Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

13 patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA) and 12 with interstitial lung disease (ILD) of known cause were studied for their humoral response to herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Serum antibodies to HSV and CMV were within the normal range in all patients. 10 patients with CFA had raised serum antibodies to EBV, and IgA against viral-capsid antigen (VCA) was detectable in all 13. In the other 12 patients EBV serological profiles were normal and IgA against VCA was detectable in only 1 patient. The EBV antibody levels did not correlate with the level of circulating immune complexes, the presence of rheumatoid factors, or the cytological findings of the alveolitis. The presence of IgG against VCA in 5 CFA patients suggests local production of EBV-specific immunoglobulins. Elevated IgG and IgA against EBV in CFA may indicate non-specific depression of cell-mediated immunity or that EBV plays a part in the aetiology of CFA.
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PMID:Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and Epstein-Barr virus: an association? 614 20

The influence of herpes zoster virus infection on cell-mediated and humoral immunity to varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) was followed in 17 zoster patients from the first week to 6 months after start of eruptions. The clinical responses were registered and correlated to the immune responses. A significant depression in blast transformation on stimulation of lymphocytes with all three antigens was found on days 1 to 5 compared with transformations later after zoster eruptions and compared with controls. Phytohemagglutinin exhibited the same stimulation in the different groups and controls. No significant differences in interferon production in the various groups and controls were found on stimulation with the VZV and HSV antigens. All zoster patients became seropositive by complement fixation to VZV a few days after start of the zoster eruption. Two zoster patients showed a fourfold rise in complement fixation antibodies to HSV. Three patients had changes in complement fixation titers to cytomegalovirus, which could indicate new infection or reactivation of infection with this virus. A significant lower transformation index to VZV was found during the first 9 days in zoster patients with fever compared with patients without fever. The relevance of this observation is discussed in relation to a previous similar observation from our group.
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PMID:Cell-mediated and humoral immunity to herpesviruses during and after herpes zoster infections. 616 9

Splenic lymphocytes from cytomegalovirus-infected mice lost their in vitro proliferative responses to cytomegalovirus antigen within 3 h after in vivo treatment with antilymphocyte globulin and prednisolone. The response was inhibited when the agents were administered separately or together, and inhibition persisted through a 2-week course of immunosuppression. Circulating specific antibodies were depressed by multiple injections of antilymphocyte globulin alone or with prednisolone, but not by prednisolone alone. Mitogen-induced blast transformation was immediately depressed by immunosuppression with both agents. Although the response to lipopolysaccharide returned briefly, it declined with continuing treatment. Cytomegalovirus infection augmented the depressive effect of immunosuppression on the lipopolysaccharide proliferative response. Prednisolone treatment of infected animals did not affect the concanavalin A response, and lipopolysaccharide stimulation decreased more slowly and to a lesser extent than it did in mice treated with antilymphocyte globulin or both agents. Loss of specific cell-mediated immunity and simultaneous depression of humoral immunity indicated that immunosuppression immediately created an inability to respond to an active cytomegalovirus infection.
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PMID:Immediate loss of cell-mediated immunity to murine cytomegalovirus upon treatment with immunosuppressive agents. 626 40

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific humoral and cellular immunity was evaluated prospectively during and after 19 normal human pregnancies. Seropositive pregnant subjects had lymphocyte proliferative responses to purified CMV antigen that were markedly depressed by the end of the third trimester of pregnancy despite persistent levels of complement-fixing and immunofluorescent antibodies to CMV. These reduced lymphocyte proliferative responses returned to levels detected early in pregnancy by one year after delivery. None of the subjects excreted CMV during the study period. General parameters of cellular immunity, including thymus derived-cell counts as determined by formation of erythrocyte rosettes and mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation, were unaffected. Reactivation of latent CMV during pregnancy might be related to transient depression of CMV-specific cellular immunity.
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in human pregnancy. 626 13

Suppression of the blastogenic response of spleen cells was found during murine cytomegalovirus infection of the genetically susceptible BALB/c and also the more resistant BALB.K strains of mice. These results were observed for both the T-cell mitogen concanavalin A and the B-cell mitogen lipopolysaccharide. As the viral inoculum was increased, there was greater immunosuppression within each strain, the time of maximum depression coinciding with peak virus titers in the spleen. Although both strains developed similar splenic virus titers and exhibited a similar decrease in the proportion of splenic T-lymphocytes, there was greater suppression of the mitogenic response during sublethal infection of the more susceptible BALB/c strain. The suppression could not be readily accounted for by the presence of suppressor cells or by a change in sensitivity to mitogen. The results suggest that the extent of immunosuppression induced by murine cytomegalovirus is determined in part by host genotype.
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PMID:Effect of murine cytomegalovirus infection on mitogen responses in genetically resistant and susceptible mice. 628 Nov 88

Infection of murine peritoneal macrophages with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) led to disruption of phagocytosis. This alteration of cellular behavior appeared to be an early event in viral replication appearing 24 to 36 h before virus production and 84 to 108 h before cell death. The effects of a variety of antiviral agents on both MCMV replication and MCMV-induced depression of phagocytosis were evaluated in vitro. Although all compounds thought to act by preventing viral DNA replication inhibited MCMV replication in macrophages, none prevented expression of virus-induced alteration of phagocytosis. Cycloheximide at 1 microM blocked viral replication and viral antigen expression and prevented depression of phagocytic activity.
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PMID:Effects of antiviral agents on murine cytomegalovirus-induced macrophage dysfunction. 628 45

Immune responses and infections with herpes viruses were studied prospectively in 36 cardiac transplant recipients. Specific lymphocyte transformation and interferon production in response to viral antigens, viral culture results, antibody levels, responses to phytohemagglutinin, and T-cell numbers were determined. Responses to phytohemagglutinin and T-cell numbers were depressed for six to 12 weeks. Cytomegalovirus infection occurred in 100 percent of seropositive patients and in 62 percent of seronegative patients. Primary infection was more frequently symptomatic. Heart implantation from a seropositive patient wwas significantly correlated with subsequent infection in seronegative patients. Depression of transformation in response to cytomegalovirus correlated with prolonged shedding. Herpes simplex infection occurred in 95 percent of seropositive patients but decreased after 12 weeks. Asymptomatic shedding was rare, and primary infection did not occur. Return of transformation in response to herpes simplex was associated with decreased infection. Herpes zoster occurred in 22 percent during the first year, and transformation responses to varicella-zoster returned thereafter. Depression of interferon production in response to viruses did not correlate with infection as well as did lymphocyte transformation.
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PMID:Specific cell-mediated immunity and infections with herpes viruses in cardiac transplant recipients. 629 87

A previously healthy patient with classic hemophilia who was on a home infusion program with factor VIII concentrates developed an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome manifested by a dramatic weight loss (47 kg over 12 months), lassitude, transient thrombocytopenia, and opportunistic infections with Varicella zoster, Pneumocystis carinii, and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. The patient was not homosexual and had no history of intravenous drug abuse. Immunologic studies showed a persistent lymphopenia with reversal of helper/suppressor-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte ratios, depression of human natural killer cell function, and in-vitro lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens and viral antigens. Serum IgA levels were also elevated. Serum antibodies against cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus, Varicella zoster, and hepatitis B virus were shown, suggesting previous infection by these agents. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection was suggested by a rising titer of antibodies against cytomegalovirus concurrent with pneumocystis pneumonia, and was confirmed by the growth of this virus in a throat culture 2 months later.
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PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection in a previously healthy patient with classic hemophilia. Clinical, immunologic, and virologic findings. 629 53

By the use of indirect immunofluorescence it is shown that "early" functions of human cytomegalovirus induce a loss of microtubuli in human foreskin fibroblasts within 12 hours postinfection (p.i.) which persists until about 60 hours p.i. At later times p.i. microtubular structures are eventually reestablished. Following depression during the initial 48 hours p.i. tubulin synthesis in infected cells is significantly enhanced during the initial 48 hours p.i. tubulin synthesis in infected cells is significantly enhanced during the late phase of the infectious cycle suggesting that the mechanisms regulating tubulin synthesis are not impaired.
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PMID:Microtubular reaction in human fibroblasts infected by cytomegalovirus. Brief report. 630 23

Immunoregulation of lymphocyte blastogenesis was studied in 13 patients with acute-phase cytomegalovirus (CMV) mononucleosis and 9 of these patients during the convalescent phase of the illness. Peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from acute-phase patients displayed depressed uptake of [3H-]thymidine in response to the lectin-mitogen concanavalin A (Con A) and immune-specific viral antigens (CMV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), mumps virus) compared with convalescent patients or normal donors. Removal of plastic-adherent cells from the patients' samples resulted in further depression of lymphocyte blastogenesis to Con A and CMV and HSV antigens, suggesting a helper function for the predominantly monocytic, adherent cell population in this response. Preliminary culture of mononuclear leukocytes from acute-phase patients for 18 hr at 37 degrees C resulted in significantly enhanced blastogenesis to Con A. In sharp contrast, lymphocyte blastogenesis to viral antigens was not significantly enhanced after preculture. These results suggest that different mechanisms are operative in immunoregulation of lymphocyte recognition responses to the polyclonal activator Con A and immune-specific viral antigens during human CMV infection.
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PMID:Alteration of immunoregulatory mechanisms during cytomegalovirus mononucleosis: effect of in vitro culture on lymphocyte blastogenesis to viral antigens. 630 73


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