Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty asthmatic children were compared with an equal number of age-matched healthy children. The mean peripheral blood T-lymphocyte level without foetal calf serum was lower in the asthmatic group (mean 970/mm3, as against 1740/mm3; P less than 0.0001), but this difference was abolished by adding foetal calf serum or thymosin, thus explaining how quite severe T-cell deficiency can be missed by widely used methods. The degree of eosinophilia and the degree of elevation of the plasma IgE level in the asthmatic patients were positively correlated. Positive correlations were also shown between the degree of severity of the asthma, the degree of eosinophilia and the degree of elevation of the plasma IgE level, but not the degree of depression of the T-cell numbers. If this T-cell deficiency reflects an inadequate suppression of IgE responses, a clinical trial of thymosin appears to be warranted.
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PMID:T-cell depletion and in vitro thymosin inducibility in asthmatic children. 30 6

Under the treatment with ampicillin or oxacillin resp. hematologic changes turn up very rarely except for eosinophilia, in addition it is only granulocytes or platelets alone which are involved in the cases yet published. In the case presented here therapy by an ampicillin/Oxacillin combination induces bone marrow depression with peripheral pancytopenia on a toxic or allergic base.
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PMID:[Bone marrow depression with peripheral pancytopenia under the treatment with an ampicillin/oxacillin combination (author's transl)]. 54 97

Effects of the gestagen components of Gravistat and Non-Ovlon on vaginal cytology were observed in 34 women aged 18-34 years. Both preparations contain the same dose of ethinyl estradiol as the estrogen component. Continuous depression of the Karyopyknotic index and the eosinophilia index were associated with both preparations throughout the cycle. No peaks indicative of ovulation were observed. Significant differences in values for the 2 preparations were not observed.
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PMID:[Comparative vaginal cytology testing of gestagen components of 2 combination preparations]. 67 63

An anaphylactic shock after multiple injections of the multienzyme compound Neoblastine with the clinical signs of unconsciousness, tachycardia and marked depression of vascular system is reported. Specific antibodies (double diffusion method; 1:32) and an increasing eosinophilia of the peripheral blood up to 36 rel. % have been demonstrated. It must be warned of the application of this compound, the indication of which is extremely doubtful.
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PMID:[Anaphylactic shock following multiple injection of a multienzyme compound (author's transl)]. 80 53

A patient suffering from endogenous depression was treated with mianserin and developed agranulocytosis. After recovering from this, and with the depression in remission, the patient was given L-tryptophan. When this medication was removed from the market, due to the newly described eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, a change was made to oxitriptan, which then caused a serious asymptomatic eosinophilia. No similar cases have yet been reported. Following withdrawal of oxitriptan, the eosinophilia disappeared. Evidence for any other cause of the condition was not found. Causes and physiopathology of drug-induced agranulocytosis and eosinophilia and the circumstances of such complications following use of mianserin and oxitriptan are discussed.
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PMID:[Mianserin agranulocytosis followed by oxitriptan eosinophilia]. 160 92

Several developments in serotonin neuropharmacology have implications for psychiatric disorders and have already begun to impact their treatment. Selective inhibitors of serotonin uptake, which enhance serotonergic function by preventing the removal of serotonin from the synaptic cleft via the membrane transporter, have been introduced for the treatment of depression and may be effective in other disorders. Precursor loading can increase serotonin concentrations in the synaptic cleft, and tryptophan--which has been available in health food stores and drug stores--had become increasingly used for self-medication of depression, insomnia, and premenstrual syndrome. Conversion to serotonin is not the major metabolic pathway for tryptophan, and large increases in other tryptophan metabolites (such as quinolinic acid, a substance that is excitotoxic at high concentrations) accompany small increases in extracellular serotonin. The recent epidemic of the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with tryptophan now appears due to a trace contaminant in the product from a single manufacturer. A major advance in serotonin pharmacology has been the elucidation of serotonin receptor heterogeneity. At least seven receptor subtypes (5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1C, 5-HT1D, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4) have been identified in brain. Direct-acting agonists and antagonists can have selective affinity for specific receptor subtypes. Selective activation of 5-HT1A receptors seems to cause anxiolytic and possibly antidepressive effects. Selective antagonists of 5-HT2 or 5-HT3 receptors may be useful in treating anxiety and schizophrenia. Drugs that enhance serotonergic function suppress aggression in animals, but the specific receptor subtypes involved are not known. The advances being made in serotonin pharmacology will help define the role of this brain neurotransmitter in psychiatric and other disorders and can be expected to lead to further therapeutic advances.
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PMID:Role of serotonin in therapy of depression and related disorders. 167 51

An association between the ingestion tryptophan and a syndrome characterized by scleroderma-like skin abnormalities, fasciitis, and eosinophilia has recently been recognized in the United States. We report the clinical and histopathological findings in nine patients and the results of biochemical analyses of tryptophan metabolism in seven patients with this syndrome. Edema of the extremities, frequently accompanied by pruritus, paresthesia, and myalgia, developed in the nine patients (six women and three men; age range, 30 to 66 years) 1 to 18 months after the start of therapy with tryptophan (1.5 to 3.0 g daily) for insomnia, depression, or obesity. Five patients were taking drugs (benzodiazepines) known to inhibit hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function, and one had adrenal insufficiency. All had blood eosinophilia in the acute phase of their illness (mean eosinophil count [+/- SD], 3.62 +/- 2.87 X 10(9) cells per liter). All had histopathological changes in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue typical of scleroderma, and seven patients had eosinophils. The fascia was inflamed and fibrotic, and adjacent skeletal muscle often showed perifascicular inflammation. Tryptophan was discontinued in all patients, and eight received prednisone. The cutaneous symptoms improved, but only two patients had complete resolution of their illness. The patients had plasma levels of tryptophan before and after an oral dose of tryptophan that were similar to those in normal subjects. Plasma levels of L-kynurenine and quinolinic acid, which are metabolites of tryptophan, were significantly higher in four patients with active disease than in three patients studied after eosinophilia had resolved or in five normal subjects (P less than 0.001)--findings consistent with the activation of the enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase. This illness resembles eosinophilic fasciitis and probably represents one aspect of the recently reported eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. The development of the syndrome may result from a confluence of several factors, including the ingestion of tryptophan, exposure to agents that activate indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, and possibly, impaired function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
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PMID:Scleroderma, fasciitis, and eosinophilia associated with the ingestion of tryptophan. 231 25

Two cases of eosinophilia-associated acute peri-myocarditis which coursed favorably are reported. Case 1 was a 47-year-old man whose ECG revealed QS, ST-T change, bundle branch block, and arrhythmias. Case 2 was a 30-year-old man whose ECG showed ST segment depression. The chest radiographs of both patients revealed enlarged hearts. Left ventriculography showed abnormal regional wall motion. Their endomyocardial biopsies revealed eosinophilic infiltration of the myocardium, but few eosinophils were degranulated. In Case 1, the development of eosinophilia preceded perimyocarditis and the eosinophilia continued even after the symptoms of peri-myocarditis were improved. In conclusion, it seems that eosinophilia did not have specific relation to the initial manifestation of the disease but that it occurred as a secondary reaction to peri-myocarditis of unknown etiology in these cases.
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PMID:[Eosinophilic heart disease with favorable courses: report of two cases]. 181 77

L-tryptophan is an essential amino acid taken as an over-the-counter nutritional supplement for a variety of conditions including chronic pain, insomnia, and depression. In October 1989 several patients were reported having eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) who had taken L-tryptophan in large doses. Little is known about the long-term outcomes of EMS. A patient with EMS who developed contractures of the upper extremities because of severe myalgias is discussed. Early aggressive rehabilitative intervention may prevent contractures in patients with EMS.
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PMID:Upper extremity contractures in a patient with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. 195 17

The diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonitis is generally difficult, and it is made clinically by Tamura's criteria. We experienced 12 cases (7 definite and 5 possible cases) of antimicrobial drug-induced pneumonitis (one of case was the first case caused by carbapenem). Symptoms such as fever (11/12), cough (10/12) and dyspnea (10/12) and laboratory data such as eosinophilia (7/12), elevation of IgE (4/6) and hypoxia (11/12) were commonly seen in these patients, although they were not specific. Lymphocyte stimulation test (5/11) and provocation test (4/8) were quite suggestive of drug allergy. Bronchoscopy has been used for confirmation of pneumonitis. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed alveolitis (4/9) or alveolar fibrosis (3/9), and bronchoalveolar lavage showed lymphocytosis (6/6) and depression of OKT4/T8 ratio (3/5). The combination of bronchoscopic and immunological examinations were more confirmative for diagnosis.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of 12 cases of antimicrobial drug-induced pneumonitis. 227 3


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