Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We reviewed all Mayo Clinic case histories in which a diagnosis of tardive dyskinesia or dyskinesia might have been recorded during the years 1965 through 1973 and interviewed 18 consecutive patients in the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology. Among the histories and patients, we found a high incidence of primary affective disorders. Four of the five men had a history of chronic alcohol abuse and symptoms of depression. We recommend that people who have primary affective disorders and chronic alcohol abuse with depression should be given antipsychotic medication, stimulants, or diazepam only after extremely careful consideration.
 ...
PMID:Tardive dyskinesia: relationship with a primary affective disorder. 1 34

Pain syndromes in the cervicobrachial region may be an expression of irritation of the periarterial autonomic nervous system. They show a vasal, arterial topography (here of the subclavian artery). If the cervical sympathetic chain is involved in the irritation, the area supplied by the carotid artery, i.e. the homolateral half of the head is also affected. Characteristics of these disturbances are their abnormal topography, which cannot be classified either as a radicular nor a segmental pattern. In this region the perception of pain is delayed. The quality of pain is protopathic (dull, intense, burning). In the sympathalgia region there is lowering of the pain threshold (dysesthesia), vasomotor disturbance (dyskinesia) local homeostatic disorders (dyscrasia), in certain circumstances trophic disturbances (dystrophy) which are usually accompanied by marked depression (dysthymia).
 ...
PMID:[Sympathalgia of the cervicobrachial region (author's transl)]. 11 92

To delineate the relative effects on left ventricular function of the site, extent and nature of the abnormal left ventricular segmental contraction (dyssynergy) and thereby determine the mechanism by which anterior myocardial infarction results in greater depression of left ventricular performance than does inferior infarction, 43 patients with remote myocardial infarction of similar extent (average 38 percent of left ventricular systolic perimeter) and associated hypokinesia or dyskinesia confined to either the anterior or inferior wall were compared; 10 additional patients were evaluated who exhibited generalized dyssynergy (72 percent of left ventricular perimeter). When the pattern of dyssynergy and extent of infarction were similar, the location alone of dyssynergy did not influence variables of left ventricular function. However paradoxical outward systolic movement (dyskinesia) of the anterior or inferior wall resulted in greater depression (P less than 0.05) of measures of left ventricular performance than did diminished inward systolic motion (hypokinesia) associated with infarction of similar extent and location. All measures of left ventricular performance were considerably more depressed (P less than 0.05) in the 10 patients with generalized dyssynergy than in the 43 patients with localized dyssynergy. Thus, the location of infarction is not a unique determinant of left ventricular performance. Instead, the size of infarction is the principal characteristic of dyssynergy that impairs left ventricular function; the severity of the pattern of dyssynergy is significant but of lesser importance. It is therefore concluded that the greater reduction of left ventricular function in anterior than in inferior myocardial is largely the result of the more extensive area of necrosis rather than of the location of the infarction.
 ...
PMID:Pump dysfunction after myocardial infarction: importance of location, extent and pattern of abnormal left ventricular segmental contraction. 94 21

L-Dopa supplemented by a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor is considered the most potent therapeutic regimen prolonging active life in Parkinsonian patients. The long-term benefit of therapy is limited by adverse effects, such as dyskinesia and on-off phenomena, which can be mitigated by the concomitant administration of dopamine agonists, such as bromocriptine. In order to quantify the beneficial impact of early combination therapy, a controlled clinical trial (PRADO: PRA videl1 + DO pa) in patients with early Parkinson's disease was carried out, whereby L-Dopa monotherapy (in a fixed combination with benserazide (DoBe) was being compared with the same combination plus bromocriptine (DoBeBro). Patients were recruited and treated by 101 practising neurologists in the Federal Republic of Germany and in Hungary. Twenty seven clinical university centers cross-checked the patients at regular intervals. The trial started with 3 months of DoBe monotherapy (median dose of 375 mg L-Dopa for both randomized groups) followed by gradual substitution of DoBe by bromocriptine over 3 months in one of the groups (250 mg L-Dopa/10 mg bromocriptine). The target medication was maintained from study months 6 to 54. Parkinsonian symptoms were classified according to the Webster rating scale, the Hoehn and Yahr scale and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Adverse events and life status were checked at regular intervals. Special emphasis was given to motor performance tests. 587 patients (302 in the DoBe group and 285 in the DoBeBro group) were available for intention-to-treat analysis. Both groups were homogeneous at baseline in all observed parameters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Bromocriptine lessens the incidence of mortality in L-dopa-treated parkinsonian patients: prado-study discontinued. 840 21

Tardive dyskinesia has been connected with regional reductions of GABA functions in the basal ganglia. In view of the possibility that peptides are involved in neuroleptic-induced dyskinesias substance P and dynorphin A levels were measured in the basal ganglia of the Cebus apella model for tardive dyskinesia. In addition, regional glutamate decarboxylase activities, dopamine, homovanillic acid and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid levels were monitored. A significant dyskinesia-related decrease in glutamate decarboxylase activity was found in the subthalamic nucleus, the medial segment of globus pallidus and the rostral part of substantia nigra in accordance with earlier findings. Cebus monkeys with an intact GABA system (neuroleptic-treated controls without dyskinesia) showed increased levels of substance P and homovanillic acid in the caudate nucleus. The changes were confined to the caudal part of the body of the caudate and the nucleus accumbens. On the other hand, the dyskinetic monkeys, with a defective GABA system, did not demonstrate a similar substance P rise in the caudate or nucleus accumbens, but showed a depression of homovanillic acid levels in the caudal part of the body of the caudate nucleus. Dynorphin A, dopamine and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid showed no dyskinesia-related changes. In conclusion, the difference in glutamate decarboxylase activity between animals developing dyskinetic symptoms vs those who did not, was reflected by regional changes in substance P and homovanillic acid levels.
 ...
PMID:Neuropeptide changes in a primate model (Cebus apella) for tardive dyskinesia. 172 15

We studied 15 patients with Parkinson's disease of 40 to 70 years of age; they had more than five years of evolution and of using levodopa. They had "on-off", "wearing-off" phenomena and dyskinesia. The duration of therapy suspension was seven days: they were evaluated daily in the seven days, and every month for six months. The Webster and the Hoehn and Yahr scales were used. Only two patients did not show significant improvement. Thirteen of fifteen patients showed a significant decrease in the Webster scale of up to 8 points. A p value of 0.005 was found at three months which was maintained until the sixth month with a p value of 0.0005; a decrease in this scale was present since the first month. There were no complications following therapy withdrawal. There was a decreased related to depression in most of them and also there was a levodopa dose decrease in seven of them.
 ...
PMID:[Usefulness of drug holiday in patients with Parkinson's disease of more than 5 years of development]. 179 67

A total of 240 patients of Parkinson's disease (PD) were studied (125 male, 115 female). The age of onset was 60.0 +/- 9.9 years(Y) (mean +/- S.D.) (range 30-87). A 0-4 rating score was applied on each of 6 major symptoms: i.e. tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, gait, activities of daily living and fluctuation with maximum score of 24. According to the Hoehn and Yahr's stages, there were 44 cases in stage I, 141 in stage II, 31 in stage III, 19 in stage IV and 5 in stage V. Fluctuation in symptoms occurred in 42.9%, dyskinesia in 7.1%, psychosis in 9.6%, depression in 4.6%, and dementia in 2.9%. The mean duration of PD was 4.9 +/- 4.5 Y with 40% 5 years or longer. Significantly longer duration of PD was seen in the patients suffering from fluctuation (6.7 +/- 4.7 Y), dyskinesia (10.7 +/- 6.7 Y) and psychosis (9.4 +/- 6.5 Y). The mean duration of L-dopa treatment was 4.1 +/- 3.4 Y. The patients showing fluctuation (6.2 +/- 4.0 Y) or dyskinesia (7.6 +/- 4.7 Y) had significantly longer duration of L-dopa treatment. The mean daily dose of L-dopa was 370 +/- 203 mg. The patients with fluctuation (430 +/- 187 mg) or dyskinesia (545 +/- 265 mg) received significantly higher dose of L-dopa. Dementia tended to occur in the patients having later age of onset of PD (71.2 +/- 11.2 Y). The symptom score was significantly worse in those with fluctuation, dyskinesia, psychosis and dementia. It was well correlated with the Hoehn and Yahr's staging system.
 ...
PMID:Abbreviated rating score for Parkinson's disease. 184 38

12 subjects, 8 women and 4 men, presented with extrapyramidal motor signs and psychic depression after treatment with flunarizine for between 3 weeks and 15 months. One woman presented with severe symptoms and 20 months after stopping flunarizine she still had dyskinesia and akathisia. The other patients showed partial or complete improvement after withdrawal of the drug.
 ...
PMID:Parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, and depression induced by flunarizine. 287 33

Buspirone is a novel anxiolytic whose pharmacological profile differs from that of the benzodiazepines and includes dopaminergic agonist effects. Because of these properties, buspirone's usefulness in the management of idiopathic Parkinson's disease was evaluated in a controlled study of 16 outpatients with stage I-IV disease. At doses of 10 to 60 mg/day, no significant group or individual effects could be discerned on standardized disability, dyskinesia, anxiety, or depression scales. At high dose levels (100 mg/day) however, there was a significant worsening of disability ratings and a decrease in dyskinesia scores; anxiety ratings were also significantly increased. The results indicate that buspirone is well tolerated by parkinsonian patients at conventional antianxiety doses of 10 to 40 mg. Clinical effects of high dose treatment, on the other hand, resemble those associated with a reduction in central dopamine mediated synaptic function. Since buspirone reportedly produces dose-dependent stimulation of norepinephrine containing neurons in the locus ceruleus and behavioral symptoms of such activation were observed, these clinical observations support the concept that central noradrenergic stimulation can adversely affect parkinsonian symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Buspirone, Parkinson's disease, and the locus ceruleus. 287 89

The availability of coronary angioplasty catheters has made it possible to measure transstenotic pressure gradients. This parameter provides direct information on coronary haemodynamics. In 2 patients with proximal concentric stenosis of the left anterior descending artery the gradient was zero in spite of a more than 50% reduction in vascular diameter. The reason for this emerged from a study of the characteristics of these stenoses: they were short, and the vascular area at their level clearly was superior to 1 mm2. None of the 2 patients suffered from angina. One had negative exercise ECG, the other had an inconclusive exercise test without pain but with ST segment depression on anterior leads. This patient had a history of posterior infarction with postero-inferior dyskinesia at angiography, and exercise scintigraphy with thallium showed no decreased uptake in the antero-septal territory. The presence of coronary transstenotic pressure gradient implies a fall in coronary blood pressure downstream of the stenosis, a pressure which constitutes the perfusion pressure in the territory fed by the narrowed artery. on the value of this perfusion pressure depends the possibility of coronary blood flow autoregulation in the territory threatened by ischaemia.
 ...
PMID:[Angiographically tight coronary stenoses without transstenotic pressure gradient]. 293 34


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>