Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a chronic illness that challenges the coping ability of patients and their families, demanding behavioral and emotional lifestyle changes. The purposes of this comparative descriptive study were to explore the anxiety, depression, and psychosocial adjustment of male patients on three types of dialysis--home hemodialysis (home HD), in-center hemodialysis (in-center HD), and peritoneal dialysis (PD)--and to identify perception of hemodialysis stressors for those on home HD and in-center HD. Five subjects in each of the three groups (N = 15), matched for age, gender, education, and dialysis type, participated in the study. Although the convenience sample size is too small to generalize, subjects on home HD demonstrated higher psychosocial adjustment. The study supports further research with larger, randomized samples. Information about psychosocial adjustment of patients on each type of dialysis provides information for nurses as they guide patients in choosing dialysis type.
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PMID:Psychosocial adjustment of males on three types of dialysis. 952 14

The goal of the present study was to assess the psychological functioning level and the relationship between psychosocial variables and psychological functioning and social support buffering effects among a population of outpatients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). The Beck Depression Inventory, Illness Effects Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Social Support, and Satisfaction With Life Scale were administered to 50 patients with CRI. The patients' nephrologist provided a Karnofsky scale rating to assess physical functioning. Sample scores were also compared for descriptive purposes to a previously reported sample of patients with more advanced disease and chronic renal failure (CRF), and a population of patients who had just started hemodialysis therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Patients with CRI are minimally depressed and perceive few negative illness effects. Satisfaction with life and cognitive depression scores were similar among the patients with CRI, CRF, and ESRD. Within the CRI sample, perception of illness, depression, and quality of life were significantly intercorrelated, indicating an emerging pattern of negative psychological reactions among some patients. Level of perceived social support was not correlated with other study variables. The mean level of perceived social support was lower among patients with CRI than in patients with ESRD. We conclude that even though most adjustment variables are in normal ranges, higher negative perception of illness is associated with higher depression scores and lower quality of life, even at this early stage of CRI. Additionally, social support may play an important role for those individuals beginning to experience a decline in renal functioning.
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PMID:Quality of life and psychosocial relationships in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. 977 15

Patient-controlled sedation (PCS) using propofol under spinal anesthesia in transurethral lithotripsy was carried out in a 44 year old patient with von Gierke disease accompanied with liver dysfunction, chronic renal failure, hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis. After administering spinal anesthesia PCS was started (0.2 mg.kg-1 intravenous bolus dose of propofol; infusion at 2 mg.kg-1.h-1; a three-minute lockout time interval following an initial doses of 0.4 mg.kg-1). PCS with propofol, throughout the operation, brought about adequate sedation level for this patient with 2 or 3 on Wilson's sedation score, and the sedative effect by propofol diminished quickly within 15 minutes after the end of PCS. In addition, respiratory depression due to this sedation which would be worse in acidotic condition was not seen using PCS during the operation. This patient was much satisfied with this sedation in an interview during the postoperative period. PCS using propofol is a useful method without respiratory depression for a patient with von Gierke disease.
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PMID:[Patient-controlled sedation using propofol for a patient with von Gierke disease]. 978 87

Two cases are reported, illustrating the antemortem diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis in Siamese cats. A cat presenting with inappetence and depression was diagnosed as having systemic amyloidosis with spontaneous haemorrhage from the liver. In another cat from the same breeding cattery, chronic renal failure due to systemic amyloidosis was an incidental finding. Little treatment was possible in either case and both were later euthanased. The two cats had similar renal and hepatic pathology but different signs of disease.
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PMID:Generalised amyloidosis in two Siamese cats: spontaneous liver haemorrhage and chronic renal failure. 979 32

Recent advances in nutritional and biochemical research have documented inositol as an important dietary and cellular constituent. The processes involved in inositol metabolism and its derivatives in the tissues of mammals have been characterized in vivo as well as at the enzymatic level. Biochemical functions defined for phosphatidylinositol in biological membranes include the regulation of cellular responses to external stimuli and/or nerve transmission as well as the mediation of enzyme activity through interactions with various specific proteins. Altered production of inositol has been documented in patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, galactosemia, and multiple sclerosis. Inositol has been reported to be effective in treating central nervous system disorders such as depression, Alzheimer's disease, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It has documented benefit for use in pediatric respiratory depression syndrome. In addition, recent studies have evaluated its usefulness as an analgesic. Inositol has been studied extensively as potential treatment to alleviate some negative effects associated with lithium therapy. The use of inositol in pregnant women remains controversial. Although its benefit in preventing neural tube defects in embryonic mice is documented, the risk of inducing uterine contractions limits its usefulness in pregnancy.
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PMID:Inositol--clinical applications for exogenous use. 985 68

A 65 year-old male with HCM had progressively increased pericardial effusion. He also had atrial fibrillation (af), cardiac systolic dysfunction and chronic renal failure needing hemofiltration. Pericardial fenestration was carried out to improve diastolic function. Anesthetic management with fentanyl plus low-dose propofol infusion and postoperative analgesia with epidural morphine were effective for hemodynamic stability to prevent myocardial depression and to control ventricular response to atrial fibrillation. Intraoperative trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE) monitoring was very useful for fluid therapy, inotropic support and estimation of systolic and diastolic function.
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PMID:[Anesthetic management for pericardial fenestration in a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patient with massive pericardial effusion]. 1008 23

Receptor binding, behavioral, and electrophysiological profiles of 2-[N-(2-methylthio-4-isopropylphenyl)-N-ethylamino]-4-[4-(3-flu orophe nyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine (CRA1000) and 2-[N-(2-bromo-4-isopropylphenyl)-N-ethylamino]-4-[4-(3-fluoropheny l)- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine (CRA1001), putative novel and selective antagonists for corticotropin-releasing factor1 (CRF1) receptor were examined. Both CRA1000 and CRA1001 inhibited 125I-ovine CRF binding to membranes of rat frontal cortex with IC50 values of 20.6 and 22.3 nM, respectively. Likewise, CRA1000 and CRA1001 inhibited 125I-ovine CRF binding to membranes of rat pituitary. In contrast, both CRA1000 and CRA1001 were without affinity for the CRF2beta receptor when examined using rat heart. In mice orally administered CRA1000 and CRA1001 reversed the swim stress-induced reduction of the time spent in the light area in the light/dark exploration task. In nonstress conditions, CRA1000 and CRA1001 were without effect on the time spent in the light area in the same task in mice. Orally administered CRA1000 and CRA1001 dose dependently reversed the effects of i.c.v. infusion of CRF on time spent in the open arms in the elevated plus-maze in rats. Lesioning of olfactory bulbs induced hyperemotionality, and this effect was inhibited by either acute or chronic oral administration of CRA1000 and CRA1001 in rats. The firing rate of locus coeruleus neurons was increased by i.c.v.-infused CRF. This excitation of locus coeruleus neurons was significantly blocked by pretreatment with i.v. administration of CRA1000 and CRA1001. CRA1000 and CRA1001 had no effects on the hexobarbital-induced anesthesia in mice, the rotarod test in mice, the spontaneous locomotor activity in mice, and a passive avoidance task in rats. These observations indicate that both CRA1000 and CRA1001 are selective and competitive CRF1 receptor antagonists with potent anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like properties in various experimental animal models, perhaps through inhibition of CRF1 receptors. CRA1000 and CRA1001 may prove effective for treating subjects with depression- and/or anxiety-related disorders without the side effects seen in the related currently prescribed medications.
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PMID:Receptor binding, behavioral, and electrophysiological profiles of nonpeptide corticotropin-releasing factor subtype 1 receptor antagonists CRA1000 and CRA1001. 1021 72

Respiratory depression secondary to morphine intoxication occurred in an elderly patient with chronic renal failure (CRF). It was reversed with a continuous infusion of naloxone. Approximately 11 hours after the infusion was discontinued, the patient relapsed into respiratory depression consistent with opioid intoxication. He was rechallenged with a naloxone infusion with resolution of the opioid effects. This case suggests prolonged antagonism of opioid effects inconsistent with naloxone's reported pharmacologic effects. Serum naloxone concentrations measured after the end of the infusion suggest that the drug's pharmacokinetics were significantly altered. Further research is necessary to characterize pharmacokinetic changes that occur in CRF. In the absence of this information, similar patients should be closely monitored for relapse of respiratory depression after naloxone is discontinued.
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PMID:Prolonged opioid antagonism with naloxone in chronic renal failure. 1041 42

Mice with transgenic expression or deletion of the CRF peptide, transgenic expression of the CRF-BP or deletion of specific CRF receptor subtypes exist and will be valuable for examining candidate mediators in animal model systems recapitulating a variety of normal function. In particular, results described in this review implicate CRF in acute emotional responses studied in animal models of anxiety and drug abstinence. CRF also appears to play a role in behavioral and physiological plasticity judging by alterations in HPA reactivity to stress, information processing and energy balance regulation in CRF mutant models. Accordingly, the creation of genetically engineered mice now permits the evaluation of contributory roles for several CRF-related gene products in the pathophysiology of a variety of complex behavioral disorders. For example, the postulated causal linkage between overactivation of CRF systems and the hyper-emotionality which characterizes human affective disorders can now be more thoroughly evaluated by examining the phenotype of CRF mutant mice in animal models of depression, dementia and substance abuse.
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PMID:Understanding corticotropin releasing factor neurobiology: contributions from mutant mice. 1065 65

The first three decades of the ESRD program were devoted to extending patient survival. Few data have been generated regarding the factors associated with successful patient adjustment. Depression and perception of the effects of illness are important responses to the experience of ESRD and may be associated with differential survival. Perception and extent of social support can moderate these factors. The association of psychosocial factors and assessments of quality of life are incompletely understood and are topics of research interest. The role of variation in socioeconomic status in association with these factors has not been extensively studied. The challenges for the next 30 years include understanding the relationship of psychosocial factors to demographic and medical factors in large ESRD patient populations and the refinement of associations between psychosocial factors and patient outcomes, including adjustment, compliance, morbidity, and mortality.
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PMID:Psychosocial factors in adult end-stage renal disease patients treated with hemodialysis: correlates and outcomes. 1076 11


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