Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Investigates the value of demographic, social and psychological variables in predicting women's reaction to legal abortions. Subjects were 62 women between 14 and 35 years of age obtaining elective legal abortions in an urban southern area of the U. S. during their first trimester of pregnancy. All underwent suction curretage on an outpatient basis. Pre- and postabortion questionnaires were administered. The following measures were used: Multiple Affective Adjective Checklist (MAACL) scales--anxiety, depression, and hostility (given pre and post); Rotter Locus of Control Scale (pre); an 18 item questionnaire, the Personal Reaction Questionnaire (PRQ), designed to differentiate between the traditional and liberated female in terms of perceived values and role expectations; and 19 questions about abortion-related interpersonal experiences and attitudes. T-tests were performed on the pre and post scores on the 3 MAACL scales and Pearson r was used on all measures. In general, the social context and the degree of emotional support that women received from a series of significant persons were more predictive of reactions to abortion than were demographic variables. Higher levels of anxiety, depression, and hostility were associated with opposition to the abortion from others. However, support from one significant person (partner in contraception, parent, friend) was sufficient to mitigate the effect of opposition from another. Despite higher scores on pre- and postabortion hostility, women who made their own decision to abort revealed less difficulty in making the decision. The apparent contradiction may be due to the use of hostility as a defense against guilt.
 ...
PMID:Psychological factors that predict reaction to abortion. 722 63

Potential risk factors for depression after childbirth were correlated with 13 symptoms of depression in a sample of 618 women from 64 general practitioners.Eight significant predictive factors were identified. The most important were stress after the confinement, depression during pregnancy, a severe attack of the ;five-day blues', a history of previous puerperal depression and previous miscarriage.
 ...
PMID:Depression following childbirth--a search for predictive signs. 727 99

Thirty-five percent of a sample of 413 women undergoing first-trimester abortions were repeating abortions. All patients rated their emotional symptoms on an SCL-90 scale and completed a brief demographic questionnaire. Preabortion and postabortion emotional distress factors and associated demographic characteristics were compared for women having first and those undergoing repeat abortions. Elevated distress levels were similar in both groups prior to abortion procedures, particularly depression, anxiety, and somatization. After abortion, repeat aborters continued to have significantly higher emotional distress scores in dimensions relating to interpersonal relationships. The variables that discriminated most between first and repeat abortion groups were number of living children, race, and phobic anxiety.
 ...
PMID:Emotional distress patterns among women having first or repeat abortions. 736 22

Measures of depression, guilt, and state and trait anxiety were administered to doctors, nurses, and social workers under 2 conditions, self-report and role play. In the role play condition, they were asked to complete the questions as a woman who had just undergone an abortion the previous day would complete them. 1/2 of the subjects in each group were experienced with abortion patients and 1/2 were inexperienced students. All 3 professional groups expected extreme depression, guilt, and anxiety on the part of the abortion patient, when compared to their own scores. These expectations do not match the experience reported by aborton patients in this and other studies. As previously found, nurses were more extreme in their attitudes; but this is explained in terms of their self-report data, which were also more extreme on all measures.
 ...
PMID:Health professionals' perceptions of the psychological consequences of abortion. 736 93

The French law legalizing abortion provided for a meeting between patient and social counselor prior to the intervention. Aim of this provision was to allow a women to see more clearly into herself, and to allow a social worker to help the patient make a personal and wise decision. Most women come to this encounter with feelings of guilt, anxiety, and depression; most of them want abortion because they know they can have one, and medical reasons for abortion are practacally nonexistant. The emotional situation of the couple, more than their socioeconomic condition, does have a great importance in making a final decision. A discussion can sometimes help, but the responsibility of the decision is with the women's alone.
 ...
PMID:[Abortion as it is described to us]. 740 2

To elucidate the role of prolactin (Prl) in the endocrinology of early human pregnancy, 28 healthy women were given 5.0-7.5 mg of bromocriptine daily for two weeks between weeks 6-9 of normal gestation. Plasma Prl, oestradiol-17 beta (Oe2), progesterone (P), testosterone (T) and human placental lactogen (hPL) were measured before, and one and two weeks after the start of bromocriptine, and they were compared with those in 22 control women who were followed similarly but without bromocriptine treatment. Bromocriptine treatment induced a significant Prl depression at one week (7.3 +/- 4.3 ng/ml vs 23.7 +/- 11.4 ng/ml) and two weeks (5.3 +/- 2.5 ng/ml vs 31.9 +/- 16.4 ng/ml). Oe2, P, T and hPL levels, however, showed no significant differences between the groups. Two women undergoing bromocriptine treatment (7.1%) and one control women (4.5%) experienced spontaneous incomplete abortion during the study period, but these three already had a low Oe2 level and a low/or undetectable hPL level at the beginning of the study. It is obvious that neither maternal 'hypoprolactinaemia' nor bromocriptine during early human pregnancy interfere with the normal progress of pregnancy or with the normal synthesis of sex steroids and hPL at this time.
 ...
PMID:Bromocriptine treatment during early human pregnancy: effect on the levels of prolactin, sex steroids and placental lactogen. 743 24

Bereavement research is hampered conceptually by confounding of grief and depression, methodologically by a lack of generally agreed-upon measures. Therefore we developed the Munich Grief Scale (MGS) based on the Perinatal Grief Scale (PGS, Potvin et al. 1989) and results from a previous study. Validation included comparisons with standardized self-report scales of depression, anxiety and physical symptoms. It was based on a follow-up study of 125 patients who had miscarried and 3 comparison groups who either suffered from a miscarriage or a stillbirth. Self-reports were compared to expert ratings of grief and depression. The MGS is a economical, reliable self- and expert rating scale after pregnancy loss. The applicability of the grief measures to other kinds of bereavements remains to be determined.
 ...
PMID:[Assessment of grief exemplified pregnancy loss: development and initial results on the validity of the Munich Grief Scale]. 748 May 85

Two pregnant mares diagnosed as having equine monocytic ehrlichiosis based on history, clinical signs, and high serum antibody titers to Ehrlichia risticii aborted subsequent to recovery from illness. Mare 1 and mare 2 experienced clinical illness at 120 and 143 days of gestation and aborted at 203 and 226 days of gestation, respectively. The fetuses were expelled in fresh condition, and both mares retained their placentas upon abortion. Gross findings for the fetuses included meconium staining and petechiation of external surfaces. Internally, there was increased volume of feces within the small and large intestines and liver discoloration with enlargement. Microscopic findings included lymphohistiocytic enterocolitis, hepatitis, and myocarditis. Lymphoid hyperplasia and depletion were present in spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes. Ehrlichia risticii was recovered from bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, colon, and liver of the first fetus and bone marrow and colon of the second fetus. Electron microscopic evaluation of the organism isolated in cell culture revealed morphology consistent with E. risticii. The isolated organism was inoculated into a naive pony, and this pony developed high levels of antibody against E. risticii, became ehrlichemic, and developed clinical signs of depression, anorexia, and mild diarrhea. These findings confirm that E. risticii is an abortifacient under conditions of natural infection and should be considered as a differential diagnosis of equine abortions.
 ...
PMID:Identification of Ehrlichia risticii as the causative agent of two equine abortions following natural maternal infection. 761 2

A prospective study of 363 abortion patients failed to provide evidence that women who receive a mifepristone/gemeprost medical abortion are at any greater risk of subsequent psychiatric morbidity than those who undergo the traditional vacuum aspiration procedure. Since women who undergo medical abortions are exposed to more pain, may see the products of conception, and generally play a more participatory role in the process, they were hypothesized to experience more psychological trauma than other abortion patients. The 168 women in the medical abortion subgroup received 600 mg of mifepristone followed 48 hours later by a vaginal pessary containing 1 mg of gemeprost. All subjects completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and a self-esteem measure before and an average of 16 days after abortion. Overall, 165 women (45.5%) were significantly anxious and 67 (18,5%) were clinically depressed at baseline; after abortion, these rates had dropped to 37 (10.2%) and 9 (2.5%), respectively. Only 4 women who were non-anxious at baseline were anxious at follow up, while post-abortion depression developed in just 2 women. 190 women (55%) reported an improvement in self-esteem at follow up compared to baseline, 25 (7%) experienced no change, and 130 (38%) reported a decrease in self-esteem--a finding that is considered temporary and an integral part of the post-abortion grieving process. There was a significant correlation between anxiety and depression subscale scores before and after abortion and a significant negative correlation with self-esteem scores. There were no significant differences in any of these scores, however, between women who received medical versus vacuum aspiration procedures. Depression subscale scores at follow up were significantly related to postabortal medical complications, while anxiety scores after abortion were correlated with the number of physician consultations and the time required to resume normal activities. Baseline characteristics significantly associated with high anxiety and depression scores included cigarette smoking and a pre-existing mood disorder.
 ...
PMID:Psychological responses following medical abortion (using mifepristone and gemeprost) and surgical vacuum aspiration. A patient-centered, partially randomised prospective study. 781 35

Although suicide is not viewed as a mental disorder per se, it is viewed by many if not most clinicians, researchers, and lay people as a real or natural symptom of depression. It is at least most typically seen as the unfortunate, severe, yet logical end result of a chain of negative self-appraisals, negative events, and hopelessness. Extending an approach articulated by the early French sociologist Gabriel Tarde, in this paper I argue that suicide is merely an idea, albeit a very bad one, having more in common with societal beliefs and norms regarding such things as divorce, abortion, sex, politics, consumer behavior, and fashion. I make a sharp contrast between perturbation and lethality, concepts central to Edwin S. Shneidman's theory of suicide. Evidence supportive of suicide as an idea is discussed based on what we are learning from the study of history and culture, and about contagion/cluster phenomena, media/communication, and choice of method. It is suggested that certain individuals are more vulnerable to incorporate the idea and act of suicide into their concepts of self, based on the same principles by which ideas are spread throughout society. Just as suicide impacts on society, so does society impact on suicide.
 ...
PMID:Suicide as social logic. 782 97


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10