Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia occurred in a breeding group of 22 adult patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas). Affected animals had acute clinical signs of depression, weakness, dehydration, hypothermia, hepatomegaly and pronounced leukopenia. Both animals died a few hours after treatment was initiated. Gross necropsy findings included jaundice, fluid in body cavities, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, multiple white foci within the liver and spleen, generalized lymph node enlargement and numerous mucosal ulcerations in the colon. Primary histopathological lesions were multifocal hepatic necrosis, splenic necrosis, chronic ulcerative enteritis and diaphragmatic myositis with necrosis and edema. Yersinia enterocolitica was cultured from the liver, spleen, lung, jejunum and rectum. Wild rodents, particularly mice, may have been a source of infection for these animals, as the monkeys were housed in a rural, indoor-outdoor facility. A preliminary culture survey showed that some clinically normal patas monkeys harbored the organism in their intestinal tracts.
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PMID:Naturally occurring Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia in patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas). 405 42

Four outbreaks of an infectious, exudative skin disease of 6 to 10 week-old weaned pigs, are described. The disease was seen in fattening barns where weanlings from several sources were mixed. The disease was characterized in the peracute form by the formation, over the entire body, of a brown, greasy, odorous exudate, by loosening of the hoofs, by severe depression, dehydration and death in 3 to 5 days. In the acute form the lesions were identical, but their evolution slower, the mortality was high, and survivors severely stunted. Secondary infections seemed largely responsible for mortality in the acute form. Subacute infections were frequent and characterized by the formation of few to many circular exudative foci which became dry and cleared up completely in about 2 weeks. Antibiotics and mineral supplements were of no value in controlling or preventing the development of lesions or mortality.Minimal-disease pigs were exposed to diseased pigs from 3 of the 4 outbreaks studied and in all cases they developed typical lesions and could transmit the infection to other pigs. Bacteriological examination of field and experimentally produced cases gave inconclusive results pending further study.
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PMID:Exudative epidermitis in pigs. Clinical studies and preliminary transmission trials. 422 9

A method is presented for the production of a reproducible and reversible renal lesion in the rat by the intravenous injection of a relatively small amount of homologous hemoglobin (40 mg/100 g body weight). Production of the lesion is dependent on prior water deprivation and its severity is related to the degree of dehydration. Ether anesthesia, at the time of hemoglobin injection, predisposes to a severe and reproducible functional defect in the dehydrated rat. In contrast, injection of hemoglobin during pentobarbital anesthesia results in a significant lesion only sporadically. The functional evolution of the lesion has been characterized by inulin clearance measurements. Functional impairment occurs abruptly, within 1 hr after hemoglobin injection, and persists unchanged over the ensuing several hours. Some increase in inulin clearance rate is usually observed at 24 hr after injection, but severe functional impairment persists. Between 24 and 72 hr, a considerable increase in inulin clearance rate occurs, so that only moderate restriction of excretory function is present at the latter time. A further moderate increase in inulin clearance rate is apparent at 7 days after hemoglobin injection, but some reduction in function. persisted in all rats studied at this time. Hemoglobinuria is slight or inapparent in animals manifesting the most marked depression of excretory function, indicating that a severe renal lesion may exist in the absence of visible urinary pigment. Hemoglobinemia is evanescent at the dosage used in this study. These observations suggest that clinical acute renal failure secondary to hemoglobinemia may readily go unrecognized and that this may be a more frequent association than is now appreciated.
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PMID:The renal lesion associated with hemoglobinemia. I. Its production and functional evolution in the rat. 593 60

Early-lactation Holstein cows fed a corn silage-based diet low in chloride and supplemented with sodium bicarbonate were observed for clinical, metabolic, and production alterations over the course of 8 to 11 weeks. In 3 of the more severely affected cows, metabolic derangements included a rapidly developing primary hypochloremic, secondary hypokalemic and hyponatremic metabolic alkalosis, and hemoconcentration. Clinical signs included severe hypophagia, weight loss, muscle weakness, hypogalactia, dehydration, constipation, cardiopulmonary depression, and a depraved appetite. It was concluded that the rapid progression of these derangements, apart from any anatomic abnormalities or infectious causes, emphasizes the need for rapid assessment and therapeutic intervention in primary imbalance associated with body chloride depletion and metabolic alkalosis.
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PMID:Effects of dietary chloride restriction in lactating dairy cows. 608 55

In 17 nonhuman primates, nine females and eight males from 5 to 22 years old, there were 10 cases of renal carcinoma, four of renal adenoma, one nephroblastoma, one hamartoma and one transitional cell papillomatous hyperplasia. The most frequent clinical signs were anorexia, lethargy, weight loss, depression, and dehydration. Tumors were 0.1 to 10.0 cm in diameter. In neoplasms of tubular cell origin, papillary, tubular and solid histologic growth patterns occurred either separately or in combination. Thirty previously reported cases of primary renal tumors in nonhuman primates also were reviewed.
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PMID:Primary renal tumors in nonhuman primates. 628 11

A comparison is made of the published data on different physical methods concerning small-scale (small-amplitude) thermal motions, conformers and conformational substates of myoglobin and some other proteins in crystal and solution. Because of the underestimation of the statical and dynamical rotational disorder of the crystal lattice, the X-ray diffraction method may somewhat overestimate the amplitude values of the intramolecular thermal motions, which leads to the underestimation of the extent of conformational rigidity of the protein molecule. In solution the rigid-body rotation of the macromolecules makes a significant contribution to the apparent amplitude of atomic displacement. The damping of these motions upon the increase of viscosity or freezing of solution, crystallization or intramolecular crosslinking can partially simulate the depression of intramolecular thermal motions. According to infrared spectroscopy data the crystallization of carboxymyoglobin as well as temperature decrease down to 5K are not accompanied by preferential stabilization of one of the several discrete conformers of the active site or by diminished distribution breadth of conformational substates within individual conformers. The structural differences between these discrete conformers and the more so between conformational substates are not sizable and are confined within a limit of the amplitude of thermal motion in the polymeric monocrystal including their paracrystalline regions. The dehydration of the hemoglobin and myoglobin films leads to the loss of conformational rigidity of the active site and to the distortion of its native conformation, i.e. to the inactivation of protein.
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PMID:[Thermal movements of proteins: small-scale fluctuation and conformation substates]. 635

Sickness occurred in 3 of 4 horses within 24 h of being sprayed with an 0.025% w/v aqueous suspension of amitraz. The latter consisted of a portion of an amitraz aqueous suspension made up some 3 weeks previously, to which some freshly prepared spray fluid had been added. It seemed likely that the amitraz in the older solution had broken down to the highly toxic N-3, 5- dimethylphenyl N-methyl formamadine derivative and that this was in fact the main cause of the untoward effects observed. The horses displayed typical clinical signs of tranquillisation, depression, ataxia, muscular incoordination and impaction colic lasting up to 6 days. Subcutaneous oedema of the face occurred in one horse. The syndrome was accompanied by mild dehydration and acidosis. All horses survived after persistent symptomatic treatment including the giving of intravenous fluids, enemas, analgesics every 3 h, multiple doses of paraffin oil per os and dexamethasone intravenously. Following the eventual relief of constipation the horses scoured profusely for 24 h before their condition returned to normal.
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PMID:Illness in horses following spraying with amitraz. 650 68

Water intake fluctuates over the estrous cycle in rats, with daily intake lowest on the day of estrus. Since estrogen levels are highest preceding estrus and since the brain integrates thirst behavior, a possible central action of estrogen on fluid regulatory mechanisms was investigated in adult male and ovariectomized female rats. Ad libitum drinking was not changed the day of intracerebroventricular injection of estradiol benzoate (EB) but was significantly depressed the following day in females only. Drinking induced by intracerebroventricular angiotensin but not carbachol or cellular dehydration was also depressed in females the day after central EB treatment; again, no change occurred in males. To determine whether central EB depressed other centrally mediated responses to angiotensin, pressor responses to intracerebroventricular injections of angiotensin, carbachol, and hypertonic NaCl were also assessed. Only angiotensin-induced pressor responses in females were attenuated by central EB treatment, with a time course similar to that observed for the depression of drinking. We conclude that central regulatory responses to angiotensin are modulated by estrogen in female but not male brains.
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PMID:Angiotensin-estrogen interaction in female brain reduces drinking and pressor responses. 674 27

Three strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) (064:KSNT, K88ac; 020:KSNT, K88ac and 08:K85ab, K99) originally cultured from outbreaks of diarrhoea in piglets a few hours old, were administered orally to gnotobiotic piglets. There was a marked age-related difference in the clinical response to infection between the 3 strains although they all produced heat-stable toxin. All 3 strains produced severe clinical signs of depression, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhoea, followed by dehydration and death in one-day-old piglets. In piglets infected at 3 days of age the two K88+ ETEC caused diarrhoea and death but the K99+ ETEC induced moderate diarrhoea only. In piglets infected at 7 days of age, the 064 strain produced severe diarrhoea and death, and 020 strain caused mild diarrhoea in 3 of 6 piglets with one death while the 08 strain caused no illness. Pathological changes in the intestinal tract associated with these infections were minimal, or absent. Immunofluorescent staining with homologous hyperimmune sera demonstrated adherence of the 3 ETEC strains to the brush border of small intestinal epithelial cells. Fluorescing organisms were observed in all infected piglets irrespective of the severity of clinical signs but the degree and extent of colonisation varied with the age of the piglets and the infecting strain. This may explain the difference in clinical response between the 3 strains.
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PMID:Experimental colibacillosis in gnotobiotic piglets exposed to 3 enterotoxigenic serotypes. 676 Aug 49

Vanadium added to laying rations as NH4 VO3, VOCl2 or VOSO4 at levels of 20 to 80 ppm resulted in a rapid and substantial reduction in albumen quality as measured by Haugh units. Dietary vanadium also resulted in reduced egg production, egg weight, body weight, feed consumption, and poorer shell quality as measured by specific gravity. Ascorbic acid at .4 to .5% effectively protected the hen from the reduction in albumen quality, egg production, and body weight for up to 40 ppm vanadium, but not the reduction of egg weight. Replacement of soybean meal by 20% dietary cottonseed meal also protected the hen from the reduction in albumen quality, egg production, and body weight for up to 40 ppm vanadium. Added at levels of 4 to 8 times the molecular concentration of vanadium, EDTA had no consistent effect on vanadium toxicity. Dehydrated grass, at levels of 6 to 12%, maintained egg production but had no effects on the reduction in albumen quality caused by 40 ppm vanadium. Replacement of soybean meal with herring fish meal and part of the grain with sucrose intensified the depression of albumen quality, egg production, and loss of body weight caused by added vanadium. Neither varying dietary protein levels from 12 to 25% using soybean meal nor the addition of 20 ppm chromium had any effect on the toxicity of added vanadium. It appears that vanadium expresses its toxicity in laying hens by several routes since the protective effects of different dietary changes and additives differentially affected the loss of albumen quality, egg production, body weight, and egg weight.
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PMID:Effects of diet composition on vanadium toxicity in laying hens. 679 Nov 52


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