deposits, the following are noteworthy: Although most intracerebral lymphoma deposits are dramatically and homogenously enhanced on CT brain scan, this is not always the case; two patients with apparently necrotic centers are presented. Subtraction of enhanced CT brain scanning cuts before and after radiotherapy allow a quantitation of tumor response. The apparent paradox of deficient lymphoma deposit angiogenesis on angiography and good enhancement on CT scan was probed by positron emission tomography (ECAT) in the only patient who did not have a confounding prior craniotomy. ECAT and histopathological examination suggest that the microvasculature of intracerebral lymphoma deposits is rich. The ECAT data demonstrated that regional tumor blood flow was comparable to that in grey matter, but tumor oxygen metabolism was intermediate between grey and white matter. The interesting observation of coupled depression of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in the cerebrum overlying the tumor and its surrounding edema is discussed. A protracted radiotherapy prescription (with daily fractions of 175 cGy) is favored.
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PMID:Intracerebral lymphoma deposits: investigation and treatment. 642

In vitro and in vivo studies utilizing a combination of leukocyte interferon-alpha (IFN) and chlorambucil (CLB) were done to investigate possible synergism between a biological response modifier and a chemotherapy drug. In vitro studies utilized a human myeloid leukemia cell line (K-562) pretreated with IFN and then exposed to CLB. The combination resulted in significant depression of cell growth compared with use of IFN or CLB alone. In vivo studies involved eight heavily pretreated patients given 6 million units IFN for 5 days followed by oral CLB (16 mg/m2) for 5 days repeated every 4 weeks. Three myeloma patients had reduction in immunoglobulins and experienced clinical responses. Three of four patients with Hodgkin's disease responded after relatively short periods of treatment. One patient with a diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma had a complete unmaintained remission lasting 6 months. Toxicity was minimal, with mild fever, nausea, and vomiting. These preliminary studies suggest that IFN may be a biological response modifier when used in combination with a cytotoxic agent.
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PMID:Leukocyte interferon as a possible biological response modifier in lymphoproliferative disorders resistant to standard therapy. 651 61

"Cancer" refers to carcinoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, and leukemia. Hans Selye, with his stress-adaptation theory, opened the door for the holistic conceptualization of disease. Gotthard Booth laid a solid basis for the demonstration of an often important psychobiological (holistic) aspect of cancer, and also an overall theory of spontaneous regression. Booth was also a leader in demonstrating that severe masked depression generally long precedes cancer. Sir MacFarlane Burnet demonstrated in 1970 in Immunological Surveillance the enormous power and complexity of the cellular immune system, which apparently carries out surveillance against, detects, invades, and destroys many cancer cells daily in the normal human body. Cancer is thus far from a one-way process. The connection of the defensive process to the cerebral cortex is largely a discovery attributable to Selye, and to several Russian scientists. The course and outcome of cancer are notoriously unpredictable when age, sex, and lesion and spread are known. Two surgeons, Everson and Cole, in 1966 thoroughly documented 176 cases (previously published) of histologically proven untreated cancer which underwent proven so-called spontaneous regression. Several investigators, without known contradiction, have found that depression quite regularly long precedes cancer. "Spontaneous" regressions are basic.
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PMID:Psychophysiological aspects of cancer. 652 66

Serious infections, neoplasms, and immunologic abnormalities have been found in homosexual men. We describe the development of malignant lymphoma in six such patients, three of whom had persistent, generalized lymphadenopathy. In biopsies done before the lymphoma developed, the lymphadenopathy was characterized morphologically by a distinctive pattern of B-cell follicular hyperplasia. All lymphomas were of B-lymphocytic origin, including B-cell immunoblastic sarcoma; small noncleaved, Burkitt-like lymphoma; and plasmacytoid lymphocytic lymphoma. Extranodal presentation with B symptoms occurred in five patients. Median age of our patients was 33 years. Three patients had histories of repeated systemic infections. The peripheral blood lymphocyte count was depressed in four, with depression of OKT 4+ (helper phenotype) cell levels and reversal of the T-helper: T-suppressor ratio in all. We conclude that these patients are at risk for the development of abnormalities of the B-lymphocytic system, manifested by abnormal hyper-B-cell response in enlarged reactive lymph nodes and aggressive, extranodal B-cell lymphomas.
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PMID:Development of B-cell lymphoma in homosexual men. Clinical and immunologic findings. 660 7

Experiments in vivo were made to examine the action of hydrazine sulfate on the gluconeogenesis in the liver and kidneys of rats with Zajdela's hepatoma and mice with lymphoma NK/Ly. The intensity of the gluconeogenesis in the liver descended and in the kidneys increased. These alterations did not affect blood glucose content in the test animals. The data obtained do not support the hypothesis that the mechanism of hydrazine sulfate action by an abrupt depression of the gluconeogenesis during malignant growth is the sole mechanism.
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PMID:[Gluconeogenesis during therapy of experimental tumors with hydrazine sulfate]. 669 28


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