Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Left ventricular function during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was studied in 16 patients undergoing the procedure. All measurements were performed before and during the first episode of balloon coronary occlusion. In 16 patients (Group A), data were recorded before and 30 or 50 s after balloon inflation, and in 8 of these patients (Group B) data were also recorded 15 min after the complete procedure. Left ventriculograms indicated a marked dyskinesia of the anterior and apical wall in all patients. After balloon inflation, there was a marked depression in stroke index and ejection fraction and an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and the time constants of relaxation in all patients. Simultaneous recording of left ventricular pressure (Millar micromanometer) during cineangiography permitted the assessment of myocardial and chamber stiffness. Although there was a strong tendency for both myocardial and chamber stiffness to increase after 30 to 50 s of occlusion, these increases were statistically insignificant. In Group B, a third set of angiographic and pressure measurements obtained 15 min after completion of the coronary angioplasty procedure indicated no residual left ventricular dysfunction, and in this respect, the results are of added clinical importance.
 ...
PMID:Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function during acute coronary artery balloon occlusion in humans. 296 20

The system of mucociliary clearance has the important task to remove from the airways inhaled substances and locally formed secretions. Inborn disorders of the mucociliary transport are the result of ciliary dysfunction (primary ciliary dyskinesia) or of increased viscosity of the bronchial secretions (mucoviscidosis). By far more frequency however are acquired disturbances. Inflammation of the airways results nearly always in disorder of the mucociliary transport which in early stages is reversible. With morphologic lesions, the disturbance may become irreversible. Infectious inflammations, especially those by rhinoviruses and mycoplasma, are causing ciliostatic and ciliotoxic alterations which may disturb the mucociliary clearance up to one year following the infection. Noninfectious inflammation is at first accelerating the transport of mucus through the action of cells of the body itself, especially granulocytes and eosinophiles and mediators liberated from them. Probably, these are causing a cilioexcitation which is later followed by a long-lasting depression of the mucociliary transport caused by production of mucus with high viscosity. Therapeutic measures consist in an early anti-infectious treatment and in the stimulation of the frequency of ciliary beating by beta-adrenergic drugs.
 ...
PMID:[Mucociliary transport and bronchial inflammation]. 306 29

The purpose of this study was to define the sequential changes in global and regional right ventricular function, using equilibrium gated radionuclide angiography, following transmural inferior myocardial infarction (IMI) and associated ischemic right ventricular involvement. 24 patients with IMI underwent radionuclide angiography within 72 hours of onset of chest pain; subsequent studies were done at 13 +/- 5 days and at 6 +/- 2 months. Scintigraphic evidence of ischemic right ventricular involvement was defined by depression of right ventricular ejection fraction (less than 40%) and regional wall motion abnormalities (hypo-a-dyskinesia of right ventricular free wall). Significant improvement of global right ventricular ejection fraction was observed in 15 patients at the second study, and in 21 patients at the third study. Right ventricular regional wall motion showed similar improvement from the initial to the final studies. Significant changes in right ventricular function occurred without concurrent changes in global and regional left ventricular ejection fraction. We concluded that patients with IMI and ischemic right ventricular involvement show frequently improvement of global and regional right ventricular function over time. This changes tend to occur early and without significant modifications in left ventricular function. The good prognosis observed in our patients, despite the high incidence of in hospital complications, might be related to the improvement of right ventricular function.
 ...
PMID:[Equilibrium angioscintigraphic evaluation of sequential changes in right ventricle function in patients with lower myocardial infarct and ischemic co-involvement of the right ventricle: long-term study]. 365 84

We report two patients with dyskinesia responding to antidepressants. The first is a 70-year-old man with depression, Parkinsonism and neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia who presented with hysterical mutism. After recovery from the mutism, he was started on desipramine for depression. One week later the dyskinesia improved markedly. The second patient is a 61-year-old man with Parkinson's disease, dementia, depression and L-dopa-induced oro-lingual-facial dyskinesias. He was taking levodopa, trihexyphenydil and bromocriptine. The depression was treated first with desipramine and later with trazodone. The dyskinesia improved significantly on both drugs. The response of the dyskinesias to antidepressant medication may be due to the fact that antidepressants decrease beta-adrenoreceptor sensitivity and density which in turn may result in a diminished release of dopamine since beta-adrenoceptors mediate the noradrenaline-stimulated release of dopamine.
 ...
PMID:Response of tardive and L-dopa-induced dyskinesias to antidepressants. 369 Apr 36

We have obtained physiologic and psychiatric evaluations on five subjects with episodic laryngeal dyskinesia (LD) and compared them with three patients with expiratory laryngeal stridor and asthma (ELS), and five with chronic asthma (CA). Laryngoscopy confirmed adduction of the vocal cords. Diminished inspiratory flow rates with an expiratory/inspiratory ratio of 1.5 to 3.3 was demonstrated by flow volume studies. Flows improved strikingly while breathing an 80 percent helium/20 percent oxygen mixture. Patients with LD showed varying degrees of depression and sought some form of secondary gain. A histrionic personality, conversion or factitious disorders are not an essential part of this syndrome. Tracheostomy may seldom be necessary in the managing of the acute crisis of LD. Reassurance, oxygen, intermittent positive pressure, and sedation may be sufficient. Mildly depressed patients decreased the frequency and severity of wheezing episodes after receiving reassurance and a clear explanation of ventilatory mechanics.
 ...
PMID:Episodic laryngeal dyskinesia. Clinical and psychiatric characterization. 376 75

Episodic mitral regurgitation due to ischaemia of one or both papillary muscles was studied in a review of 39 cases with complementary investigations and compared with previously reported data. The condition occurred after myocardial infarction in 69 p. 100 of cases (usually after inferior infarction: 54 p. 100) associated with ischaemia of the controlateral territory; there was no history of myocardial infarction in 31 p. 100 of cases. The patients were usually elderly (73 years), often hypertensive (77 p. 100) and diabetic (62 p. 100). The clinical syndrome was that of severe anginal pain, mitral regurgitation and left ventricular failure which was critical in some cases. The ECG showed typical ST depression (4.1 +/- 1.6 mm) especially in the antero-lateral leads; left bundle branch block (28 p. 100) with left axis deviation (18 p. 100), sometimes associated with changes of chronic infarction (64 p. 100) was also recorded. Mitral regurgitation and left ventricular failure regressed almost completely in typical cases between attacks, whilst the ECG showed slight residual sub-endocardial ischaemia (ST depression of 1.5 +/- 0.4 mm) in 30 cases and/or subepicardial ischaemia observed in the anterolateral leads in 13 cases. Phonomechanographic recordings (n = 32) showed moderate mitral regurgitation (1-2/6), usually parasystolic (47 p. 100) or early and mid systolic (36 p. 100) in 87.5 p. 100 of cases between attacks, aggravated by handgrip exercise and improved by trinitrin administration. Echocardiography (n = 27) only showed mitral valve changes in 2 patients (increased density of the papillary muscle in 1 case and prolapse of the anterior leaflet in 1 case); however, segmental wall hypokinetic (51 p. 100) or dyskinetic (15 p. 100) motion, was common with increased left ventricular end diastolic dimensions (mean 56.3 +/- 8.0 mm) and decreased fractional shortening (mean 0.30 +/- 0.07) (67 p. 100). Left atrial dimensions were increased (mean 39.7 +/- 6.4 mm) in 52 p. 100 of patients. Thallium 201 myocardial scintigraphy (n = 32) showed hypofixation in 57 (36 p. 100) and a lacuna in 23 (14 p. 100) of the 160 segments analysed. Left ventricular angioscintigraphy (n = 27; 135 segments) showed hypokinesia in 72 segments (53 p. 100); 2.7 segments per patient), akinesia in 19 segments (15 p. 100; 0.7 segment per patient) and dyskinesia in 2 segments (1.5 p. 100); 0.1 segment per patient). The global ejection fraction was 46 +/- 13 p. 100. Coronary angiography (n = 8) showed significant diffuse atherosclerosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Paroxysmal mitral insufficiency caused by ischemic dysfunction of the papillary muscles. Apropos of 39 cases]. 391 82

The initial two-dimensional echocardiogram (2DE) and electrocardiogram (ECG) of 50 consecutive patients with chest pain and a possible acute non-Q wave myocardial infarction (MI) were compared to each other to determine the value of 2DE in this type of acute MI. The ECG markers for a non-Q wave MI were (1) greater than or equal to 0.15 mV ST segment depression, (2) ST segment elevations with reciprocal ST segment depression, and (3) new symmetrical deep T wave changes as compared to a recent preadmission ECG. The 2DE was considered positive for MI if akinesia, dyskinesia, or severe hypokinesia was seen in one or more left ventricular segments. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of the 2DE as compared to the ECG was 66% and 52%, respectively (sensitivity); 91% and 95%, respectivity (specificity); and 91% and 94%, respectively (predictive value). Statistically, there were no differences in the proportion of patients who had a positive 2DE as compared to the proportion of patients who had a positive ECG (p greater than 0.2). The ECG and 2DE results were combined and the sensitivity increased to 76% but the specificity decreased to 86%. Myocardial infarction size was not significantly different in infarcted subjects who had a positive 2DE (395 +/- 125 IU/L) as compared to those who had a negative 2DE (727 +/- 187 IU/L, p greater than 0.1).
 ...
PMID:Two-dimensional echocardiography versus surface electrocardiography for the diagnosis of acute non-Q wave myocardial infarction. 401 89

From binding studies using 3H-GABA and 3H-strychnine in dissected human brain material, inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter receptors have a widespread distribution in the human CNS. Generally GABA receptors are predominant in the forebrain and upper brainstem whereas glycine receptors are more localized in the lower brainstem and spinal cord. Some areas (eg. the substantia nigra) have appreciable quantities of both receptors. Although glycine receptors are altered in some pathological conditions (eg. in Parkinson's disease, in the substantia nigra) the neuropharmacology of the glycine system is still poorly understood. On the other hand the GABA system has been intensively studied. Dysfunction of GABA receptors occurs in various neurological states, as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's chorea. Furthermore GABA agonists are active in animal models for dyskinesia, epilepsy and depression, amongst others. Clinical studies with progabide confirm these findings in animal models, and suggest that low-medium affinity GABA agonists are more appropriate clinical agents than are high or very high affinity GABA agonists. From these and many other findings there appears to be a very large potential for creating new pharmacological agents for different neuropsychiatric disorders based on agonist activity at inhibitory amino-acid receptors. From the example of progabide these compounds can be made not only specific for the receptor involved, but also to have a lower incidence of neurotoxic effects than presently available drugs.
 ...
PMID:Neurochemical and neuropharmacological indications for the involvement of GABA and glycine receptors in neuropsychiatric disorders. 613 47

The advantages of both long-acting injections and oral administration of neuroleptic agents in treating schizophrenia are discussed. Problems related to patient noncompliance and other factors relevant in evaluating long-term maintenance therapy are considered, as well as variables that influence the duration of maintenance therapy. The results of discontinuation, whether initiated by patient or physician, are discussed, along with the limitations of long-term medication therapy (e.g., depression, dyskinesia, extrapyramidal symptoms). General guidelines are provided for evaluating dose requirements in maintenance therapy.
 ...
PMID:Observations on the use of long-acting depot neuroleptic injections in the maintenance therapy of schizophrenia. 614 43

Twenty-five patients with various forms of dyskinesia were given tiapride for three months. Maximal dosage was 900 mg per day. A double-blind trial of tiapride versus placebo showed significantly better results in the group given tiapride. The forms of dyskinesia which responded best to tiapride were the following: iatrogenic dyskinesia, tics (Gilles de la Tourette syndrome), and chronic chorea (Huntington disease). Patients with complex dyskinesia resulting from neonatal encephalopathy or vascular disease were not improved. The protocol used in l-dopa-induced dyskinesia is described. Changes in dyskinesia and "on-off" effect following variations in tiapride and l-dopa dosage are detailed. An unequivocal, although minor, tiapride-induced parkinson syndrome was recorded in a few patients. No instances of tiapride-induced dyskinesia or akathisia were seen. The other side-effects were either psychic (depression, drowsiness, agitation) or endocrinologic (menstrual disorders, overeating, galactorrhea).
 ...
PMID:[Clinical trial of tiapride in patients with dyskinesia (author's transl)]. 628 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>