Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hazardous effects of ionizing radiation to man are well recognized, and they are divided into two groups, the stochastic effects (hereditary and carcinogenic effect) and non-stochastic effects (somatic effects such as depression of hematopoiesis, chronic dermatitis and cataracta). The basic framework of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is intended to prevent the occurrence of non-stochastic effects, by keeping doses below the relevant thresholds, and to ensure that all reasonable aspects are taken to reduce the incidence of stochastic effects. In Japan, the regulatory provisions of radiological protection of the workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation are based on the recommendation of ICRP adopted in 1977. According to these regulations, the dose equivalent limits of occupational exposure of man has been decided at 50 mSv/year. The monitoring of exposure to the individual and the procedure of medical examination of the workers are briefly described and discussed.
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PMID:[Medical examination of the workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation]. 205 10

3,7-Dihydro-7-[2-hydroxy-3-[4-[3-(phenylthio) propyl]-1-piperazinyl]propyl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione dihydrochloride (tazifylline, RS-49014) potently inhibited contractions evoked by stimulation of histamine H1-receptors in isolated guinea pig ilea and exhibited high affinity for these receptors in radioligand binding studies in vitro. In rats, guinea pigs and dogs the antihistaminic effect of tazifylline was rapid in onset and long-lived. In anesthetized guinea pigs, tazifylline markedly inhibited histamine-induced bronchoconstriction and protected conscious animals from the lethal effect of large doses of the amine. In conscious rats, tazifylline was more potent in reducing the inflammatory effects of intradermal histamine than that evoked by anaphylactic reaction. In conscious dogs, orally administered tazifylline inhibited histamine-induced skin inflammation for long periods of time and in anesthetized animals attenuated that portion of the histamine-evoked hypotension attributable to stimulation of H1-receptors. Results obtained from a variety of in vitro and in vivo experimental preparations showed that tazifylline had much lower affinity for histamine H2-receptors, alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine and muscarinic receptor subtypes. Tazifylline poorly inhibited the release of histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells. Large oral doses of tazifylline did not reduce spontaneous locomotor activity in mice, nor did they produce overt symptoms of behavioral depression in conscious rats. Therefore, tazifylline is a potent, selective and long-acting histamine H1-receptor antagonist that does not appear to produce central depression in animals.
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PMID:Animal pharmacology of the selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist tazifylline. 242 63

We examined the effects of long-term percutaneous epidural catheterization for pain relief in nine terminally ill gynecologic cancer patients. All patients were free of side-effects such as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, urinary retention, or pruritus. Analgesia was excellent in six patients. Puncture-site skin inflammation occurred in four patients. Catheter dislodgement occurred in three patients. Although percutaneous epidural catheters were well tolerated in a few patients for an extended period of time, the frequency of catheter problems demonstrate that other methods such as catheter tunneling or implantable systems should be considered for long-term epidural administration of narcotics. This method appears to be most effective in patients suffering from pain due to nerve root involvement.
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PMID:Percutaneous epidural catheterization for intractable pain in terminal cancer patients. 290 44

An infectious bursal disease (IBD)-vaccinated flock of 23,900 broilers, 17 days of age, experienced sudden onset of depression, dermatitis, and mortality. Postmortem examination showed extensive subcutaneous serosanguineous fluid accumulation over the pectoral muscles, discrete hepatic whitish foci, fluid-filled intestines, and small, flaccid bursae of Fabricius. Gram-stained impression smears from the affected areas revealed numerous gram-positive cocci. Aerobic culture of liver and subcutaneous tissue consistently produced heavy growth of penicillin-sensitive Staphyloccus aureus. Histopathologically, subcutaneous tissue showed diffuse hemorrhage and large numbers of gram-positive cocci with severe congestion and hemorrhage of the underlying skeletal muscle. Liver sections showed multiple, randomly scattered areas of acute coagulation necrosis with numerous gram-positive cocci. Bursal lesions were characterized by extensive follicular necrosis and collapse. A diagnosis of staphylococcal gangrenous dermatitis secondary to IBD was made. Mortality returned to preinfection levels within 72 hours after penicillin was added to the drinking water.
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PMID:Staphylococcus-induced gangrenous dermatitis in broilers. 338 70

It appears certain that the causes of self-destructive dermatoses are many and complex. The disorder spans diagnostic categories and varies from unconscious picking at the skin to severe self-destructive actions. Although not limited to any one diagnosis, skin disorders appear to be more prevalent in depression. This association may involve activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis commonly found in depression. Two specific types of commonly occurring dermatoses-neurotic excoriations and dermatitis artefacta-are reviewed in this article. The major distinction of these disorders centers on whether the patient can admit to self-mutilation. Because of the difficulties in dermatitis artefacta with insight and body-image, it has been compared with anorexia nervosa. Often, dermatitis artefacta coexists with anorexia nervosa. In both disorders, neurotic excoriations and dermatitis artefacta, the personality style tends to be introverted with emotional immaturity. These patients have difficulty when they are under stress; the problem is compounded because of poor communication skills. Pharmacotherapy is of limited usefulness, and psychotherapy is often times hindered by strong resistance to exploring long-standing emotional issues. Once an alliance is established with the therapist, however, these issues may be examined. Prognosis is variable but does seem to directly correlate with the duration of the illness. Young individuals may experience alleviation of symptoms after one session of psychotherapy, whereas older patients may never have resolution. Dermatologic abuse involving psychosis has many presentations; one of the most common involves infestation. Organic causes must always be excluded as part of the differential diagnosis. In schizophrenia, this presentation has one of the highest incidences of suicide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Self-destructive dermatoses. 389 93

The subacute toxic effects of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA; given orally) were characterized in the dog (CPA was purified from cultures of Aspergillus flavus). Four groups of dogs were given CPA in gelatin capsules for 90 days at the following dosage levels: 0.05, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg of body weight; a 5th group was used as controls. All dogs administered the 0.5 and 1.0 mg of CPA/kg dosages and 1 dog given the 0.25 mg of CPA/kg dosage died or were humanely killed before the scheduled termination of the study. Clinical signs of intoxication appeared 2 to 44 days after dosing was started and consisted of anorexia and, in 1 to 2 days, vomiting, diarrhea, pyrexia, dehydration, weight loss, and CNS depression. Grossly, the entire alimentary tract had diffuse hyperemia with focal areas of hemorrhage and ulceration. Other lesions were renal infarcts, necrotizing epididymitis, and ulcerative dermatitis. Microscopic lesions included ulceration, necrosis, vasculitis, lymphoid necrosis, karyomegaly in several organs, and decreased mitotic activity in intestinal crypt epithelium. Ulcerative and necrotic lesions were usually associated with vascular lesions. Clinical pathologic changes were leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, and increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity.
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PMID:Cyclopiazonic acid mycotoxicosis in the dog. 392 55

Thirty-two evaluable patients with advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma were treated with Baker's antifol in a phase II study by the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG). There were no complete responses and five partial responses for a response rate of 15.6%. Twenty patients remained stable during the course of therapy; seven had progressive disease. The median number of courses to response was four and the median duration of response was 3 months. The dose-limiting toxicity was dermatitis, which occurred in 10 patients. In four, dermatitis was severe with ulceration and/or desquamation. In two, dermatitis was life threatening and may have contributed to death. Half of the patients had mild or moderate GI side effects; in one case it was severe. Very little hematologic toxicity was observed. No cases of respiratory depression or arrest occurred with this regimen. Baker's antifol has some activity against cervical carcinoma and may be of interest for inclusion in studies of combination therapy because of its relative lack of myelotoxicity.
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PMID:Phase II study of Baker's antifol (triazinate, TZT, NSC-139,105) in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of cervix. 621 Oct 87

A patient with multiple enteric fistulae, after months of parenteral hyperalimentation, developed, severe depression accompanied by delirium, dermatitis, pallor, paresthesia, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and headaches. His symptoms improved after treatment with parenteral biotin. Biotin-deficiency should be suspected in patients on hyperalimentation (without biotin supplementation) who develop similar symptoms.
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PMID:Biotin-responsive depression during hyperalimentation. 640 8

The case of a surgical patient with a full blown syndrome of zinc deficiency is presented and the various implications related to a deficiency of this trace mineral are discussed. The symptomatology involved mental depression, visual disturbances, glucose intolerance, decreased serum alkaline phosphatase levels, wound healing impairment, eczematoid dermatitis and reduced humoral and cellular immune defences. Oral supplementation with zinc sulphate dramatically reversed the signs and symptoms of the syndrome and resulted in rapid wound healing. This case seems to have exhibited most of the different signs and symptoms reported from time to time in the literature. Awareness of zinc deficiency is being brought to light in many medical and surgical conditions. Total parenteral nutrition (T.P.N.) can exacerbate the lack of this trace metal and supplementation with fresh blood derivate are, as demonstrated, useless in these cases. Zinc, as component of various metalloenzymes, accounts for the clinical manifestations of its deficiency.
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PMID:First full blown syndrome of acute zinc deficiency in course of long term total parenteral nutrition: a clinical case. 643 15

Four experiments were conducted with chicks to determine whether the heating of vegetable oil and its contamination with iron might have detrimental effects upon its use in chicken diets. Soybean oil and safflower oil heated at 230 C for 51 hr and linseed oil heated at 240 C for 24 hr gave reduced growth when fed to chickens at 20 percent of the diet. Heating soybean oil at 175 C for 51 hr had no detrimental effect. However, iron at 5000 ppm depressed growth significantly when fed in a low fat diet. The depression was greatly reduced when soybean oil was fed at 10 or 20% of the diet. A different lot of soybean oil was found to cause skin dermatitis and high mortality when fed at 20% of the diet due to its physical contamination on the skin.
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PMID:Effect of high fat and iron levels on the growth and mortality of chickens. 668


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