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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examines the effects of 12 months of endurance exercise training (cycling, walking and jogging) on lipid profiles, glucose metabolism, blood pressure, anemia and psychological function in 14 hemodialysis patients. Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) increased 18% in the exercisers (p less than 0.01), but did not change in 11 controls. This was associated with a reduction in depression, a decrease in dosages of antihypertensive medications, a significant increase in hematocrit and hemoglobin levels (red cell mass rose, plasma volume did not change), a decrease in plasma triglyceride by 23% (p less than 0.05) and an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels by 21% (p less than 0.01) (both HDL-C and triglyceride levels worsened in the sedentary controls), and an 18% increase in glucose disappearance rates (p less than 0.05) in spite of a 52% decrease in fasting insulin levels (p less than 0.01), suggesting that insulin sensitivity improved. These results demonstrate that some of the complications present in hemodialysis patients may be caused by their sedentary life-style, rather than endstage renal disease itself. This suggests that rehabilitation through exercise is possible for these patients. By reducing coronary risk factors in hemodialysis patients, exercise training may also decrease their heightened morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic complications. These possibilities need to be examined in a longitudinal study.
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PMID:Exercise training reduces coronary risk and effectively rehabilitates hemodialysis patients. 396 Feb 42

The structure and function of heart muscle were studied in rats with chronic hemolytic anemia induced by phenylhydrazine. Contractural lesions, myocytolysis, fatty dystrophy, and small-focal necrosis were found in the myocardium along with hypertrophy. The disturbances were accompanied by a compensatory increase in the coronary flow by 2.5-fold during myocardial contractions. When the coronary flow of isolated hearts was experimentally decreased to the control level, a great depression of the contractile function developed. Administration of the antioxidant ionol, an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, simultaneously with phenylhydrazine did not prevent the development of the hemolytic anemia, but decreased by 2 times the degree of hypertrophy and the amount of the lesion foci in the heart muscle. It also significantly inhibited the compensatory increase of coronary flow and completely eliminated depression of the heart contractile function during the normalization of coronary flow. The data allow a suggestion that hemolytic anemia is accompanied by activated lipid peroxidation, this process playing a role in the myocardial damage of anemia. Antioxidants can prevent such damage.
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PMID:Disturbances of the heart structure and function in chronic hemolytic anemia, their compensation with increased coronary flow, and their prevention with ionol, an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. 396 13

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) or ehrlichiosis was diagnosed in dogs on the basis of specific immunofluorescent testing for each disease. Comparisons between clinical and laboratory findings were made between the 2 diseases. The incidence of RMSF tended to be more seasonal and it affected younger dogs. Purebred dogs appeared to be more susceptible to both diseases. In general, RMSF had a more rapid and severe course of clinical illness than did ehrlichiosis, but acute ehrlichiosis was difficult to differentiate from RMSF. Both diseases were characterized by fever, depression, lymphadenopathy, and signs of neurologic dysfunction; petechial hemorrhages or other signs of hemorrhagic diathesis were evident only in a small proportion of cases. Anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were more common in dogs with ehrlichiosis, whereas those with RMSF more often had leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Hypoalbuminemia was found in dogs with both diseases, but those with ehrlichiosis usually had concurrent hyperglobulinemia. High serum alkaline phosphatase activity and serum cholesterol concentration, and low serum calcium concentration were more common in dogs with RMSF than with ehrlichiosis. Rising serum titers or positive direct immunofluorescence for Rickettsia rickettsii in skin biopsy specimens were used to confirm RMSF, whereas a single serum titer for Ehrlichia canis enabled detection of ehrlichiosis. In the absence of neurologic deficits and when dogs were treated with tetracycline, dogs with RMSF made a more rapid and consistent recovery than did dogs with ehrlichiosis.
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PMID:Rocky Mountain spotted fever in dogs and its differentiation from canine ehrlichiosis. 397 6

Indicators of copper and iron metabolism were studied in pregnant rats and their 90-d-old offspring fed copper-sufficient or copper-deficient diets containing marginal or adequate levels of iron from the beginning of pregnancy until the offspring were 90 d of age. Offspring had more severe signs of copper deficiency (including anemia, hypertrophy of the heart, decreased activity of ferroxidase I and II, depression of growth and death) than the dams. In both dams and offspring, copper deficiency resulted in anemia when dietary iron was marginal but not when it was adequate. Liver iron was elevated in copper-deficient male offspring, but not in female offspring. Anemia and growth retardation were more pronounced in copper-deficient males than in females, despite similarly low levels of ferroxidase I and II. Iron absorption was reduced by copper deficiency only in female offspring. Activity of 59Fe in various tissues 6 or 48 h after gavage did not reveal any other effect of copper deficiency on iron metabolism. Thus age at the time copper-deficient diets were introduced, sex and dietary iron strongly influence the effect of copper deficiency.
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PMID:Determinants of copper-deficiency anemia in rats. 399 65

Canine haemangiosarcoma was studied retrospectively in 31 cases recorded among 2,871 dogs presented for necropsy (1.08%). The German Shepherd breed was more frequently represented than other breeds. Affected dogs were older than 5 years (mean 9.1 years). Nineteen were males. Presenting signs often included episodic lethargy and weakness, with depression, anorexia and mucosal pallor. Spleen and lungs were the most frequently affected sites. Haematological findings in 9 dogs with splenic or hepatic haemangiosarcoma included a mild to moderate normochromic anaemia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopaenia, poikilocytosis and increased target cells. Acanthocytes occurred in 90% of cases, schizocytes in 80% and keratocytes and metarubyricytes in 70%. Fibrin split products were increased in 2 of the 3 cases in which they were measured. The changes in erythrocyte morphology are considered to be useful diagnostic features of canine haemangiosarcoma.
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PMID:Clinical and haematological features of haemangiosarcoma in dogs. 403 24

Infants are well known to be sensitive to the myocardial depressant effects of halothane. In this study of more than 300 infants, 0 to 24 weeks of age, who received halothane anesthesia, preoperative risk factors were correlated with intraoperative outcome and postoperative recovery. Possible risk factors considered were age, history of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), preoperative fasting time, and anemia. Intraoperative morbidity was evaluated by occurrence of significant hypotension, slow heart rates, or serious bradycardias. Parameters of postoperative recovery included postanesthetic recovery room admission score, duration of recovery room stay, and time to first feeding. Arterial hypotension occurred with an unexpectedly high frequency of 49.2%. Infants younger than 8 weeks of age (particularly newborns), infants 9-16 weeks of age (fasting eight or more hours), and RDS survivors 0-16 weeks of age were found to be most susceptible to hypotension. Only age and history of RDS, however, proved to be statistically significant risk factors in predicting the probability of intraoperative circulatory depression. Though circulatory depression during halothane inhalation was common, it was not associated with significant intraoperative or postoperative morbidity in terms of cardiorespiratory arrests, serious dysrhythmias, prolonged postanesthetic recovery, or delayed feeding times.
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PMID:Halothane anesthesia in infancy: identification and correlation of preoperative risk factors with intraoperative arterial hypotension and postoperative recovery. 405 16

Pain patterns vary greatly in the different types of arthritis, from the localized agony without mental overtones in acute gout to the diffuse disorder we call rheumatoid arthritis, where inflammation of many joints, systemic illness, anaemia, anxiety, and depression are usually all present in some degree. Each pain pattern calls for a different therapeutic approach, physical, psychological, and pharmacological. Few patients suffer as much pain and suffering over many years as do chronic arthritics. It is all the more important to instruct them in the essentials of their own treatment. A patient with an occupied and instructed mind usually suffers less than an ignorant and depressed one, fearful of her disease and its complications and of the dark uncertain future that lies ahead.
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PMID:Pain patterns in the rheumatic disorders. 411 70

Cephapirin sodium, a cephalosporin for parenteral use, was evaluated in vitro and in 27 patients. Cephapirin had activity equivalent to cephalothin against 25 strains each of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Staphylococcus aureus; 10 strains each of Diplococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas species, and Enterobacter species; and 8 strains of Proteus species other than P. mirabilis. All strains of S. aureus and D. pneumoniae and most strains of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and Proteus species were inhibited by concentrations of cephapirin achieved in the serum. Of 27 patients (20 with pneumonia, 2 with S. aureus empyema, and 5 with miscellaneous infections), 25 responded to cephapirin therapy. The only major toxicity thought to be drug-related occurred in a patient who developed reversible bone marrow depression with leukopenia, neutropenia, and anemia. Although cephapirin was painful on intramuscular injection, phlebitis and pain were absent in patients treated intravenously. In a controlled comparison of intravenously administered cephalothin and cephapirin in four additional patients, the latter caused much less pain than the former and caused no phlebitis.
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PMID:Clinical and in vitro evaluation of cephapirin, a new cephalosporin antibiotic. 459 41

Medical histories of 436 patients treated with Ovulen after childbirth or an abortion were examined in order to collect a sample of women who had taken the orals for 6-12 cycles. A group of 70 patients was thus formed. The following parameters were investigated: weight variation; blood pressure; nausea and vomiting; varicosities; variation in menstrual flow and length of period; breast-related side effects; jaundice; psychic alteration, i.e., nervousness, anxiety, or depression; changes in libido; headaches; skin changes; and pregnancy. Results are presented both in graph and table form. Weight change was found to tend more to loss than to gain. No statistically significant changes in blood pressure were observed. Nausea and associated symptoms tended to disappear after the 9th cycle. Edema was present in only 6% of all cycles. The most common side effect was varicosities, present in 25% of the sample, but in no instance did thrombosis occur nor was varicosity a cause for discontinuation in any case. Breast-related side effects were more common at the outset. No jaundice was observed. Psychic alterations were not common and were mostly insignificant and tended to occur more frequently at the outset. 12% of the sample had headaches from the beginning of treatment up until the 8th month, after which they began to disappear. Only 1 patient had chloasma and then only during the 1st 2 cycles. There was a marked tendency toward menorrhagia which was thought to be beneficial due to the prevalence of anemia in the group. Changes in libido were minimal and tended to disappear after the 8th cycle. None of the patients became pregnant.
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PMID:[Secondary effects of ethynodiol diacetate plus mestranol]. 535 18

The antihypertensive effect of a new vasodilator with betablocking properties (SK & F 92657) was investigated in 10 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. After a mean treatment period of 26,5 weeks (6,5-49 weeks) blood pressure was significantly reduced, from 168 +/- 22/106 +/- 6 mmHg to 144 +/- 19/94 +/- 12 mmHg (p less than 0.05 and 0.025). The mean dose was 410 mg (100-700 mg). Heart rate decreased slightly from 77 +/- 12 to 70 +/- 8 beats/min. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone showed only minor changes. Nausea, heavy dreams, facial and hand flushing and mild depression were reported as side effects. In most patients the symptoms disappeared without reduction in the dose. In one patient anaemia developed after 7 weeks and treatment with prizidilol was stopped. A slight but statistically significant decrease in haemoglobin concentration of 1.1 +/- 0.6 g/dl was observed in 5 of the 10 patients (p less than 0.02). Thus, a mean dose of prizidilol of 410 +/- 242 mg/day had a mean blood pressure lowering effect of 24/12 mmHg. In 7 of the 10 patients (70%) diastolic blood pressure could be reduced to 95 mmHg or less. However, the observed haematological side-effects should be carefully monitored in further studies and may limit the clinical use of prizidilol.
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PMID:Prizidilol (SK & F 92657), a new vasodilator with beta-blocking properties in the treatment of essential hypertension. 612 80


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