Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011551 (depersonalization)
 1,117 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The All-Wales Community Mental Health Nurse Stress Study was the largest study undertaken in the UK to date to investigate stress, burnout and coping amongst the CMHN workforce. The aim of the study was to examine the variety, frequency and severity of stressors, to describe coping strategies used to reduce work-based stress, and to determine stress outcomes. Questionnaires were sent out to 614 CMHNs from ten NHS Trusts throughout Wales. The response rate was 49% (n = 301). The measures used included the Maslach Human Services Survey, the CPN Stress Questionnaire, the Psychnurse Methods of Coping Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the General Health Questionnaire GHQ-12. Community mental health nurses indicated that trying to maintain a good quality service in the midst of long waiting lists, poor resources, and having too many interruptions while trying to work in the office were particularly stressful items. The coping strategies that CMHNs utilized the most were having a stable home life and looking forward to going home at the end of the day, having outside interests and hobbies and talking to people that they got on well with. Forty per cent of CMHNs tended to view themselves negatively, feeling that others did not hold much respect for them. The GHQ-12 measure indicated that 35% of CMHNs had crossed a threshold of psychiatric caseness. Measured against a normative sample of mental health workers, 51% of CMHNs were experiencing high levels of long-term emotional exhaustion. Twenty-four per cent were suffering from high levels of depersonalization burnout and were not relating well to clients, whilst 14% were experiencing severe long-term feelings of lack of personal accomplishment. The results from the study provided us with a picture of stress and coping in CMHNs in Wales. Addressing these factors may help to reduce levels of experienced stress and burnout.
 ...
PMID:Stressors, moderators and stress outcomes: findings from the All-Wales Community Mental Health Nurse Study. 1193 11

Using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (a device used in prior studies on emergency physicians) and the EMPA Demographic, Work, and Lifestyle Characteristics Survey, we assessed the burnout levels of emergency medicine physician assistants (EMPAs) and the presence of characteristics associated with higher burnout levels. Fifty-nine percent had moderate or high burnout levels on the Emotional Exhaustion subscale; 66% on the Depersonalization subscale; and only 34% on the Personal Accomplishment subscale. Several associations were found between EMPA burnout and individual characteristics, including insomnia and low satisfaction with physician supervision. Similarities were noted with regard to burnout among EMPAs and emergency physicians.
 ...
PMID:A first survey. Measuring burnout in emergency medicine physician assistants. 1194 43

This study was designed to examine the level of burnout and to identify stressor among nurses in a teaching hospital. Based on a sample of 625 nurses, results show that burnout levels are moderate (M. = 24.3, SD = 9.3) and comparable to those observed in physicians (M. = 26.6, SD = 9.8) and in the administrative staff of the same hospital (M. = 25.1, SD = 11.9). Multiple regression analyses selected 11 predictors significantly associated with burnout. Some contributed positively to burnout (job strain, lack of social support, conflicts with other nurses, conflicts with physicians, presence of stressors related to private life, feeling that the job is threatened, full-time vs. part-time status), whereas others contributed negatively (perceived job control, hierarchical level, death and dying of patients, feeling protected against occupational hazards). It is worthy of noting that leadership dimensions were not significantly related to burnout, once stressors were included in the regression model. We also tested Karasek's (1979) model, according to which job demands interact with perceived job control in influencing burnout. For example, the worst situation is one in which job demands are high and perceived control is low. This is defined as a high-strain job. The results from this study confirm that perceived control reduces the effect of job strain on burnout. This suggests that if job strain is high, managers can reduce its effect by providing nurses with opportunities to control their work environment and relations with patients. Results also demonstrate that burnout is negatively correlated with job satisfaction and perceived unit effectiveness. Managers should invest in prevention programs, since burnout is as deleterious to individuals as to the organization. A limitation of this study is its focus on emotional exhaustion which is known to be the first step of the burnout process. Future research should examine whether the predictors identified here would also be relevant for explaining further stages of the burnout process, such as depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment.
 ...
PMID:[Predictors of nurses' professional burnout: a study in a university hospital]. 1203 45

It is generally speculated that the ongoing changes in the health care system may increase the incidence of burnout among health care providers. The purposes of this cross-sectional study were to determine (1) the prevalence of burnout among physical therapists (PTs) and occupational therapists (OTs), (2) sociodemographic and work-related factors associated with emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal achievement (PA) traits of PTs and OTs. In fall 1998, 169 PTs and 138 OTs employed in various clinical settings in New York City completed the survey. Part I of the research questionnaire solicited sociodemographic and work-related information such as age, marital status, number of children (NC), religious affiliation (RA), exercise habits, level of support from supervisor (LSS), and level of support from colleagues (LSC). Part II of the questionnaire contained the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). From the MBI, each subject's EE, DP, and PA scores were obtained. The data were analyzed with oneway analysis of variance and linear, multiple, and stepwise regression models to determine the relative and combined contributions of the independent (sociodemographic and work-related) variables toward predicting EE, DP, and PA. Overall the MBI scores revealed high (28.9 +/- 6.8) EE, high (18.3 +/- 4.7) DP, and low (18.0 +/- 7.0) PA. The contribution of sociodemographic and work-related variables toward the prediction of EE (26.7%), DP (12.8%) and PA (19.8%) was minimal. Of the 20 independent variables examined in this study, only 3 (LSS, NC and RA) were viable predictors of EE. The only viable predictor of PA trait was LSC. None of the variables examined accurately predicted DP trait. The EE, DP, and PA scores of the PTs and OTs in this study were higher than the norms reported in previous studies for the general population and other human service professionals, including PTs and OTs. The findings suggest the need for reorganization of the work environment to address the stressors responsible for burnout in this cohort of therapists.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence and determinants of burnout among physical and occupational therapists. 1222 63

This study examines relationships between experienced aggressive behaviour and burnout of staff caring for residents living in homes for the elderly (n = 551). Burnout was conceptualized as a three-dimensional syndrome consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. From the results of the hierarchical regression analyses it appeared that physical and psychological aggression and the number of weekly working hours had a significant relationship with emotional exhaustion of staff. Psychological aggression was found to have a significant relationship with depersonalization. Neither sex nor age had a relationship with any of the burnout dimensions. Implications for research and suggestions for work and training of staff caring for the elderly are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Aggressive behaviour and burnout among staff of homes for the elderly. 1240 Jan 1

UK government policy now officially encourages an attitude of 'zero tolerance' towards aggression against health care staff. This study examines levels of such tolerance amongst a group of mental health care staff and associations between tolerance and other occupational and stress factors. Thirty-seven staff completed a Tolerance Scale (from the Perceptions of Aggression Scale) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Tolerance for aggression was higher amongst more experienced staff (P < 0.01) and high tolerance was associated with low emotional exhaustion, low depersonalization and high personal accomplishment (P < 0.01). Some staff endorse positive statements about patient aggression and a tolerant attitude may be linked to low burnout. Nurse attitudes to patient aggression therefore are complex and do not necessarily equate with an approach of 'zero tolerance'.
 ...
PMID:Attitudes toward patient aggression amongst mental health nurses in the 'zero tolerance' era: associations with burnout and length of experience. 1242 88

C. L. Cordes and T. M. Dougherty (1993) provided a conceptual framework of job burnout in nonservice organizations. This study sought to determine the "fit" of that theoretical model within nonservice occupations. LISREL VIII was used to test this model on 165 participants, and the overall model fit the data well. Supervisory support moderated the relationships between the role conflict, role ambiguity, and quantitative role overload stressors and emotional exhaustion and between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Unexpectedly, role conflict, role ambiguity, and quantitative role overload had a positive impact on emotional exhaustion when supervisory support was high. As expected, participation had a negative association with depersonalization. Employees experiencing emotional exhaustion were more likely to feel nervous or tense at work.
 ...
PMID:Extending our understanding of burnout: test of an integrated model in nonservice occupations. 1255 26

In 1995 Chan and Hui examined the responses of a sample of Chinese teachers on the Maslach Burnout Inventory and recommended a possible 2-factor rather than the original 3-factor model for the assessment of burnout among Chinese teachers. In the present study, the factor structure of responses to the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in a sample of 1,398 Chinese secondary school guidance teachers was examined using the EQS approach to confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that a 3-factor model (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment) provided the best fit, with the first two factors highly correlated (r = .80). Internal consistencies for the subscales ranged from .80 to .88.
 ...
PMID:Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability of the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory among guidance teachers in Hong Kong. 1258 17

This paper reviews the scientific concepts and the clinical aspects of the burn-out syndrome. According to recent studies, up to 25 % of the German working population appear to suffer from what the Amercan physician and psychoanalyst, Herbert Freudenberger, has designated in 1974 as "burn-out syndrome". Characteristic features of this syndrome are emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal accomplishment. People affected by the burn-out syndrome may suffer from depressive or anxious symptoms, from sleep disorders, chronic pain syndromes, or functional disorders of the cardiovascular or gastrointestinal system. Primary causes of the burnout syndrome include high demand combined with low influence, a high level of engagement without sufficient rewards or gratification, and a low level of social support. Preventive measures against burn-out include Balint-like supervision groups. In cases of a fully developed burn-out syndrome, affected persons should undergo either psychotherapy or a multimodal psychosomatic therapy.
 ...
PMID:[The burn-out syndrome and restoring mental health at the working place]. 1270 89

Using a model based on Lazarus (1999) and previous research, specific relationships were predicted between the antecedent conditions of chronic stress, personal moderation factors of optimism/pessimism, and coping on the one hand, and the affective outcome of burnout on the other. Participants were 82 information service workers whose jobs required them to evaluate and remediate computer programming problems in anticipation of the Y2K deadline. Multiple regression analysis indicated that Optimism, Pessimism, Control Coping, and Escape Coping all moderated chronic stress for Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization, but not for Personal Accomplishment. Lower Optimism, higher Pessimism, lower Control Coping, and higher Escape Coping all related to increased workers' Depersonalization under conditions of higher chronic stress due to the approaching Y2K deadline. Lower Optimism and higher Pessimism were also related to higher Emotional Exhaustion under conditions of higher chronic stress due to the Y2K deadline. Beyond moderation effects, all moderator variables showed main effects with Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment in the predicted directions. Suggestions are given for incorporating results into stress relief efforts in organizations.
 ...
PMID:Optimism and coping as moderators of the relationship between chronic stress and burnout. 1293 41


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>