Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lateral X-ray pictures of the skull in certain several and chronic disorders of the blood as thalassaemia, congenital haemolytic anaemia, sickle cell anaemia and iron deficiency disease show frequently changes of the outlines of the cranial bones. They consist of a double contour of the outer cranial border and on the interior side below the sagittal sutura of a band-like shadow or of multiple stripes and lines running parallel to the carnial vault. They concern the parietal bones and may extend from the bregma till to the lamda or occupy only a part of this distance. The roentgenological features are due to the enlargement of the crainal bones, the bulging out of both parietal bondes, the sometimes enlarged and deepened borders of the sulcus sagittalis superior and particularly to the furrow and depression on the skull above the sagittal suture caused by the protruding parietal bones on both sides. As these different abnormal structures must be passed by the picturing X-ray, effects of superposition and interference are produced. Longitudinal ridges or bony edges which could explain the roentgenological findings could not be established. Since the peculiar alterations of the cranial bones are mainly found in the mentioned blood disorders, where they are caused by the overgrowing red marrow, they also display the same roentgenological features. These features are, therefore, a characteristic sign of these diseases.
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PMID:[Double contours and companion shadows in the skull associated with anaemias (author's transl)]. 15 80

Center vertebral end-plate depression was originally reported to be pathognomonic for sickle cell disease. Two patients without hemoglobinopathy were found to have this deformity. One patient has congenital hereditary spherocytosis; the other has no blood dyscrasia but is osteopenic. Therefore, although this deformity is usually due to sickle cell disease, it is not pathognomonic.
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PMID:Vertebral end-plate depression: report of two patients without hemoglobinopathy. 40 87

A 7-year-old black boy with sickle cell disease, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, mild left ventricular dysfunction, and normal coronary arteries developed angina pectoris five months after cessation of hypertransfusion therapy. Exercise-induced ECG ST segment depression associated with angina disappeared following transfusion therapy.
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PMID:Angina pectoris in a child with sickle cell anemia. 67 56

In mice, DMPS (250 mg/kg, i.v.) combined with diazepam (1.25 mg/kg, i.p.) could increase LD50 of p. o. SCD 5.3 times. DMPS (62.5 mg/kg, i.v.) antagonized completely the respiratory depression and neuromuscular blockade caused by SCD(7.5 mg/kg, i.v.) in rabbits. SCD (15 mg/kg, i.v.) caused tremor, tonic convulsion and the abnormal paroxysmal discharges in EEG in rabbits. DMPS (0.5 mg/kg, i.c.v) could not eliminate the abnormal paroxysmal discharges in EEG of rabbits. DMPS (62.5 mg/kg, i.v.) combined with diazepam (5 mg/kg, i.v.) completely and rapidly antagonize these toxic symptoms and the abnormal changes in EEG.
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PMID:[Antidotal effects of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate sodium (DMPS) and combined with diazepam on acute poisoning caused by sodium ammonium dimethyl-2-propano-1,3-dithiosulfate monohydrate (SCD)]. 133 78

Patients with sickle cell anemia were treated with daily doses of hydroxyurea, to assess pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and increase in fetal hemoglobin (Hb) production in response to the drug. Plasma hydroxyurea clearances were not a useful guide to maximum tolerated doses of the drug. The mean daily single oral dose that could be maintained for at least 16 weeks was 21 mg/kg (range, 10 to 35 mg/kg). Among 32 patients, last HbF levels were 1.9% to 26.3% (mean, 14.9%) with increases in HbF over initial values of 1.4% to 20.2% (mean, 11.2%). The most significant predictors of last HbF were last plasma hydroxyurea level, initial white blood count and initial HbF concentration. Last HbF was not related to beta globin haplotype or alpha globin gene number. No serious toxicity was encountered. Clinically significant bone marrow depression was avoided, and chromosome abnormalities after 2 years of treatment were no greater than those observed before treatment. The period of observation has been too short to evaluate the risk of carcinogenesis. Patient's red cells developed striking macrocytosis. Median red cell Hb concentrations did not change. Hb concentrations increased, on average 1.2 g/dL, but serum erythropoietin levels increased. Patients' body weights increased, and some returned to work or school, but no conclusions regarding therapeutic efficacy could be drawn from this uncontrolled open-label study.
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PMID:Hydroxyurea: effects on hemoglobin F production in patients with sickle cell anemia. 137 2

Depression and demographic variables, ie, age, sex, and income were used to predict emergency treatment and hospital admissions of 46 patients with sickle cell disease. Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory. The results indicated that depression and age were significantly associated with emergency treatment and hospital admissions. Depression and age accounted for approximately 20% of the variance in explaining emergency treatment and 10% of the variance in explaining hospital admissions.
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PMID:The role of depression in hospital admissions and emergency treatment of patients with sickle cell disease. 194 11

Sodium dimercaptopropanesulphonate (DMPS) and sodium dimercaptosuccinate (DMS) were discovered to be effective antidotes for acute poisoning of insecticides SCD [sodium ammonium dimethyl-2-(propane-1,3-dithiosulfate) monohydrate], nereistoxin (4-N,N-dimethylamino-1,2-dithiolane) and cartap (dihydronereistoxin dicarbamate). In mice, DMPS (250 mg/kg) or DMS (1000 mg/kg) ip 20 min before SCD increased LD50 of ig SCD from 97 to 374 or 251 mg/kg, respectively. The prophylactic effect of DMPS was better than that of DMS. Administration of DMPS prior to cartap increased LD50 of ig cartap from 130 to 375 mg/kg. The therapeutic effect of DMPS was also demonstrated in SCD-poisoned conscious rabbits. DMPS 62.5 mg/kg or DMS 500 mg/kg iv completely antagonized the neuromuscular blockade and respiratory depression caused by SCD, nereistoxin and cartap in anesthetized rabbits. The antagonism of SCD-induced neuromuscular blockade by cysteine (400 mg/kg, iv) was less effective and of shorter duration than that by DMPS and DMS. Dimercaprol 50 mg/kg im showed little effect on SCD-induced paralysis. The antagonistic actions of sulfhydryl compounds on neuromuscular blockade induced by these insecticides probably belong to chemical antagonism.
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PMID:[Antidotal effects of sulfhydryl compounds on acute poisonings by sodium ammonium dimethyl-2-(propane-1,3-dithiosulfate) monohydrate, nereistoxin and cartap]. 217 10

This study assesses whether nonhospitalized adolescents with chronic diseases differ from their healthy peers on standardized measurements of depression, self-esteem, and life events. The study group consisted of 80 patients (20 with sickle cell disease, 40 with asthma, and 20 with diabetes). All patients had been admitted at least twice in the preceding year, had their disease for at least 2 years, and were between the ages of 12 and 18. The control group consisted of 100 adolescents, matched for age and socioeconomic status, from local schools. All subjects completed a questionnaire compiled from the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Rosenberg Scale of Self-Esteem, and the McCutcheon Life Events Checklist. Adolescents with chronic disease had higher depression scores (p less than 0.001) and lower self-esteem (p less than 0.001) than their healthy age-matched controls. There was no statistically significant difference in life events between the chronic disease and control groups. Depression, self-esteem, and life events did not differ significantly among the three disease groups. These findings suggest a need for intervention strategies to address depression and low self-esteem in adolescents with chronic disease.
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PMID:Depression, self-esteem, and life events in adolescents with chronic diseases. 226 97

An updated review on oral contraception opens with history and mechanism of action and concentrates on clinical management of users, especially adolescents. Other types of hormonal contraception are mentioned in passing. Since the introduction of Enovid in 1960, the steroid dose of pills has fallen about 10-fold, reducing side effects and especially complications to the minimum. Despite this, the public is more suspicious than ever of the danger of pills. Orals work by preventing the estrogen surge, usually blocking ovulation, and reducing endometrial development. Currently the latest low dose pills are the triphasics, which offer the lowest total dose of both estrogen and progestin to date. Some of them have such low progestin content that estrogen side effects become a problem. Guidelines for patient selection, and patient management are listed and tabulated. The ideal pill user has a mature menstrual cycle, frequent sexual activity, poor compliance with other methods, a need for maximal protection and no contraindications such as history of risk of factors for thromboembolism, cancer, migraine, sickle cell disease, or depression. Lab tests, history, and a physical exam are recommended. Instructions and danger signals are listed. Estrogenic versus androgenic pills, how to deal with breakthrough bleeding, weight gain, breast pain, and other side effects are discussed. All complaints of headache should be seriously evaluated. Use of minipills, medicated IUDs, implants, vaginal rings and injectables are briefly noted.
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PMID:Hormonal contraception. 266 92

In order to evaluate potential electrocardiographic (ECG) correlates of ST-segment depression during exercise in patients with sickle cell anemia (SS), 43 subjects, aged 5-23 years, underwent submaximal exercise testing. Eight (19%) had ST-segment depression on the exercise ECG during submaximal exercise. These eight patients had significantly lower hemoglobin levels than the 35 subjects without evidence of ST-segment depression. These eight subjects also had significantly higher peak blood pressures and peak heart rates than the 35 subjects without ST-segment depression. The product of peak heart rate and peak systolic blood pressure, the maximal double product, is a correlate of myocardial oxygen consumption and was significantly higher in the patients with ST-segment depression than in the patients without ST-segment depression. These results indicate that patients with SS and evidence of exercise-induced ST-segment depression may have decreased myocardial oxygen supply due to low hemoglobin levels and increased myocardial oxygen demand (elevated double products) when compared to subjects with SS who do not have exercise-induced ST-segment depression.
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PMID:Hemodynamic response to exercise in patients with sickle cell anemia. 227 54


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