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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To test a method of assessing quality of life, 200 primary brain tumor patients in an outpatient clinic answered a 20-minute questionnaire covering ten aspects of quality of life. These results were compared with Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) scores, taking age into account. Among patients with KPS 90-100 (two-thirds of the patients), the KPS alone was difficult to interpret. The questionnaire, with its specific questions related to the key dimension of well-being, provided a more definitive assessment of status. The central importance of well-being was supported by its strong statistical relationships with other dimensions. Particularly, well-being was related to freedom from depression (p < 0.0001), active social life (p < 0.0001), energy (p < 0.01), and fewer symptoms (p < 0.05). The KPS was more useful in differentiating the other one-third of the patients (KPS 50-80) but was highly sensitive to age. KPS scores, therefore, may have been unreliable. Depression, reported by half of the patients, was not predicted by the KPS when age was excluded from the regression analysis but was related to the scores in well-being and socializing. Neither depression, well-being, nor socializing was influenced by age. Thus, the questionnaire directly assessed these central, emotionally based variables, particularly among patients with satisfactory KPS. Such an assessment is especially crucial as a supplement to the KPS in evaluating brain tumor survivors, whose emotional well-being is often severely challenged by treatment after surgical excision.
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PMID:Quality of life self-reports from 200 brain tumor patients: comparisons with Karnofsky performance scores. 146 Apr 87

This study examined dichotic listening performance in three subtypes of developmental dyslexia and in children with left temporal lobe brain tumors (clinical contrast group). Each child was administered a free-recall CV syllable dichotic paradigm (30 pairs). Analysis of variance and Tukey-HSD pairwise follow-up comparison indicated that the dichotic listening performance of the left temporal lobe brain tumor contrast group (strong LEA/right ear suppression) was significantly different from those of the visual-spatial/dyseidetic (strong REA/left ear depression) and mixed (moderate REA/bilateral ear suppression) dyslexic subtypes. The language disorder/dysphonetic dyslexic subtype demonstrated a REA with right ear depression. Closer inspection of the individual performances of the language disorder/dysphonetic dyslexic subtype revealed a bimodal distribution with 12 subjects demonstrating a strong LEA/right ear suppression and 8 subjects exhibiting a strong REA/left ear depression. These results lend support for the contention that the dyslexic population is heterogeneous in nature with each subgroup exhibiting (1) a distinct neuropsychological test profile and reading pattern and (2) a pattern of performance on the dichotic listening task which is consistent with what would be expected based upon the pattern of dysfunction exhibited on neuropsychological evaluation.
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PMID:Dichotic listening performance in subtypes of developmental dyslexia and a left temporal lobe brain tumor contrast group. 154 Aug 24

A 2-year-old girl with medulloblastoma who had postoperative radiotherapy and intrathecal administration of methotrexate is reported. Five months after radiation and chemotherapy, she developed involuntary movement. Positron emission tomography (PET) demonstrated that the metabolic rate of glucose was depressed markedly in the temporal and occipital lobes, indicative of metabolic depression induced by radiation. Prompt initiation of steroid therapy ameliorated the patient's neurological symptoms. Follow-up PET revealed an increase in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the entire brain, including temporal and occipital lesions. No areas with high accumulation of (11C-methyl)-L-methionine were detectable. We concluded that PET may be useful in establishing an early diagnosis of radiation injury of the brain and in monitoring metabolic changes following radiation in brain tumor patients.
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PMID:Demonstration of cerebral radiation injury with metabolic positron emission tomography images. 182 36

An epidemiological community-based study of incident cases with non-provoked epileptic seizures, using case-referent methodology, was carried out to explore possible risk factors for epileptic seizures. 83 cases, between 17 and 74 years of age, of whom 67.4% had seizures of localized onset, were compared with 2 age- and sex-matched referents. Higher birth weight, movement disabilities, mental retardation, head trauma, brain tumor, depression, a period of unemployment during the previous 6 months and a history of epilepsy in relatives were more common in cases than in referent subjects. No difference was found in the socioeconomic factors investigated, except that the cases belonged to smaller households. Prematurity, home or hospital birth, parents' age at birth of cases or referents, febrile convulsions in relatives, various infections including meningitis and encephalitis, cerebrovascular disease, and alcohol, tobacco, sleep and nutritional habits were not found to be associated with development of seizures. The recent life events investigated, at home or at work, occurred as often in cases as in referents, except that significantly fewer cases had received any increase in salary during the last 6 months. The relationship between depression and development of seizures should be explored further. Moreover, the possibility of false negative results should be considered because of the sample size.
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PMID:An incident case-referent study of epileptic seizures in adults. 235 57

Barbiturate anesthesia for cesarean section was well described by Kosaka almost 20 years ago. However, light balanced anesthesia has become the unofficial standard general anesthesia for cesarean section in this country. This light anesthetic technique could be catastrophic in the patient with raised intracranial pressure. The dilemma posed by cesarean section of a young woman with posterior fossa brain tumor led us to revive use of Kosaka's higher doses of thiobarbiturate. Together with regional and topical anesthesia of the larynx and trachea, this method resulted in stable maternal hemodynamics without resulting in neonatal depression.
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PMID:Cesarean section in a patient with brain tumor: a clinical report. 249 72

Brain tumor is one of the most common forms of cancer in children. The therapy includes surgical interventions, radiation of the central nervous system and chemotherapy. Combining these methods of treatment has remarkably improved the survival of children with certain brain tumours (e.g. medulloblastoma). However, long-term studies have revealed serious psychological and somatic consequences of the disease and the treatment. This paper presents the results of a pilot study of nine children with brain tumor. The patients were examined using a battery of neuropsychological methods (Luria's Neuropsychological Investigation, WISC-R), a semi-structured interview (Child Assessment Schedule), a parent report form (Achenbach Child Behaviour Checklist) and a clinical neurological examination. The most striking finding from this investigation was in the psychosocial field. Except for one child, all the patients showed an introvert reaction pattern with a tendency towards anxiety, depression and social withdrawal. All the children showed some neurological and neuropsychological deficits. Except in the case of two mentally retarded children, cognitive functions were within the lower normal range. Specific learning, memory and fine-motor disabilities were found in more than half of the patients. The investigation suggested that both fine-motor and mental performance was detrimentally affected by increased speed. This seems to be an area of special interest for further studies.
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PMID:[Psychological and neurologic long-term consequences of brain tumors in children. A pilot study]. 260 99

With progress in cellular immunology and the development of hybridoma technology, the idea of manipulating host-tumor immune interactions to improve the prognosis of brain tumors has aroused renewed interest. Although no brain tumor-specific antigens have been found, and in spite of the wide antigenic heterogeneity of brain tumor cells, some monoclonal antibodies possessing restricted specificity have been isolated and their potential clinical applications investigated. One of the most pronounced changes in the cellular immune responses of brain tumor patients is a profound depression of the T4-helper lymphocytes. Clinical and laboratory trials are under way to assess the ability of lymphokines, such as gamma-interferon or interleukin-2, to restore immunologic competence in these patients and potentiate a specific anti-tumor immunologic response. Recent work suggests that the endothelium-astrocyte complex may have a pivotal role in assisting the escape of brain tumors from the host's immunologic responses, since it is responsible for the intracerebral sequestration of antigens and local anti-tumor responses. In this review, the data on the antigenic properties of central nervous system tumors and the host's humoral and cellular immune responses to them are analyzed and potential immunologic therapies are discussed.
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PMID:Immunology of central nervous system tumors. 268 42

Psychiatric symptoms may be the only clue to the presence of a brain tumor. Careful physical, neurologic and psychiatric examinations will reveal the diagnosis. Affective and schizophrenia-like psychoses are related to dysfunctions of the right and left hemispheres, respectively. Lesions of the temporal lobes commonly cause depression. Psychotropic medications may improve symptoms in the presence of tumor. There is no clinical method of localizing or excluding a brain tumor by its psychiatric manifestations.
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PMID:Psychiatric symptoms and brain tumor. 301 15

Regional glucose metabolic rate constants and blood-to-brain transport of rubidium were estimated using positron emission tomography in an adolescent patient with a brain tumor, before and after chemotherapy with intravenous high-dose methotrexate. Widespread depression of cerebral glucose metabolism was apparent 24 hours after drug administration, which may reflect reduced glucose phosphorylation, and the influx rate constant for 82Rb was increased, indicating a drug-induced alteration in blood-brain barrier function. Associated changes in neuropsychological performance, electroencephalogram, and plasma amino acid concentration were identified in the absence of evidence of systemic methotrexate toxicity, suggesting primary methotrexate neurotoxicity.
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PMID:Reduced cerebral glucose metabolism and increased brain capillary permeability following high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy: a positron emission tomographic study. 349 28

Despite the safety of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the presence of such potentially dangerous CNS disorders as CNS infections, brain tumor, and normal pressure hydrocephalus, increased intracranial pressure is still considered an absolute contraindication. In addition, although ECT has been administered to patients with pneumonia, it has never been used when respiratory failure is present. The safe and effective use of ECT in a patient in whom life-threatening refusal to cooperate with medical therapy appeared to be caused by a combination of depression and organic brain disease is reported.
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PMID:ECT in the presence of increased intracranial pressure and respiratory failure: case report. 405 10


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