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 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The principal dimensions of the pain experience of 102 patients with chronic low back pain were studied and components of the pain experience were compared to pre-treatment measures of emotional disturbance. Responses on the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) were factor analyzed revealing dimensions of the pain experience that seemed to represent sensory, affective, and evaluative aspects. Patients with high scores on the MMPI hypochondriasis scale portrayed their pain as more intense and as high in terms of affective and evaluative descriptors on the MPQ. Other MMPI scales reflecting emotional disturbance (depression, hysteria) were also associated with a more intense description of pain and higher scores on an affective descriptor dimension. The evaluation descriptive dimension was highly related to the overall intensity of the pain experience. Only the affective dimension was related to emotional disturbance separately from the effects of intensity alone.
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PMID:Principal dimensions of the pain experience and psychological disturbance in chronic low back pain patients. 645 9

The English language and Scandinavian literatuare include an ample discussion of the problem of negative psychological and psychiatric sequelae of abortion. However, most works are based on an epistemologically incorrect methodology, being limited to a statistical comparison of the absence and presence of sequelae. The present study is based on a specially prepared clinical evaluation scale, investigating 11 women, 18 months after abortion, all with negative psychological sequelae. In 6 women, psychiatric sequelae were encountered. A considerable incidence of depression and profound emotional disturbance was evident. A clinical comparison using the same scale between the sequelae 20 days and 18 months after abortion revealed increased disturbance in 7 women. It is emphasized that the psychological sequelae following a hospital abortion should be considered iatrogenic and a direct result of the introduction of hospital abortions, a barbarous bloodletting indicative of the self-destructive dominance of technology and ideology. (author's modified)
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PMID:[Negative psychological sequelae and psychiatric sequelae of abortion obtained in a hospital: possible application of an evaluation scale]. 662

The prevalence and nature of emotional disturbance in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) was studied prospectively in 64 MS patients and 23 spinal cord-injured (SCI) control patients by administration of the 28-item subscale General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). MS patients in remission had a mean GHQ score of 4.4, and patients with acute exacerbation or progressive nonremitting MS had a mean score of 15.7, a significant difference (p less than 0.001). The prevalence of emotional disturbance was 90% in exacerbating or progressing patients, 39% in stable patients, and 12% in SCI control patients. The presence of emotional disturbance was not related to age, sex, or other demographic variables, to duration or severity of disease, or to the degree of disability. In the group of MS patients in remission, somatic complaints, anxiety, and social dysfunction were more prevalent than symptoms of depression.
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PMID:Disease activity and emotional state in multiple sclerosis. 687 Feb 9

Two hundred three patients with hypoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 73 healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, race, and neighborhood of residence were administered three self-report inventories concerned with the following four dimensions of life quality: emotional functioning, social-role functioning, activities of daily living, and recreational pastimes. An additional inventory was administered to a spouse or another close relative of each patient. The life quality of patients with COPD was found to be impaired relative to healthy subjects on all dimensions. Depression was the preponderant emotional disturbance reported; difficulties with home management and reduction in social interaction were the primary social-role deficits. Ambulation, mobility, sleep and rest, and a variety of recreational pastimes were also severely affected. Life quality exhibited moderate but significant relationships to neuropsychological, pulmonary, and cardiac functioning and to exercise capability. Age and socioeconomic status were found to be possible moderators of the relationship of COPD to life quality. A model to integrate these findings is proposed. Implications for the management of COPD and for the evaluation of medical treatments of chronic disabling conditions are described.
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PMID:Life quality of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 706 85

Of 130 women initially seen in a general hospital emergency room after being raped, the authors were able to interview 41 of the women 1-21/2 years after the rape. Half of the women continued to fear being alone and three-quarters reported still being suspicious of others. Many also felt restricted in their daily lives and had self-reported episodes of depression and sexual problems, which they attributed to the rape; none had a history of mental or emotional disturbance. The authors recommend that short-term, issue-oriented therapy be made available for all rape victims, as well as resources for the treatment of long-term symptoms.
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PMID:A follow-up study of rape victims. 712 77

Fifty-five pregnant women were initially included in this study and 47 of them were followed through to 10 days after delivery. The subjects completed behavioural ratings during pregnancy and after delivery. Ratings on the Wakefield Depression Inventory were higher during pregnancy than after delivery. Ratings for anxiety and hostility were no higher after delivery than during pregnancy. There were significant positive correlations between pregnancy and post-partum ratings for hostility and depression in women who had vaginal deliveries suggesting that it might be possible to identify women at risk of emotional disturbance during pregnancy. Women delivered by Caesarean section had significantly higher ratings for anxiety and depression in the immediately post-partum days.
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PMID:Emotional disturbance during pregnancy and following delivery. 716 36

Previous research has shown chronic pain patients to have elevated scores on the Hypochondriasis (Hs), Depression (D), and Hysteria (Hy) scales of the MMPI. While high scores on these scales are generally considered to reflect neurotic symptomatology and emotional disturbance, their interpretation is more ambiguous within this patient population. Item-level and subscale analyses of these scales and the K scale (a measure of defensiveness) were performed in order to clarify the meaning of these elevated scores. In these analyses a pain group's endorsement of each item was compared with the responses of two control groups, one a general medical patient sample, the other consisting of first year college students. Items showing group endorsement differences of 10% or greater were interpreted as providing significant information about the pain sample. Analysis of the Hs items indicated that a significant portion of the pain group exhibited the vague and diffuse somatic complaining characteristic of hypochondriasis. While the D scale results revealed a considerable amount of depressive symptomatology (such as sleep disturbance, poor self-esteem, apathy, and feelings of unhappiness, anxiety, and dissatisfaction), they did not support the notion that pain patients have the personality characteristics associated with severe depression. Analyses of the Hy and K scales indicated that the pain patients were no more defensive than were either of the control groups, and that their responses did not conform to the classic hysterical pattern.
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PMID:Neurotic tendencies among chronic pain patients: an MMPI item analysis. 716 39

Previous studies have been evenly divided in concluding that male sex change applicants do or do not evidence signs of psychopathology on Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory testing. To clarify the discrepant findings, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory scale comparisons were made between sex change applicants who had been living continuously as women, applicants who had been living predominantly as men, and groups of psychiatric inpatients and outpatients. Findings revealed that members of both applicant groups were more likely than psychiatric patients to score high on a measure of femininity. However, applicants living as men were as disturbed as psychiatric patients on all other measures of psychopathology, whereas those living as women showed a notable absence of psychopathology. Like the psychiatric patients, applicants living as men produced significant elevations on the Depression, Psychopathic Deviate, Psychasthenia, and Schizophrenia Scales. A variety of group comparisons also revealed serious emotional disturbance in one sex change applicant group and none in the other. The results help to explain the previous discrepancies in the literature and underline the importance of the "living as female" variable for predicting disturbance in sex change applicants.
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PMID:A comparison of the MMPI results for psychiatric patients and male applicants for transsexual surgery. 721 44

Among a consecutive unselected series of 29 patients with Cushing's syndrome 21 had bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and 8 had tumours. Twenty-five (86 per cent) were significantly depressed; three of the tumour patients, but only one of the hyperplasia group were free of symptoms so that if there are no psychiatric symptoms there is a three in four chance that the patient has a tumour. There was a family history of depression or suicide or a history of early bereavement or separation in half the cases. In six of the hyperplasia patients a major emotional disturbance had preceded the onset, and in five this was a loss. The severity of the depression was not related to the level of circulating cortisol. The depression was rapidly relieved when the tumour or hyperplastic glands were removed. Depression in Cushing's syndrome might result from a substance other than cortisol produced by the adrenal under excessive pituitary and/or hypothalamic stimulation, which could play a part in the aetiology of depressive illness in general.
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PMID:Cushing's syndrome: a psychiatric study of 29 patients. 737 Apr 77

We attempted to evaluate the quality of life of patients with proved long-lasting chronic pancreatitis. We measured the clinical and psychological status of 60 patients who had undergone various surgical treatments for their disease. The presence and severity of depression and other symptoms of distress were assessed, as were disease-specific functional and physical problems. Few patients had serious conditions, such as pain, malnutrition, or psychoneurotic complaints. The relation between depression and the time of onset of symptoms and of surgery appeared doubtful, and no statistically significant correlations were found between severity of emotional disturbance and other functional characteristics. Insulin-dependent diabetes and correlated diseases had the most negative influence on everyday well-being. Postoperative follow-up and the need for recurrent medical control and care did not lead to negative feelings.
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PMID:Surgery for chronic pancreatitis: what quality of life ahead? 763 96


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