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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In serous and secretory otitis media a reduction of bone conduction frequently exists besides the loss of air conduction. In 304 audiograms of ears with serous and viscous fluid in the middle ear there was a depression of the bone conduction between 15 and 40 dB in 40%. This bone conduction loss was reversible after the aeration of the tympanic cavity. That means that we deal with a false nerve deafness in many of these cases.
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PMID:[Bone conduction changes in secretory otitis media (author's transl)]. 14 76

100 consecutively referred school-age children were evaluated for learning or behavior disorders. 45 children had one of three classical neurological syndromes of epilepsy, sensorineural deafness, or childhood migraine. The 26 children with epilepsy required medication adjustment to improve behavior or learning. Operational criteria for childhood depression, specific learning disability, developmental hyperactivity, and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome were used to establish the correct diagnosis in 55 children. 32 children had a single diagnosis, while 23 children fulfilled the criteria of two diagnostic categories. The diagnostic categorization permitted specific counseling of the child and family, development of a proper school program, and correct pharmacotherapy (when indicated).
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PMID:Use of operational criteria in an office practice for diagnosis of children referred for evaluation of learning or behavior disorders. 50 49

Furosemide injection was used in a total of 72 guinea pigs to induce a cochlear dysfunction similar to the sensorineural loss associated with sudden deafness. Prior to the furosemide administration, 38 of the animals were treated with an injection of one of four radio-contrast media; methylglucamine and sodium diatrizoate, sodium iothalamate, methylglucamine and sodium iodamide, and methylglucamine diatrizoate. In the control animals, receiving only furosemide, both endocochlear potential (EP) and cochlear microphonic (CM) underwent a severe depression followed by recovery and subsequent secondary depression. Animals pretreated with one of the first three compounds showed little or no EP or CM depression. Animals pretreated with the fourth, methylglucamine diatrizoate, showed the same EP depression as the control animals. The possible mechanism for this blocking effect and its significance in the clinical treatment of sudden deafness is discussed.
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PMID:Blocking effect of radio-contrast media on cochlear depression. 62 17

The personality of deaf people was studied within the framework of the Eysenck concept of personality. Data gathered with the Personality Inventory AUPI could be evaluated in 66 deaf people (43 connatal or early acquired deafness, 25 late deafness, i.e. after full language development). The consistency of the AUPI Scales in the normal population about corresponds to that in the deaf people. -- Those who went deaf "early" showed a statistically significant higher degree of extraversion than the normal population. There was no significant difference in neuroticism (emotional lability). "Early" deaf people had the highest value of psychoticism; and those who developed deafness "late" also differed significantly from the normal population. Psychoticism is--according to Baumann and Dittrich reactive aggressivity and depression (reactive to frustration).
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PMID:[Extraversion (e), neuroticism (n), and psychoticism (p) in deaf people (author's transl)]. 118 Jun 92

Consecutive recipients of multichannel cochlear implants participated in preimplant as well as 9-month and 18-month psychological evaluations. Before receiving a cochlear implant, psychological tests indicated that the implant recipients were more depressed, suspicious, socially isolated, lonely, and socially anxious than was the general population. After 18 months of implant use, there was a significant reduction in depression, loneliness, social anxiety, social isolation, and suspiciousness. These changes in psychological state did not correlate with improved performance on audiological measures. The data suggest that although cochlear implants can have a positive effect on the emotional and behavioral status of persons with acquired postlingual profound deafness, the psychological outcome of implants is not simply a function of the audiological benefit assessed with standardized speech-based audiological tests.
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PMID:Psychological change following 18 months of cochlear implant use. 174 19

We investigated boredom proneness and depression among 50 profoundly deaf residential school adolescents using the Boredom Proneness (BP) scale and a version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) that has been modified for use with deaf subjects. Consistent with previous research, the deaf students had a significantly higher incidence of depression than the hearing students. In addition, the deaf students were found to be significantly more boredom prone than the hearing subjects. The results suggest that deafness not only increases a person's vulnerability to mild levels of depression, but also tends to augment one's tendency toward experiencing boredom. Implications for educational settings and areas for future research are discussed.
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PMID:The prevalence of boredom proneness and depression among profoundly deaf residential school adolescents. 179 78

Diabetes mellitus and bilateral optic atrophy are the defining characteristics of the autosomal recessive Wolfram syndrome. Diabetes insipidus, neurogenic bladder, deafness, and other neurological manifestations are frequent. A review was made of the medical records of 68 Wolfram syndrome patients, aged between 8 and 43 years, identified by casefinding throughout the USA. 41 of the patients (60%) had episodes of severe depression, psychosis, or organic brain syndrome, as well as impulsive verbal and physical aggression. These symptoms were very severe in 17 patients (25%), of whom 12 required admission to a psychiatric hospital and 11 attempted suicide. We conclude that the Wolfram syndrome gene predisposes homozygotes to psychiatric illness.
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PMID:Psychiatric findings in Wolfram syndrome homozygotes. 197 60

A contextual model of stress was employed to examine the impact of cochlear implantation on parents' levels of stress and psychological adjustment. This model provided a framework for identifying stressors tied directly to the situation, and pointed to important life roles that may be altered. Twenty-four mothers of children implanted with cochlear implants completed a series of questionnaires assessing stressors related to daily parenting tasks, time demands, and childhood deafness. Standardized measures of depression, anxiety, and somatic complaints were also administered. The results provided preliminary evidence that parents of children receiving cochlear implants experience higher levels of stress and poorer psychological adjustment than parents of normally hearing children. Greater parenting stress and emotional distress were reported by parents of children using multichannel as opposed to single-channel devices, with little evidence that this was related strongly to length of time using the devices. Finally, in analyses controlling for type of device and length of use, parenting stress as measured in the current study, accounted for substantial proportions of the variance in psychological distress. The implications of these findings, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.
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PMID:Cochlear implants in children: a study of parental stress and adjustment. 206 97

Communication strategies, accommodations to deafness, and perceptions of the communication environment by profoundly deaf subjects were correlated with indices of psychosocial adjustment to determine whether accommodations to deafness could play a role in the presence of psychological difficulties among deaf persons. Persons with postlingually acquired profound deafness were administered the Communication Profile for the Hearing Impaired (CPHI) and several standardized tests of psychological functioning and adjustment. Inadequate communication strategies and poor accommodations to deafness reported on the CPHI were associated with depression, social introversion, loneliness, and social anxiety. Limited communication performance at home and with friends was related to both social introversion and the experience of loneliness; perceived attitudes and behaviors of others correlated with depression as well as loneliness. In general, the pattern of correlations obtained suggests that specific communication strategies and accommodations to deafness, rather than deafness per se, may contribute to the presence of some psychological difficulties in individuals.
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PMID:The relationship between communication problems and psychological difficulties in persons with profound acquired hearing loss. 223 46

The pathogenic effects derived by the emission of noises and vibrations, essentially, are conditioned from three etiological factors. The first of those is the energetic level of the sound emission, whereas the second is the exposure time and the last is the spectral composition. We, making reference to sound source, can associate to the first etiological factors the influence of impulsive components present in the noise; whereas to the second the importance of the functional recovery time of auditory acuity and, at last, to the third etiological factors the annoyance caused by the superimposition of pure tone or of tight band noise, contained in 1/3 of octave. The specific effects, caused by the noise exposure, affect the auditory system (acoustic trauma, auditory weariness, noise deafness) and the vestibular system (vertigo, sickness, trouble of balance). Those effects are fortly dependent to the entity of the sound energy accepted in a calculated time interval (LEP), and after the end of noise expositions they aren't developed. The specific effects became permanent when the degeneration of the Corti's cells occurred. The noise deafness, in first time, impair the frequencies included between 3000 and 6000 Hz, particularly it concerns the thigh band of 4000 Hz. Those lesions happen after a prolonged exposition to LEP greater than 80-85 dBA, and its evolutions, usually, follow a succession of clinical stages that can be monitored through audiometric controls to allow the necessary preventive measures. The nonspecific effects, derived to the noise exposition can be divided in: 1) neuroendocrinologic and psychological effects; 2) psychosomatic effects; 3) psychosocial effects. The psychological effects (anxiety, depression, conflict condiction) are strictly related with neuroendocrinological responses to the sound impact, this, for the smaller entity of stimulation, is identical to locality reaction, on the contrary for more violent stimulations those determine and adaptative reaction (Selye syndrome) that consist in a excitement of the thalamus and pituitary gland, this determines a multiple endocrine hyperactivity followed from a inhibition period or, possibly, an adaptation period. The noise exposure determines, besides, same E.E.G. alterations and a reduction of walls' tone of the brain's arteries. The psychosomatic effects of the noise appear with emission greater than or equal to 70 dBA and these can be distinguished in: cardiovascular effects, gastrointestinal effects, respiratory effects, visual and genitals effects. The noise in these cases, mainly, acts as a risk's factors. The noise is, again, the cause of the arising of psychosocial effects. These can be classified as: interference on the transmission and understanding of the words, perfect healthy respect the efficiency and the learning capacity of the exposed subject, interference on the duration and quality of the sleep.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Annoyance, disturbance and damage caused by noise and vibrations]. 248 61


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