Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Postoperative changes in various haemostatic parameters (capillary bleeding time, platelet count, fibrinogen, fibrinmonomers, prothrombin, antithrombin III, factor VIII procoagulant, factor VIII antigen, euglobulin clot lysis time, streptokinase lysis time, fibrinogen related antigens, alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin) plasma glucose and cortisol were studied in 12 female patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy during either general anaesthesia or epidural analgesia (T4-S5). General anaesthesia and epidural analgesia (T4-S5). General anaesthesia and epidural analgesia on their own had only negligible influence on haemostatic parameters. Hysterectomy during general anaesthesia caused activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis, followed by depression of fibrinolysis. Epidural analgesia prevented the cortisol and glucose response to surgery, but did not influence the coagulation and fibrinolytic response to surgery, except for an inhibition of the postoperative increase in factor VIII antigen. It is concluded that postoperative changes in the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems are mediated by factors other than neurogenic stimuli and adrenal hormones.
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PMID:Postoperative changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis independent of neurogenic stimuli and adrenal hormones. 722 37

Experimental disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was induced by sustained infusion of endotoxin into the femoral vein in rats. The severity of DIC was determined with reference to various parameters, such as fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDP), prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), platelet count, and number of renal glomeruli having fibrin thrombi. Experimental DIC could be induced by a 4-h sustained infusion of endotoxin in a dose of 100 mg/kg. The DIC induced in rats showed a close resemblance to human DIC as judged from such changes as an elevation in FDP, prolongation of PT and PTT, depression in fibrinogen and platelet count, and increase in glomeruli having fibrin thrombi. This experimental model has an advantage in that severity of DIC can be determined by measuring various parameters. It will be of use in the studies aimed at the establishment of a therapy for DIC as well as in the studies on DIC in rats.
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PMID:Experimental model of disseminated intravascular coagulation induced by sustained infusion of endotoxin. 732 52

Acute phase protein concentrations in blood, food intake and liveweight changes were compared in 10 sheep given intrathoracic injections of yeast and 10 control sheep over a period of 61 days. The yeast injections caused acute pleuritis and limited necrotising lung lesions which progressed to fibrous pleural adhesions and walled-off abscesses. The responses of ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen and haptoglobin were closely correlated (r = 0.87 to 0.91) in the yeast-injected sheep with peaks on days 5 or 7 after treatment (4, 4.6 and over 130 times control, respectively). Albumin concentration fell to a nadir of 89 per cent of control on day 12 after treatment. Depression of food intake was temporally related to the 'positive' acute phase protein responses with a nadir on day 5 after treatment (30 per cent of control). Liveweight showed a pronounced fall to five days after treatment and thereafter remained depressed relative to the controls for most of the experimental period. The data suggest that the 'positive' acute phase proteins may be useful indicators of production losses due to inflammatory diseases in sheep.
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PMID:Acute phase protein response, food intake, liveweight change and lesions following intrathoracic injection of yeast in sheep. 750 37

The role of fibrinogen in LV function, especially after myocardial infarction, is still debated. We therefore investigated the relation between plasma fibrinogen, LV function and ischemic tolerance in 87 patients (average age 58.5 years) with proximal occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and retrograde filling through noncompromised collaterals. Compared to a control group (n = 65; average age 57.0 years) study patients revealed significantly higher plasma fibrinogen levels (average 342.5 vs 316.1 mg/dl; p < 0.025) and a reduced ejection fraction (54.6 vs 75.5%; p < 0.0005). Study patients with collaterals were divided into three groups with increasing fibrinogen concentrations: Group I (n = 29) averaged 261 mg/dl (191-303), group II averaged 333.3 (304-362) and group III averaged 433.3 (364-742) (p < 0.0005). There were no significant differences regarding age, height, weight, number and age of previous infarctions and concomitant medical treatment; group III revealed a significantly higher proportion of women (21%) compared to group I (0%) (p < 0.005); group III also revealed significantly lower HDL-cholesterol and higher triglyceride levels compared to group I and group II, respectively (p < 0.05). Hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, total and LDL-cholesterol showed no group differences. Group I with a low fibrinogen had the lowest endsystolic volume index (LVESVI) and highest ejection fraction (EF) (34.6 ml/m2 and 61.0%, respectively), whereas in patients of group II LVESVI amounted to 36.5 ml/m2 and EF to 57.3%, and in group III with the highest plasma fibrinogen levels LVESVI was 48.4 ml/m2 (group I, II vs III: p < 0.05) and EF 45.7% (group I, II vs III: p < 0.01). EF decreased exponentially with increasing fibrinogen concentrations (r = 0.5; p < 0.0005). Group III showed significantly higher LV enddiastolic pressures (19.1 mm Hg) compared to group I and II (14.6 and 14.4 mm Hg, respectively; p < 0.05). Fifteen patients in group I, 21 in group II, and 24 in group III showed akinetic LV wall segments (group I vs III: p < 0.0125). In addition, 21 patients in group I, 17 in group II, and only 10 in group III revealed exercise-induced myocardial ischemia (group I, II vs III; p < 0.05). In patients with ischemic ST-depression systolic rate pressure product (SRPP) at the onset of ischemic symptoms was 266.8 mm Hg x min-1 x 10(2) in group I, 246.8 in group II and 195.0 in group III (group I, II vs III; p < 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Relation between plasma fibrinogen and the function of collateral coronary vessels]. 762 96

The comparative toxicity and pathophysiology of thirteen (13) of poisonous snakes indigenous to the area in and around Saudi Arabia were determined. Four snakes from the Viperidae family, six from the Elapidae family, and three representative sea snakes from the family Hydrophiodae were included. Anesthetized adult Beagle dogs and anesthetized monkeys were used in the study. Vital physiologic functions were recorded continuously as were changes in the blood coagulation system and any tissue damage produced by the venom at the site of envenomation. Venom was administered intravenously or by an actual bite. Venom from the snakes of the family Viperidae produced death in an average of 3 hours. The average lethal dose was 1.13 mg/kg. Depression of 1st and 2nd stage clotting factors and a decrease in fibrinogen levels and in platelet counts were observed with these venoms. Findings suggestive of intravascular coagulation also were observed with moderate hemolysis of the formed elements. Some local hemorrhage was seen at the site of envenomation. Venom from the Elapidae family of snakes produced death at an average of 1.7 hours. The average lethal dose was 0.70 mg/kg. Death appeared to be primarily due to respiratory paralysis after blockade at the neuromuscular junction. Only moderate hemolysis was seen with these venoms. No intravascular coagulation or tissue damage was seen. The venom of the family Hydrophiodae consistently produced death in less than 30 minutes at an average dose of 0.06 mg/kg. Tissue damage was not observed, and changes were not observed in the hematologic parameters monitored.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Medical studies of poisonous land and sea snakes. 808 5

Ten patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC) were analyzed using three enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ORGANON TEKNIKA, Belgium) for fibrin degradation products (FbDP), fibrinogen degradation products (FgDP) and total fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (TDP). A significant elevation in each parameter and a significant depression of FgDP/FbDP (g/b) ratio were observed in the patients in early stage of DIC, comparing with normal individuals (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01). These results suggested that both fibrinolysis and fibrinogenolysis were marked accelerated, with a superiority in fibrinolysis in those patients. The levels of these parameters decreased and the g/b ratio increased with the passage of the clinical courses in five patients who were improved. Although in five deteriorated cases, the levels were kept high and their g/b ratio showed low continuously. These findings suggested that separated monitoring of fibrinolysis or fibrinogenolysis was useful to study patients with DIC and g/b ratio could be regarded as a helpful indication of therapeutic effects.
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PMID:[Fluctuation of plasma levels of fibrinogen degradation products, fibrin degradation products and total fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in patients with DIC]. 829 46

During 1992, a widespread outbreak of Equine viral arteritis (EVA) occurred at a riding establishment near Barcelona, Spain. A total of 31 out of 186 horses on the premises displayed clinical signs, most frequently, fever, depression, mild ventral and limb oedema and a vesicular-erosive stomatitis, with hypersalivation, petechiations and small ulcerations. Affected horses developed illness of varying severity with only a few exhibiting a severe form of the disease and no mortality was recorded. Haematological and blood biochemical examination the most severely affected horses revealed a thrombocytopenia, slight leucocytosis with neutrophilia, lymphopenia and eosinopenia, an increase in plasma fibrinogen and a small rise in serum proteins and indirect bilirubin values. Diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of seroconversion to equine arteritis virus in acute and convalescent phase sera. Attempted isolation of the virus from citrated blood samples proved unsuccessful.
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PMID:Clinical features of the 1992 outbreak of equine viral arteritis in Spain. 853 67

Thromboembolic disease with its high mortality and morbidity is currently one of the most serious postoperative complications. Its occurrence in high-risk patients in surgical wards is 25-50%. Since 1979, the authors have examined 160 risk patients in whom no prevention had been performed. In this group of patients they detected the occurrence of profound venous thrombosis by means of the accumulation fibrinogen test, targeted phlebography under skiascopic control. At the same time the clinical symptomatology was followed in detail. Since the thrombosis is a multifactorial process, the effective preventive measure must affect and normalize as many disturbed homeostatic processes as possible. Into the group of 176 high-risk patients, the authors introduced a complex prevention into surgical routine residing in classical low-dose heparinization by 5000 u.s.c. with the first dose administered 1 hours prior to surgery, preoperational haemodilution with the administration of minimally 500 ml of Dextran and in preoperation administration of antiaggregants (Acylpyrin). by means of this tactic, the greatest antithrombotic effect is brought about preoperatively and in the first postoperative hours while the patient is protected minimally 5 to 7 postoperative days. Both preoperative and postoperative procedures are monitored by means of a complex haemocoagulation examination of the basic 10 haemocoagulation factors. The occurrence of thrombosis in patients without prevention with minimally 5 thrombogenetic risk factors during the control by means of the accumulation fibrinogen test was 32.4% and during the control by means of targeted phlebography is 24%. The differences are not statistically significant. In the group of patients with prevention the occurrence is 5.6%. In this group the screening is represented by the accumulation fibrinogen test and its positivity is verified by its localization by means of selective phlebography. The occurrence of deep vein thrombosis in the group with prevention and in the control groups statistically highly significant p > 0.0005. Haemocoagulation examination is aimed at the determination of the normalization impact of prevention on the state of hypercoagulation ability associated with the depression of spontaneous fibrinolysis in patients without prevention. The thrombi detected in patients with prevention are localized in short segments of crural veins. Clinically more significant bleeding in the group of patients with prevention occurred only in 2 patients, i.e. in 1%. Complex multifactorial prevention is not only simple and safe for patients, but also highly effective in the group of patients with high risk of postoperative thrombosis. The clinical diagnosis is unreliable and misleading with low sensitivity and specificity. (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 28.).
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PMID:[Comprehensive prevention of postoperative thrombosis]. 868 12

Data obtained in experiments in 80 rats and in clinical observations of 24 patients with burns of the II and IIIA degrees showed the activation of vasculo-thrombocytic and procoagulant links of the hemostasis system with a simultaneous depression of the anticoagulative blood system. The thermal trauma is followed by a dramatic decrease of the concentration of heparin, fibrinogen, decreased activity of antithrombin-III, fibrinolysis and plasminogen activators. There was a simultaneous growth of concentration of antiplasmins (alpha 2-macroglobulin and alpha 1-antitrypsin).
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PMID:[The blood coagulating activity in burns]. 875 66

Patients with coronary artery disease and severe angina pectoris refractory to conventional medical treatment (beta blockers, nitrates, calcium antagonists) and without the option for invasive revascularization procedures represent an increasing clinical problem. For these patients, chronic-intermittent urokinase therapy has been developed. Twenty patients received 500,000 IU urokinase as intravenous bolus injection 3 times a week over a period of 12 weeks. The average reduction in anginal symptoms in 19 patients was 74%, from 23.5 +/- 10.8 to 5.2 +/- 4.8 events/week (p < 0.001); 1 patient was excluded from further treatment because of an increase of > 66% in anginal events. Fibrinogen decreased by 34% from 370 +/- 57 to 244 +/- 44 mg/dl (p < 0.001), the rheological parameters plasma viscosity by 6.1% from 1.39 +/- 0.04 to 1.31 +/- 0.03 mPas (< 0.001), and red blood cell aggregation by 18% from 13.9 +/- 2.4 to 11.2 +/- 2.2 (p < 0.001). Exercise tolerance increased by 51%. Average ST-segment depression decreased from 0.16 +/- 0.10 to 0.12 +/- 0.09 (p < 0.01). After 12 weeks of follow-up, angina pectoris and fibrinogen levels were still significantly reduced compared with baseline values. Chronic-intermittent urokinase therapy represents an effective anti-ischemic and antianginal approach in patients with refractory angina pectoris and end-stage coronary artery disease. Improvement of rheological blood properties and thrombolytic effects are likely therapeutic mechanisms.
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PMID:Chronic-intermittent urokinase therapy in patients with end-stage coronary artery disease and refractory angina pectoris--a pilot study. 882 21


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