Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There is little doubt that high blood serum lipid levels are related to a higher incidence of atherosclerotic disease in humans. Experimental evidence to date suggests that dietary intervention can reduce blood lipid levels in most cases and that some small reduction in occurrence of cardiovascular disease will probably result. On the other hand no reduction in total mortality has been demonstrated in the well constructed dietary studies. It appears that there is considerable variation in the human population with regard to their patterns of lipid metabolism. Some apparently regulate body production of cholesterol in response to dietary changes, others do not. Some seem to excrete excess sterols efficiently, while some do not. It seems likely, therefore, that dietary manipulation would be useful for those disposed by heredity and other conditions to accumulation of excessive sterols in the body. On the other hand drug control of cholesterol biosynthesis and/or sterol excretion may be more effective solutions to the problem of sterol accumulation. Irrespective of whether diet or drugs prove to be the best answer to control of sterol balance, these should be applied only to that segment of the population known to require such treatment. The egg is an important dietary source of cholesterol and as a result is used sparingly in low cholesterol diets. On the other hand normal egg consumption of two eggs per day does not appear to overload cholesterol balance in the healthy human adult since depression in cholesterol biosynthesis and increased sterol excretion will result. Investigation of the lipid metabolism of the laying hen has shown that most of the cholesterol found in the egg is synthesized in the liver where it is under both dietary and drug control. Most of the cholesterol deposited in egg yolk may be essential for embryonic development. Drugs that severely limit cholesterol biosynthesis probably also limit synthesis of adrenal and sex hormones and hence limit reproduction. Moderate depressions in lipogenesis achieved without feeding of large amounts of dietary fat may offer a means for moderating cholesterol deposition in eggs. On the other hand, it also seems clear that genetic selection could be used to moderate egg cholesterol concentration. In any event, a great deal more evidence from well constructed human diet studies will be needed before low cholesterol diets can be recommended to the general population as an aid to control of cholesterol balance and heart disease.
 ...
PMID:The cholesterol problem, the egg and lipid metabolism in the laying hen. 77 20

Variations in clinical noninvasive systolic pressure at the point of symptom-limited exercise on a treadmill were examined in six groups of subjects: 5,459 men and 749 women classified into three categories each. Among the men, 2,532 were asymptomatic healthy, 592 were hypertensive and 1,586 had clinical manifestations of coronary heart disease (that is, typical angina pectoris, prior myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac arrest with resuscitation). Among the women, 244, 158 and 347 were in the corresponding clinical categories. None had had cardiac surgery; all had follow-up status ascertained by periodic mail questionnaires. Reported deaths were reviewed and classified by three cardiologists; 140 deaths were attributed to coronary heart disease, 118 of them in the men classified as having coronary heart disease. The majority of maximal systolic blood pressure readings were reported to the nearest centimeter rather than millimeter of pressure. Retesting of 156 persons from 1 to 32 months later showed that pressure values agreed within 10 percent in two thirds, the overall mean difference was only 8.6 mm Hg and the correlation at maximal exercise was superior to that of the resting observations just before exercise. Hypertensive patients had a significantly greater body weight than normotensive persons. Among men, the lowest maximal systolic pressure was observed in the group with coronary heart disease; among women, the lowest mean pressure was found in the healthy group. Patients with coronary heart disease were slightly older, and only the women showed a significant correlation in maximal pressure with age. Only 5 percent of the variation in maximal systolic pressure in the patients with coronary heart disease was due to a shortened duration of exercise. Maximal systolic pressures correlated fairly well (r equals 0.46 to 0.68 for the various groups) with resting systolic pressure, and this relation was independent of the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in both men and women. Relations between pressure and the number of stenotic coronary arteries and imparied ejection fraction at rest were examined in 22 men without and 182 men with coronary artery disease. Lower maximal systolic pressures were often associated with two or three vessel disease or reduced ejection fraction, or both. The prognostic value of maximal systolic pressure for subsequent death due to coronary heart disease was examined in the men with coronary heart disease. The annual rate of sudden cardiac death decreased from 97.9 per 1,000 men to 25.3 and 6.6 per 1,000 men as the range of maximal systolic pressure increased from less than 140 to 140 to 199 and to 200 mm Hg or more, respectively. Cardiomegaly, Q waves in the resting electrocardiogram and persistent postexertional S-T depression were more common in men with the lowest systolic pressure at maximal exercise.
 ...
PMID:Variations in and significance of systolic pressure during maximal exercise (treadmill) testing. 87 Nov 10

Previous studies have indicated that postural hypotension is an uncommon event when tricyclic antidepressants are used in the treatment of depression, and other studies have indicated that postural hypotension is a possible predictor of positive therapeutic response to antidepressant therapy. In this study, 20 depressed patients with the diagnosis of primary affective disorders were hospitalized and treated with tricyclic antidepressants. All patients had been without medication for at least 2 weeks before the study began. Blood pressure recordings were made after a 5-minute resting period and then followed by another reading after the patient had been standing for 2 minutes. Our findings indicate that these patients with primary affective disorders developed significant orthostatic hypotension. It is our belief that orthostatic hypotension is a significant event in patients who have primary affective disorders treated with tricyclic antidepressants, and this sign should be looked for in all patients regardless of age or the presence of significant cardiovascular disease.
 ...
PMID:Incidence of orthostatic hypotension in patients with primary affective disorders treated with tricyclic antidepressants. 88 3

Cardiovascular disease is one of the disorders resulting in sudden incapacitation and is the most common malady leading to medical retirement. It is very important for us to control this disease among pilots. Generally, pilots undergo medical checkups at health control service on the ground, but they do not undergo these checkups during flight operations. We obtained a continuous ECG recording on four pilots to assess cardiac reserve capacity for mental load during flight operation. Results show that no significant ischemic changes of ST-segment and T-wave during flight were noticed except in one case of atrial fibrillation in which significant depression of ST-segment occurred while walking up a stairway after flight. An increased number of ectopic beats was found in another normal case. In general, it was suspected that mental load is greater at landing than takeoff.
 ...
PMID:Continuous ECG monitoring on civil air crews during flight operations. 90 98

Eleven elderly patients with idiopathic pericarditis are reported. All but one were older than 60 yr. Evidence of ischemic cardiovascular disease was present in 8 patients. The initial diagnosis was heart failure with pulmonary complications in 4 cases and myocardial infarction in 3. Respiratory infection preceded the onset of pericarditis in 5 cases. Presenting symptoms were typical precordial pain, fever and dyspnea. Pericardial friction was found in 7 cases and transient rhythm disturbances in 5. Four patients had ST elevation and 3 had ST depression in their electrocardiograms. Other findings included an increased sedimentation rate, leukocytosis, elevated venous pressure and normal SGOT levels. Antibiotics were of no avail but prednisone had a dramatic effect. Two patients had a relapsing course lasting 2 yr or more. One patient, who died at the age of 75 from bleeding ulcer, had patent coronary arteries and mild perimyocardial fibrosis. The diagnosis of idiopathic pericarditis in the aged is difficult because the disease simulates ischemic heart disease in patients who frequently have evidence of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular involvment.
 ...
PMID:Acute idiopathic pericarditis in the aged. 114 70

Changes in the heart rate, blood pressure, ECG, occurring at the time of endoscopy of the stomach were studied in a group of 59 cases of cardiovascular disease and in a control group of 27 cases. With regard to arrythmias appearing at the time of endoscopy of the stomach, ventricular and atrial premature beats were the most numerous. Atrial fibrillation, as well as ventricular bigeminy were encountered. Two cases of atrial fibrillation continued even after the end of the examination. ST-T changes during endoscopy were found most frequently in the ischemic heart disease group and the valvular heart disease group. There were three cases in which severe ST depression made it necessary to stop the examination. The cardiovascular changes generally occurred at the beginning of the endoscopy examination. Two milligrams of propranolol i.v. seemed to be effective in preventing changes of heart rate.
 ...
PMID:Arrythmias and ischemic changes of the heart induced by gastric endoscopic procedures. 115 24

A five-year retrospective study of obstetric admissions to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) in the National University Hospital, Singapore was carried out with the aim of determining the incidence, causes and outcome of these admissions. Most of the patients were admitted following emergency caesarean sections. Obstetric complications was the reason for admission in 56.8% with hypertensive disease of pregnancy being the major cause and haemorrhage accounting for the rest. Anaesthetic complications accounted for 21.6% of admissions and these included difficult intubation, aspiration pneumonitis, cardiac arrhythmias and respiratory depression. Medical complications due to cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease and malignancy also accounted for 21.6% of admissions. Only 37 out of 16264 deliveries (0.22%) required intensive care support. The median of duration of stay was one day.
 ...
PMID:Obstetric admissions to the intensive care unit--a retrospective review. 129 21

There are many issues in firefighting that involve human factors and cardiopulmonary conditioning. Population-based mortality and disability surveillance studies suggest a relatively small but significant excess of disability but not mortality from nonmalignant cardiovascular disease for firefighters. More targeted cohort and case-control studies do not support such an excess and instead suggest a strong healthy worker effect. Pulmonary function among firefighters has been extensively studied, with contradictory findings. Extreme exposures and long-term exposure in combination with cigarette smoking may be risk factors for respiratory disorders and accelerated decline in airflow. It appears likely that individual firefighters who show early signs of illness are often selectively transferred out of active firefighting positions. Despite exposure to substances such as carbon monoxide that may predispose to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, excesses are not consistently shown in mortality studies. Clinical studies of individual firefighters do suggest an elevated risk for myocardial ischemia. The ergonomic demands of firefighting are extreme at peak activity because of high energy costs for activities such as climbing aerial ladders, the positive heat balance from endogenous and absorbed environmental heat, and encumbrance by bulky but necessary protective equipment. The psychological stresses of firefighting include long periods of relative inactivity punctuated by highly stressful alarms and extremely stressful situations such as rescues, as reflected in physiological and biochemical indicators. Firefighters are at risk for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, although morale overall is generally much higher than in comparable occupations. Women firefighter candidates as a group perform less well on selection test simulating the demands of active firefighting, but some individual women perform very well.
 ...
PMID:Human factors in firefighting: ergonomic-, cardiopulmonary-, and psychogenic stress-related issues. 139 9

Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, a direct link between these two states is difficult to establish, since obesity frequently occurs with other disease states such as diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have clearly shown that uncorrected obesity is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and compromised ventricular function. A number of rodent models of obesity have been studied in terms of cardiovascular adaptations. Cardiac function of the obese Zucker rat appears to be normal at a younger age. Only after several months is depression in cardiac function discernable. These animals are mildly hypertensive, but do not exhibit the characteristic increase in cardiac output associated with human obesity. A unique characteristic of JCR:LA-cp rat is that they develop atherosclerotic and myocardial lesions. Hearts from these animals will maintain normal function when perfused with physiological levels of calcium. At higher calcium concentrations, however, mechanical function becomes impaired. Dietary-induced obese rats exhibit many of the hemodynamic alterations associated with human obesity, but there is no evidence to-date that these animals will develop severe cardiac depression. Short-term weight reduction apparently has beneficial cardiovascular effects, but weight cycling may be harmful. Given the widespread occurrence of obesity, further studies are warranted to characterize the cardiac manifestations of this condition.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular abnormalities associated with human and rodent obesity. 143 63

58 acute hospitalized CVD patients were selected as study group. Each patient was administered a series of standardized quantitative measures. As a result, we found a significant difference between hemisphere (L: 55% vs R: 28% P < 0.05), and the difference was result from the highest incidence rate of PSD observed in the left anterior CVD subgroup. Meanwhile, those with left anterior lesion (cortical and subcortical) had the greater severity of depression than any other lesions. A strong negative correlation between the severity of depression and AP% was observed for left CVD group. The result of multiple stepwise regression analysis not only support the notions mentioned above but also shown up that a few factors other than location of the lesion had impact on the PSD. Finally, authors discussed the heterogenous causes of PSD and think probably biological etiology involved in the formation of PSD.
 ...
PMID:[A correlative study on post-stroke depression and CT, physical, psychological and social parameters]. 147 34


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>