Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mice infected neonatally with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) developed partial and complete resitance to cerebral superinfection with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TEV) in 10 and 20 days after birth, respectively. This resistance lasted at least till the age of 40 days. LCMV tolerant mice neither succumbed to TEV infection, nor circulated TEV in their blood. Moderate, gradually decreasing TEV titres were detected in the brains and TEV-induced brain interferon was lower than in control mice of the same age. TEV superinfection caused a significant depression of the blood titre of tolerated LCMV while the titres in the brains remained equal to those in tolerant but not superinfected mice. LCMV tolerant mice showed a similar resistance to another togavirus (chikungunya) but not to encephalitogenic picorna-, herpes- and rhabdoviruses.
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PMID:Selective resistance to togaviral superinfection in mice with tolerant lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. 4 97

Interaction of staphylococcal protein A (SPA) with human serum depressed the ability of such serum to neutralize herpes simpled virus (HSV)-antibody labialis. SPA-induced depression of serum-dependent virus neutralization appeared to be due to consumption of complement by SPA. In addition, SPA attached to antibody-treated, HSV-infected cells and inhibited complement mediated immune cytolysis. The amount of inhibition obtained depended upon the with the infected cells. The possible significance of SPA in the pathogenesis of viral disease complicated by secondary staphylococcal infection is discussed.
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PMID:Effect of staphylococcal protein A on complement-potentiated neutralization of herpes simplex virus and immune lysis of virus-infected cells. 17 47

A 62-year-old woman developed neurologic deficits 7 months after pulmonary lobectomy for alveolar cell carcinoma of the lung. CT scan of the head demonstrated two metastases with marked peritumoral edema. Administration of Decadron, chemotherapy and 3,000 rad cranial radiation resulted in dramatic improvement of dysphasia and right hand paresis. Almost 2 months later, rhythmic, involuntary movements of the left hand developed. There was progression to multifocal seizures, grand mal seizures, postictal depression, status epilepticus, and coma, with death 9 days after onset of the movement disorder. Bronchoalveolar carcinoma was widely disseminated in lungs and bones, and as three metastases in brain. Bland "ischemic" necrosis in a pseudolaminar pattern was present in the neocortex. Innumerable Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusion bodies were seen in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodenodroglia. Immunofluorescence demonstrated Herpes simplex virus type 2 antigen and electron microscopy revealed virions with the morphology of the Herpes group. The case is significant for (1) the concurrence of intracranial metastases and Herpes simplex encephalitis, and (2) the causal agent, Herpes simplex virus type 2. The implication for the clinical neurocientist is the potential in a patient with systemic cancer, for the causation of neurologic complications by more than one factor or mechanism.
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PMID:Herpes simplex type 2 encephalitis concurrent with known cerebral metastases. 22 22

Malnourished children in the north of Nigeria who had had a severe attack of measles were prone to deep ulcers of the mouth and eyes. Herpes simplex virus was isolated from 17 of 25 of the mouth ulcers which were erosive, slow to heal and caused much suffering and loss of weight. Herpes virus was also identified, either by immunofluorescent staining or viral culture, in the corneal scrapings of the eye ulcers from 16 of 34 children. These ulcers healed slowly in two to six weeks leaving damaging scars which impaired vision and caused blindness in some cases. It is suggested that measles leads to profound depression of cell mediated immunity in malnourished children with the consequence that secondary herpes simplex infections become abnormally severe and erosive.
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PMID:Severe ulcerative herpes of mouth and eye following measles. 44 84

Fifteen patients with chronic hepatitis B were treated with adenine arabinoside (Ara-A) or human leukocyte interferon (HLI). Cellular immune response to hepatitis B virus surface antigen and antigens prepared from herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus was measured by a lymphocyte blast transformation assay and an assay for interferon production. Measurements were made before, during, and after antiviral treatment. Unlike patients convalescing from acute hepatitis B, only 2 of 15 patients with chronic hepatitis B had significant blast transformation to hepatitis B surface antigen. One such response occurred during the pretreatment period of HLI therapy, and the other was in a patient undergoing low-dose (<10(5) U/kg per day) HLI therapy. Mononuclear cell cultures were tested for interferon production in the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen. Cells from only 1 of 15 patients produced detectable levels of interferon. In contrast, all of these patients had normal cellular immune responses to herpesvirus antigens. Transformation responses to herpes antigens decreased three- to fivefold after patients were treated with >10(5) U of HLI per kg per day. Antiviral therapy with <10(5) U of HLI per kg per day or Ara-A did not produce a detectable depression of transformation response. Ara-A produced marked lymphocytopenia and a marked lymphocyte fragility after 5 or more days of therapy. In vitro Ara-A was toxic to lymphocytes at concentrations as low as 0.5 mug/ml. These changes in lymphocyte parameters may affect the outcome of antiviral therapy.
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PMID:Effects of interferon and adenine arabinoside treatment of hepatitis B virus infection on cellular immune responses. 53 59

Selected case histories indicate that there is good evidence that atopic disease is associated with severe primary and recurrent ocular herpes. The salient features of the syndrome are that the disease is often bilateral, that recurrences are more frequent, and that the corneal epithelium is often slow to regenerate after disease. Therapeutic difficulties may be encountered because atopic eye disease requires anti-inflammatory therapy which is contraindicated in epithelial herpes. Keratoplasty in herpetic disease in the presence of vascularization or atopic eye disease should be avoided, as an augmented homograft reaction is also an occasional complication. Screening of patients for serum immunoglobulins and cellular immunity using in vitro lymphocyte transformation and macrophage migration inhibition tests, failed to reveal any group evidence of immune deficit, but there was evidence of this in some individuals. The most serious management problems occurred in the presence of raised IgE levels. In a group of patients with keratoconus, IgE was raised in 17 per cent, and there was a depression of IgA in 8 per cent. A knowledge of the serum innumoglobulin levels can be of help in the management of the keratoconus patient in the postoperative period after keratoplasty.
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PMID:Herpes simplex keratitis and keratoconus in the atopic patient. A clinical and immunological study. 77 99

The authors report a new case of the association Hodgkin's disease and Kaposi's sarcoma. A woman of North African origin and suffering from mediastinal Hodgkin's disease developed, after the commencement of polychemotherapy with radiotherapy, Kaposi's cutaneous sarcoma, typical, clinically, histologically and by electron microscopy. In the light of this new case, the authors review 41 cases of the Hodgkin-Kaposi association found in the literature and discuss the inter-relations between Kaposi's sarcoma and diseases of the haemoreticular system, in particular carcinomas, immuno-depressive states (notably in association with renal transplants) and virus disorders (essentially herpes). It might be possible to incriminate in the aetiology of Kaposi's disease a carcinogenetic process of viral origin during a state of immuno-depression.
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PMID:[Association of Kaposi's sarcoma and Hodgkin's disease]. 101 98

In vitro lymphocyte blastogenic responses to the commonly employed mitogens, phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed, and concanavalin A, were evaluated when adenine arabinoside (ara-A) in a concentration of 3 mug/ml was added to the culture materials. Similarly, blastogenic and cytotoxic responses to cell cultures persistently infected with herpes simplex virus 1, herpes simplex virus 2, and varicella-zoster virus were determined in the presence of ara-A. No depression of these cellular immune responses by ara-A was demonstrated. This was in contrast to the effect of cytosine arabinoside, which at a concentration of 3 mug/ml severely inhibited these immune responses. Further studies examined lymphocyte blastogenic responses to the mitogens and blastogenic and cytotoxic responses specific for the herpes group virus infecting patients who were subsequently treated with ara-A; determinations were made before, during, and after treatment. In vitro responses during and after treatment with ara-A were unchanged or often enhanced as compared to pretreatment values. Therefore, the antiviral chemotherapeutic agent, ara-A, does not appear to depress the host's cellular immune responses, which are vital to successful elimination of invading herpes group viruses.
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PMID:Effects of adenine arabinoside on cellular immune mechanisms in humans. 113 71

Four foals were raised under specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions. At 3 to 4 months of age, SPF foals and 1 other non-SPF foal were intranasally inoculated with equine herpes virus type 1 (EHV-1). Clinical signs included depression, fever, inappetence and intermittent coughing. Clinical recovery was complete by seven days but high titres of virus were detected in nasal mucus for at least 10 days after inoculation. Clinical illness was less severe in the non-SPF foal. Interferon was detected in the nasal mucus of all foals from 2 days post infection (dpi), persisting until 8 or 10 dpi. ELISA antibody was detected in serum from 6 dpi. Titres continued to rise throughout the period of observation, and were slightly stimulated by re-inoculation. EHV antibody, identified as belonging to the IgM class by the double sandwich ELISA, was detected from 6 dpi. Peak IgM titres were observed between day 10 and 18, declining to base levels by day 42. Virus neutralizing antibody was detectable in serum from day 14 and rises in titre were parallel to that of total ELISA antibody. Cellular immunity in EHV-1 infected SPF horses was examined by the antibody dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) test and the specific lymphocyte transformation test. The ability of foal neutrophils to effect ADCC decreased significantly between 3 to 10 days after inoculation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) displayed reactivity towards EHV-1 antigens from about day 14, with maximum stimulation indices being obtained between 28 and 42 dpi.
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PMID:Immune responses of specific pathogen free foals to EHV-1 infection. 128 Aug 76

Cattle were immunized with glycoprotein IV (gIV) from bovine herpes virus-1 (BHV-1). Groups of five animals were then given either 2, 3, 4, or 5 doses of interleukin-2 (IL-2) (0.5 microgram/kg) at 12-hr intervals. Animals that received no IL-2 exhibited specific immune responses that are typical for BHV-1 infection, i.e. enhanced specific cytotoxicity, lymphocyte proliferative responses to gIV, and increased gIV-specific (ELISA) and virus-neutralizing antibodies. Treatment of animals with five doses of IL-2 significantly augmented all of these responses except serum neutralization (P less than 0.05). Furthermore, the dose of IL-2 that was selected did not induce any non-specific responses, i.e. hypergamma-globulinaemia, changes in blood chemistry, increased lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity, changes in mitogen responsiveness or alterations in the phenotypic profile of circulating lymphocytes. Nor were there any clinical changes associated with IL-2 therapy (e.g. depression, pyrexia, diarrhea). Animals that were treated with less than five doses of IL-2 also exhibited elevated immune responses, but they were not significantly different from untreated immunized controls. Interestingly, animals given five doses of IL-2 responded to minor contaminants present in the gIV preparation. This allows speculation that this dose regimen of IL-2 is not only a potent adjuvant for conventional vaccine immunizing doses, but will also allow the use of minute quantities of antigen for immunization.
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PMID:Immunopotentiation of bovine herpes virus subunit vaccination by interleukin-2. 166 77


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