Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Keratinocytes from mouse skin were cultured for a short period in vitro following single or multiple treatments at low dose levels in vivo with the known chromosome-damaging agent triethylenemelamine (TEM). The chemical was applied to the skin of HRA/Skh hairless mice at concentrations corresponding to those reported to initiate cancer in initiation-promotion assays. A significant dose-related depression in keratinocyte cell recovery occurred over the dose range 0.3-1 mg TEM/mouse (single or multiple treatments). Under the same conditions, a dose-related induction of micronuclei was observed using the cytokinesis-block method with cytochalasin B. A similar frequency of micronuclei was detected in binucleate cells from mice treated with single or multiple applications of TEM. Mice held for 12-48 h post-treatment, before removal of skin for in vitro culture, yielded highest micronuclei frequencies. These results indicate that the same target cell population, skin keratinocytes, can be used to investigate both genotoxicity and carcinogenesis, and that micronucleus induction in these cells may be a sensitive signal of skin cancer initiation.
 ...
PMID:Initiating carcinogen, triethylenemelamine, induces micronuclei in skin target cells. 275 23

The immunocompetence of the following patient groups was compared using peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a variety of in vitro assays: controls (84); hemodialysis patients (32); kidney transplant recipients without cancer (172), and those with skin cancer (18). The in vitro functions assayed were blastogenic responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen, allogeneic lymphocytes, and two cocktails of bacterial, viral, and fungal antigens; cytotoxic functions assayed were spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Compared with control subjects, hemodialysis patients showed depressed responsiveness to one antigen cocktail only. Transplant patients with no cancer showed uniformly depressed responsiveness to PHA and allogeneic lymphocytes and reduced SCMC and ADCC activity up to 12 years after transplant; responsiveness in these patients to the two antigen cocktails, after initial depression, recovered by 3 years after transplant to exceed control values. The group of 18 transplant recipients with skin cancer, when compared with transplant recipients with no cancer at a comparable period after transplant, showed similar depression of SCMC and ADCC activity, but significantly greater depression of responsiveness to PHA (P less than 0.01), allogeneic lymphocytes (P less than 0.05), and the 2 antigen cocktails (P less than 0.05).
 ...
PMID:Nonspecific immunological studies in kidney transplant recipients with and without skin cancer. 636 68

Skin cancer, the most common malignancy in white patients, is rare in black populations. Seventeen black patients have been diagnosed and treated for basal cell carcinoma in the past 20 years at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. Ten of them have died, six of various types of cancer. Of the seven living patients, one had two cancers at the time of study: a new basal cell carcinoma and generalized lymphoma. The majority of patients had some degree of mixed racial ancestry, with medium to light brown skin, a history of heavy sun exposure, and lesions appearing on the head or neck. Highly significant depression of cellular immunity was demonstrated in these patients by T-cell assay. Altered tumor surveillance is implied as an etiological factor in basal cell carcinogenesis in black patients.
 ...
PMID:Cellular immune deficiency in black patients with basal cell carcinoma. 696 44

Xeroderma pigmentosum group A gene-deficient mice easily develop skin cancers by ultraviolet radiation. Natural killer cells play an important part in tumor surveillance. To study whether ultraviolet radiation-induced suppression of natural killer cell function is involved in the high incidence of skin tumors in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum, we analyzed the number and activity of natural killer cells in ultraviolet B-irradiated xeroderma pigmentosum A model mice. The number of natural killer cells in peripheral blood significantly decreased after ultraviolet B-irradiation only in xeroderma pigmentosum A mice, but those in the spleen were not affected. As compared with the wild-type mice, the xeroderma pigmentosum A mice displayed a higher level of spontaneous splenic natural killer cell activity (10%-15% vs 3%) and inducible natural killer activity (30%-50% vs 20%-25%) after injection of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. At 24 h after the last irradiation of three and five daily consecutive exposures to 500 mJ per cm2-ultraviolet B, however, the natural killer activity in xeroderma pigmentosum A mice decreased to 60 and 30% of the preirradiated level, respectively, but it did not in the wild-type mice. The depression of natural killer activity in xeroderma pigmentosum A mice recovered to a normal level at 10 and 15 d after the last irradiation, respectively. The high incidence of skin cancers in xeroderma pigmentosum patients may be mainly due to a defect in the repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA of cutaneous cells, and possibly also due to an intensified ultraviolet-induced immunosuppression. Moreover, the present study suggests that the enhanced ultraviolet-induced impairment of natural killer function could be partially involved in cancer development.
 ...
PMID:Ultraviolet radiation-induced suppression of natural killer cell activity is enhanced in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) model mice. 1038 46

There is a lot of information in the literature about psychological disturbances in somatic diseases. For dermatological patients such data are not available. In early spring 1998 we studied the psychological changes in 247 hospitalized patients in the dermatological department of the Ruhr University Bochum. We used the German version of the internationally accepted Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We found the prevalence of psychological alterations ranged between 25.9% and 31%. The prevalence of psychological disturbances was a little higher than that seen in oncological, cardiological or neurological patient populations. Surprisingly skin cancer patients were less affected than patients with chronic inflammatory or angiological diseases. These results underline the necessity of improved psychological therapeutical strategies which must be standardized and evaluated.
 ...
PMID:[Prevalence of psychological symptoms in dermatologic patients of an acute clinic]. 1041 30

There were observed 70 patients (21 men, 49 women) with basaliomas (cancer of the skin). Mental disorders were observed in form of affective disorders (depression, hypothymic colour of the surrounding), syndrome of dismorphophobia-dismorphomania, relatively short cancerophobic feelings, somatogenic asthenia and a development of personality disorders. A forming of the mental disorders were conditioned at basaliomas by a complex influence of both somatogenic and psychogenic factors. An influence of the psychogenic factors was relatively transitory and psychologically comprehending (dysmorphophobia, cancerophobia, depression). An influence of the somatogenic factors predetermined a stability, a duration and a small reversibility of mental disorders (asthenia, irritative weakness, pathological development of the personality).
 ...
PMID:[Mental disorders in basaloma]. 1057 27

Elevated magnetic field exposures are associated with increased childhood leukaemia risk. A link with breast and other cancers has been postulated via modified melatonin activity. Other illnesses have been linked to electricity distribution, by association or mechanistic considerations. For selected illnesses, this paper estimates the annual number of excess cases that might occur near high-voltage powerlines in the UK. Within 150m of powerlines, magnetic field exposures above 0.1 microT are postulated to result in 9000 excess cases of depression in adults and 60 cases of suicide. Electric field effects can mediate increased exposure to air pollution. Within 400m of powerlines, this may result annually in 200-400 excess cases of lung cancer, 2000-3000 cases of other illnesses associated with air population and 2-6 cases of childhood leukaemia. Seventeen cases of non-melanoma skin cancer might occur by exposure directly under powerlines.
 ...
PMID:Does our electricity distribution system pose a serious risk to public health? 1216 Jun 79

In order to develop a primary care curriculum for obstetricians and gynecologists, a needs assessment was performed to determine those topics in which additional training was needed. We used a Likert scale comfort score (0-10) for evaluating or treating 14 primary care areas. The results of the 30 completed surveys showed that topics traditionally emphasized in obstetrics/gynecology training received very high comfort scores, while scores for traditional internal medicine problems were very low. We chosesix areas with the lowest comfort scores as targets for primary care education--immunizations, skin cancer screening, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, musculoskeletal complaints, and depression--and designed a seven-week rotation for obstetrics/gynecology interns. The rotation includes practical ambulatory experiences in gynecology and internal medicine, mental health assessments, thorough breast care in the breast clinic, and individual didactic instruction. The curriculum has been well received by the interns, who report more comfort in providing general women's health care. We suggest that a systematic assessment of the weaknesses and strengths of each residency can serve as the basis for curriculum planning.
 ...
PMID:The development of a primary care curriculum for obstetrics/gynecology residents. 1759 95

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often rely on their gastroenterologist for healthcare maintenance. In addition, the gastroenterologist also provides guidance to the patient's primary care physician on a broad range of issues such as vaccinations, osteoporosis screening, and cancer/dysplasia surveillance. Appropriate vaccinations should be administered to patients with IBD, particularly those likely to receive immunosuppression. Live virus vaccines are not appropriate for patients on immunosuppressive therapy, and therefore should be anticipated and given prior to initiating immunosuppression. Screening for osteoporosis is based on a combination of individual risk factors, but a history of prolonged (>3 months) steroid use over 10 mg is reason enough to obtain dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning. Smoking cessation also falls within the realm of the gastroenterologist, as current smoking has a negative impact on Crohn's disease and cessation can be related to exacerbation in ulcerative colitis. Cancer screening includes not only colorectal cancer, but discussion regarding cervical dysplasia, skin cancer, and prostate cancer. Other primary care issues include hypertension and cholesterol monitoring, depression, and ocular health. A comprehensive understanding of all of the issues that can affect a patient with IBD throughout their life cycle is important, as it can impact their natural history, medication decisions, and overall outcomes.
 ...
PMID:General health maintenance in IBD. 1959 Nov 33

Background Current knowledge of quality of life (QOL) issues affecting patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer is unsatisfactory, being based either on the use of QOL questionnaires derived from dermatology patients with predominantly benign lesions or inflammatory skin rashes, or on the use of general health QOL questionnaires. Objectives We sought to determine the impact of nonmetastatic skin cancer on patients' lives by asking such patients for their written opinions. Methods An open-ended 'Skin Cancer Quality of Life Question Sheet' was given to 100 consenting patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer [50 with malignant melanoma (MM) and 50 with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC)]. Results In total, 82 'Skin Cancer Quality of Life Question Sheets' were returned complete (40 MM and 42 NMSC). There were 44 different patient concerns voiced overall in the responses. The concerns were grouped into 10 main themes. Patients with MM were significantly more likely than those with NMSC to mention 'a sense of relief/gratitude following treatment and/or a commitment to enjoy life here on' (P = 0.001), 'feelings of anxiety/depression/guilt/stress towards oneself or family/friends' (P < 0.001) and 'strengthening of emotional relationships with family and/or friends' (P = 0.02). Patients with NMSC were significantly more likely than those with MM to mention 'concern about the public's lack of understanding and recognition of skin cancer' (P = 0.02). The theme 'realization of one's mortality' was commoner among patients with MM than with NMSC, while the theme 'concern regarding possible scarring/disfigurement or the reaction of others' was commoner among patients with NMSC than with MM, although neither of these two differences was statistically significant (P = 0.07 and P = 0.11, respectively). Conclusions QOL issues expressed by patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer highlight concerns we must address during their care. A disease-specific QOL measure suitable for both nonmetastatic MM and nonmetastatic NMSC is needed. The psychosocial impact on patients with nonmetastatic MM must not be underestimated.
 ...
PMID:Quality of life issues in nonmetastatic skin cancer. 1979 77


1 2 3 4 Next >>