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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten adult patients with psychiatric disorders in the intensive care ward were examined. The length of stay varied from one week to four months and mechanical ventilation was necessary for all patients. Their experience of intensive care and their psychosensorial problems were as follows: temperospatial disorientation, perturbation of the sense of posture, hallucinations which could go as far as oneiric delirium, anguish and symptoms of depression. No psychotic syndrome, literraly speaking, was observed objectively. In the monthes that followed the stay under intensive care many patients presented important psychosomatic disorders. Organic factors are responsible for these complications, though the environment of the intensive care could induce a marked disafferentation. An effort by the attending staff, aimed at orientating or "reafferenting" these patients, could reduce these problems.
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PMID:[Psychiatric complications in patients under intensive care]. 3 Mar 49

If the different forms of depression of humour are nowdays well known and easily surrounded and treated, it's for from being the case for the forms of excitation of humour, though they are as numerous. In these forms, indeed, whether they are atypical maniac attacks of hypomania, it may happen that the pathological nature of psychic excitation posses unnoticed, as well for the patient as for his familiars, or it may also happen that the excitation of humour desguises with "masks" suggesting other troubles, mental or not, which bad to delays in the setting of adapted treatments. These "masks" are essentially: -- hysteria and perturbations of character, in the neurosis register; -- delirious aspects, schizophrenical or confusional, in the psychosis register. In these states of hidden excitation, the most difficult thing, nevertheless, is to obtain from the patient a sincere claim for cares, contrarily to what can be noticed in the states of hidden deppression in which the somatical or psychological "complaints" of the patients are very easily exposed to the physician, a generalist as well as a specialist, and the treatments can be searched for.
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PMID:[The atypical forms of psychic excitation or hidden excitations (author's transl)]. 3 83

This study reports the psychologic findings in 30 patients undergoing this operation. Approximately one third developed postcardiotomy delirium, an occurrence consistent with that after other forms of open-heart surgery. Acceptance of the operation as opposed to preoperative anxiety, depression or denial, adequate comprehension of the proposed procedure, and a stable postoperative environment seem associated with less postcardiotomy delirium. Preventive preoperative therapeutic suggestions based on these findings are given.
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PMID:Psychologic response to coronary artery bypass. 30 Jan 76

Although the antimalarial agents chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and amodiaquine are widely used to treat a variety of medical conditions, their behavioral toxicity and lethality are not generally recognized. Therapeutic doses sometimes cause psychosis, delirium, personality change, and depression. Since moderately low overdoses of chloroquine can result in rapid death, such behavioral effects could lead to accidental or state-dependent overdosage and death.
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PMID:Behavioral toxicity and equivocal suicide associated with chloroquine and its derivatives. 32 63

The literature concerning postcardiotomy delirium contains confusing definitions and contradictory results. In a critical review of the subject, we conclude that cardiac status, the severity of physical illness, the complexity of the surgical procedure, and preoperative organic brain disease are the determining factors in postcardiotomy delirium. Preoperative anxiety, denial, and depression also have some correlation. Age, sex, time on bypass, and preoperative psychological profile seem to have no influence on outcome. No psychological etiology for delirium has been proven consistently. The therapeutic influence of preoperative interviews in preventing postoperative psychiatric complications remains equivocal as do theories implicating sensory deprivation in the intensive care unit. Long-term follow-up studies suggest that psychological problems impair functional recovery from heart surgery. The suggested treatment of patients with delirium includes chemotherapy, psychotherapy, and environmental support. Finally we suggest that investigation of biochemical abnormalities in delirium may prove to be a model for clarifying the role of neurotransmitters in functional psychiatric illnesses.
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PMID:Postcardiotomy delirium: a critical review. 37 Apr 60

The hemodialysis unit is usually a uniquely desirable place for liaison teaching because of the importance and variety of behavioral problems seen there. The trainee may be educated at these units about the syndrome of delirium because of the potential for his seeing in a given patient the presentation and resolution of the syndrome before and after each run. Because of the abject dependency of these patients, issues surrounding patient dependency "needs" and frustration of their independence are common with patient "uncooperativeness", an important area in which the professional staff need education and patients need intervention. Depression, common among these patients because of their many losses, is among the host of psychological problems to be potentially diagnosed and treated by the liaison trainee and/or teacher. The theme of life setting conductive to medical illness and the setting of realistic rehabiliation goals are also important areas of liaison training, particularly suitable for demonstration there. Therefore, hemodialysis centers offer usual wide variety and often untapped resources for liaison education.
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PMID:The teaching of liaison psychiatry in the hemodialysis center. 42 Jul

Psychiatry's renewed interest in its identity as a medical specialty and its increased therapeutic armamentarium make its involvement with chronically medically ill patients more feasible than ever before. These patients face problems which include economic ones, conflicts between independency and dependency, those connected with self-image, intra-family stresses including sexual ones, social isolation and the threat of death. Patients respond to these stresses with psychological symptomatology which includes depression, suicidal behavior, anxiety, delirium, dementia and psychosis. The treatment of the consequences of these stresses is the daily work of the liaison psychiatrist.
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PMID:The chronically ill patient. 49 29

The hypochondriacal patient presents numerous frustrations for the physician. The typical hypochondriac is a middle-aged person dominated by a preoccupation with bodily symptoms. Bereavement, serious life failures, and severe blows to self-esteem put patients at high risk for somatization. Hypochondrisis has been cited as a symptom of masked depression, early paranoid schizophrenia, and dementia and/or delirium. A careful diagnostic work-up with attention to any correctable psychiatric illness sets the stage for regularly scheduled, long-term supportive therapy.
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PMID:Hypochondriasis: difficulties in diagnosis and management. 76 Feb 21

Fifty healthy mothers, with normal placental function, were anaesthetised with ketamine (2 mg/kg body mass) for Caesarean section. Surgery was conducted with the patient in the lateral tilt position and anaesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen, muscle relaxants and controlled ventilation. Eight of the 50 infants delivered were clinically depressed, judged on the basis of the modified Apgar score at 2 minutes after delivery. The average time to sustained respiration was 58, 1 minutes. Studies of maternal blood gases before induction and at delivery revealed mild respiratory alkalosis, associated with an appropriate degree of compensatory metabolic acidosis. Umbilical cord blood gas analysis showed the presence of a fetal respiratory acidosis. The average derived fetal base excess levels were similar to those obtained in a previous study with thiopentone anaesthesia, but calculated mean maternal-to-fetal pH and base excess gradients were slightly greater in the present study. Prolonged induction-to-delivery intervals were associated with an increase in maternal metabolic and fetal respiratory acidosis. Slow delivery of the infant after invasion of the uterus magnified the degree of fetal metabolic acidosis, and widened the maternal-to-fetal acid-base gradients. Convincing evidence of maternal awareness during surgery was not obtained in this study. Five patients had hallucinations in the immediate postanaesthetic period. Unpleasant dreams were reported by 10% of patients. Delirium on emergence from anesthesia was not encountered. In this study, ketamine appeared to maintain fetoplacental exchange adequately, but may have been responsible for some degree of drug-induced neonatal depression. It is suggested that ketamine should be re-evaluated, using a lower dosage schedule, for Caesarean section.
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PMID:Ketamine for anaesthetic induction at Caesarean section. 93 71

The post cardiotomy state is typically delirious and although organic factors are important it is multi-determined. Cerebral ischaemia has been implicated in the development of psychological disorder after resuscitation but longer term neurotic disorders also occur. Affective disturbances, particularly depression, are associated with the coronary care experience. The following conditions are directly related to an increased incidence of psychological disorder: age, loss of sleep, sensory deprivation, stressful experiences, pre-operative morbidity (both physical and mental), the severity of both surgical trauma and the post-operative medical state. For both the staff who administer intensive therapy and the patient who receives it there are unique psychological hazards, the management of which depends largely on mutual understanding and support.
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PMID:The psychiatric aspects of cardiac intensive therapy: a review. 110 11


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