Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Histamine release from leucocytes was demonstrated in grass pollen hay fever patients on in vitro challenge with extract of Pleum pratense (timothy). No release was found in persons without a history of grass pollen allergy. During preseasonal hyposensitization the following tendencies were found in cell sensitivity to allergen as well as in specific IgE antibody level of serum: an initial increase at the beginning of the therapy followed by a decrease during the pollen season. This is in contrast to untreated hay fever patients in whom an increase or no change at all of cell sensitivity and specific IgE was observed in the pollen season. Immunotherapy, therefore, can prevent such an increase in the pollen season. The mechanism might be due to a depression of the IgE production. In untreated as well as in treated patients the cell sensitivity was found to be significantly correlated to the grass specific IgE determined by RAST but not to the total serum level of IgE estimated by RIST. It seems likely that the sensitivity would be useful for evaluating the degree of allergy in grass pollen hay fever patients treated or not treated with immunotherapy.
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PMID:Basophil histamine release in patients with hay fever. Results compared with specific IgE and total IgE during immunotherapy. 6 13

Reaginic antibodies in hay fever patients belong to IgE. The immunoglobulin sensitizes basophilic granulocytes and mast cells from homologous species and mediates the release of chemical mediators which cause allergic symptoms. The sensitization is due to the binding of IgE to receptors on the target cells through the Fc portion of the molecules. High affinity of the molecules for the receptor is responsible for the biologic activity of IgE antibodies and for the persistence of sensitization with the antibodies. The initial step of the reaginic hypersensitivity reactions is bridging of cell-bound IgE antibody molecules by a multivalent antigen. Since IgE is firmly bound with receptors, cross-linkage of IgE molecules will cause a disturbance of membrane structure and/or interaction between receptor molecules at the cell membrane, which will activate membrane-associated enzymes. It appears that the activation of sequences of enzymes will lead to the release of chemical mediators from the cells. In view of the role of IgE antibodies in allergic diseases such as hay fever, attempts were made to depress the IgE antibody response to allergen. A experimental model in the mouse indicated that the generation of antigen-specific suppressor T cells is involved in the depression of IgE antibody formation by immunotherapy.
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PMID:Mechanisms of reaginic hypersensitivity and immunotherapy. 35

Reaginic antibodies belong to IgE, which represents a distinct immunoglobulin class. Human IgE binds with basophil granulocytes and mast cells through the Fc portion of the molecules and mediates the release of chemical mediators that cause allergic symptoms. The initial step of the reaginic hypersensitivity reaction is probably the bridging of cell-bound IgE antibody by antigen. The reaction appears to initiate enzymatic sequences that lead to the release of chemical mediators. Measurement by radioimmunoassay of IgE and IgG antibodies in ragweed-sensitive hay fever patients has revealed immunologic effects of hyposensitization treatment. Experimental models for the immunotherapy in inbred mice strongly suggest that the major immunological effect would be depression of helper function of antigen-specific T cells. The results suggest logical approaches to improve the effect of the treatment.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin E. Current status and clinical laboratory applications. 77 39

Three cases are described showing a seasonal exacerbation of their nephrotic syndrome in association with an atopic trait and grass pollen allergy. The first patient has a history of four consecutive seasonal relapses each requiring steroid therapy. Following a course of desensitization injections he has now been free of relapse for 3 consecutive years. The second patient has also had a recurrent steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome often associated with the pollen season and allergic rhinitis. In this patient a course of cyclophosphamide has reduced his tendency to relapse. The third patient who has been on continuous prednisone therapy shows a seasonal increase in proteinuria. Serum changes in the first two patients include: a seasonal rise in total and grass pollen specific IgE; the continued presence of grass pollen specific IgG throughout the year but with a reduction during the pollen season in association with a more pronounced fall in the total IgG level; a depression in the C3 level in association with each major relapse; a mild rise in the I-K titre and a positive result in the Clq test for circulating complexes. A renal biopsy performed on the first patient when in relapse showed minor histological changes only and IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE, C3 and fibrinogen were undetectable by immunofluorescent examination. The probable mechanism for the development of proteinuria in these patients is discussed.
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PMID:Seasonal nephrotic syndrome. Description and immunological findings. 80 95

The possible association between depression and type I allergies (i.e. immunoglobulin E-mediated hay fever, asthma, eczema, hives) was examined in a nonclinical sample of 379 college students. Measures included self-reports of depression, tiredness, fearfulness, allergic disorders, and environmental allergens and irritants. Seventy-one percent of the subjects who had ever received a professional diagnosis of depression also indicated a history of allergy: those with greater self-rated current depression overall reported a significantly higher prevalence of asthma (p less than 0.05). Type I allergic (43%) and nonallergic subjects did not differ in self-rated frequency of depression, fatigue, or anxiety. However, type I subjects reported significantly worse mood after the flu than did nonallergic subjects (p less than 0.001). The data support the hypothesis that individuals prone to clinical depression have more allergies than nondepressives. Allergics may experience more postflu mood worsening but not current depression in comparison with nonallergics.
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PMID:Depression and allergies: survey of a nonclinical population. 186 37

Previous studies suggest that social anxiety, allergies and distressed affect may be interrelated in some persons. For example, extremely introverted patients experience a poorer course and outcome of allergies as well as greater degrees of distressed affect such as depression and anxiety than do extraverts. Patients with affective disorders have a higher prevalence of atopic allergy than the general population; families of patients with panic disorder and major depression have the highest frequency of shy children. Preliminary investigation also indicate that behaviorally inhibited Caucasian children (initially shy and cautions in unfamiliar situations) and their families have more allergies, especially hay fever, than do uninhibited, socially outgoing children. The present survey evaluated the frequency of self-reported shyness. The most introverted subjects had significantly higher scores on self reports of depression, fearfulness, and fatigue, as well as a higher prevalence of hay fever. The data support the possibility of a distinct subgroup of shy individuals with concomitant vulnerability to specific allergies and affective disorders.
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PMID:Is allergic rhinitis more frequent in young adults with extreme shyness? A preliminary survey. 224 57

The present survey of young adult college students investigated the prevalence of self-reported illness from the smell of the five following common environmental chemicals (cacosmia): (1) pesticide, (2) automobile exhaust, (3) paint, (4) new carpet, and (5) perfume. Sixty-six percent of 643 students reported feeling ill from one or more of the five chemicals; 15% identified the smell of at least four chemicals as making them ill. Ratings of illness from pesticide correlated weakly but significantly with ratings for the largest number of individual symptoms (9 of 11); daytime tiredness and daytime grogginess both correlated at high levels of significance with illness ratings (on a 5-point scale) for four of the five chemicals. The most cacosmic group (CS) included significantly more women (79%) than the noncacosmic group (NS) (49%); women overall were more cacosmic than men (p < .001), even with the significant covariate of depression. Ratings of cacosmia correlated only weakly with scores for depression (r = 0.16), anxiety (r = 0.08), and trait shyness (r = 0.18) in the total sample. On stepwise multiple regression with cacosmia score as the dependent measure, shyness accounted for 5.8% of the variance, while depression, anxiety, sense of mastery, and repression did not enter the equation. Histories of physician-diagnosed hay fever, but not asthma, were more frequent in the CS (16%) than in the NS group (5%). Without the confounds of chronic illness or specific treatment programs, these data are similar to patterns described clinically for a subset of patients with multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS), including previous data on increased nasal resistance in MCS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Self-reported illness from chemical odors in young adults without clinical syndromes or occupational exposures. 768 Aug 51

We studied relationships between shyness and health during a health screening survey of older adults (ages 50-88) living in an active retirement community in the southwestern United States (n = 232). As in previous studies of infants, older individuals with hay fever, insomnia and constipation were more shy than those without these problems. Shy persons overall showed higher sitting systolic blood pressure and a larger fall in orthostatic systolic blood pressure on standing; shy men had a greater prevalence of hypertension histories than did low-shy men. Shy subjects of both sexes had lower HDL cholesterol and higher triglycerides than did low-shy subjects; shy women tended to have higher LDL cholesterol than did low-shy women. In contrast with findings of elevated salivary cortisol in extremely inhibited children of both sexes, only shy women had higher 24 h urinary free cortisol excretion than did low-shy women; men showed the opposite pattern, possibly related to suppression of aggression. Shy men also tended to report a higher prevalence of thyroid disease history than did low-shy men (20% versus 6%). Notably, autoimmune thyroiditis has previously been linked with panic and depression, disorders which in turn have been associated with shyness. Taken together with previous work in shy children and their families, the data raise the possibility of (a) increased risk for arteriosclerotic vascular disease; and (b) increased risk of adrenal- and/or thyroid-related diseases in certain shy older adults.
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PMID:Vascular disease risk factors, urinary free cortisol, and health histories in older adults: shyness and gender interactions. 843 51

Although low-back pain and depression are common comorbidities, the mechanisms responsible for their association remain unclear. The effects of proinflammatory cytokines on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis lead to the hypothesis that allergic reactions, as markers for inflammation-associated activation of the HPA axis, result in aberrant responses to subsequent stressors. Data from 6,836 US adults 20-39 years old from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) were used. Subjects responded to questions regarding low-back pain in the past 12 months and history of asthma, hay fever, and other allergies. The history and onset of major depression were obtained from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Logistic regression modeling was used to estimate the associations between allergies and depression and low-back pain. Subjects with a history of any allergy were more likely to report low-back pain (odds ratio = 1.51; 95% confidence interval: 1.16, 1.96), to be diagnosed with major depression (odds ratio = 1.58; 95% confidence interval: 1.13, 2.21), and much more likely to have both major depression and low-back pain (odds ratio = 3.03; 95% confidence interval: 1.32, 6.92). Hypersensitivity reactions may prime the HPA axis to respond aberrantly to stressors, resulting in physical and behavioral consequences.
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PMID:Cross-sectional associations of asthma, hay fever, and other allergies with major depression and low-back pain among adults aged 20-39 years in the United States. 1056 27

Some chronic diseases have a favourable course and are cured spontaneously. Allergic diseases such as eczema, hay fever and asthma have a good outcome in more than 75% of cases within 7 to 25 years, depending on the kind of allergy. Migraines have also a good evolution in children and after menopause. Many symptoms due to menstruation such as dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome or anemia, disappear after menopause as well as diseases due to estrogens such as uterine leiomyoma, endometriosis and prolactinoma. The risk of epilepsy relapse after a first seizure is about 40% after 2 years. The risk is lower in children. Attention deficit disorder affects 3 to 5% of children but is present in only 30% of them in adult age. The prevalence of depression decreases in women between 30 and 60 years of age. Functional somatic syndromes such as fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome or dyspepsia decrease in 2/3 of cases within 5 to 10 years if there is no history of anxio-depressive symptoms. However, prognosis is reserved when initial symptoms are severe or if they are connected to sexual abuse, domestic violence or depression. Other diseases have a spontaneous favourable course such as myopia, idiopathic infertility, polycystic ovary disease or ventricular arrhythmia. The knowledge of a good prognosis enables to avoid unnecessary treatments and to reassure many patients.
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PMID:[The benefits of aging. I. Patience and cure: spontaneous beneficial course of certain diseases]. 1172 11


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