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Query: UMLS:C0011551 (depersonalization)
 1,117 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This meta-analysis examined how demand and resource correlates and behavioral and attitudinal correlates were related to each of the 3 dimensions of job burnout. Both the demand and resource correlates were more strongly related to emotional exhaustion than to either depersonalization or personal accomplishment. Consistent with the conservation of resources theory of stress, emotional exhaustion was more strongly related to the demand correlates than to the resource correlates, suggesting that workers might have been sensitive to the possibility of resource loss. The 3 burnout dimensions were differentially related to turnover intentions, organizational commitment, and control coping. Implications for research and the amelioration of burnout are discussed.
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PMID:A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. 860 9

Kanter's structural theory of organizational behavior was used as framework to explore the relationship between perceptions of power and opportunity and level of burnout in a sample of 87 hospital staff nurses. Data were collected using a modified version of the Conditions for Work Effectiveness Questionnaire (Chandler, 1986) and the Human Services Survey (Maslach & Jackson, 1986). Consistent with Kanter's theory, perceived access to power and opportunity was significantly related to the three aspects of burnout: level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (r = -.3419, p = .004; r = -.2931, p = .02), and personal accomplishments (r = .3630, p = .002). The results of this study are useful for nurse administrators positioned to create organizational structures than empower staff nurses and subsequently decrease burnout.
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PMID:Staff nurses' perceptions of job empowerment and level of burnout: a test of Kanter's theory of structural power in organizations. 871 72

Psychological stress and work-related burnout in staff working with AIDS and with cancer patients were compared using a self-report method of assessment. Measures included the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Social Adjustment Scale (SAS-M). More than 80% of those staff who were approached responded to the questionnaire, including 70 doctors and nurses working with people with AIDS and 41 doctors and nurses working in oncology. More than a third of staff had substantial levels of psychological morbidity, and about a fifth had significant levels of work-related stress. Factors associated with the presence of high levels of psychological morbidity and with abnormal levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and concerns about personal accomplishment were identified. Staff described the work situations with which they had difficulty dealing and some of the coping strategies they used. The findings confirm that staff working with people with cancer or AIDS experience psychological difficulties of the kind likely to respond to interventions aimed at improving their ability to cope with work-related stresses. The mental health services could play an important role in carrying out research in this field and in providing practical help to deal with staff's difficulties.
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PMID:The psychological impact on staff of caring for people with serious diseases: the case of HIV infection and oncology. 873 23

This study investigated the proposed link between students' academic performance and burnout. We found no significant correlations between students' cumulative grade point average and ratings of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment.
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PMID:Academic performance is not a viable determinant of physical therapy students' burnout. 887 68

This study examines the effects of demographics, lifestyle, and work characteristics on burnout in EMTs, and then determines the interaction of various EMT risk factors on cardiovascular changes. In phase 1, EMTs voluntarily completed a demographic data sheet and the Masslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The MBI results were broken down into subgroups of Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Achievement (PA); these were then compared to national averages. Subgroup analysis was performed on the basis of sex, race, marital status, years with the service, smoking, and caffeine drinking habits. In phase 2, EMTs carried logbooks for 1 month, during which they recorded preshift and postshift blood pressure and pulse. Other information recorded for each shift was the amount of caffeine and cigarettes used, the number of advanced life support (ALS) and total runs, and whether the shift worked was day or night. Per-shift average caffeine use, average number of ALS and total runs, and average cross-shift changes in MAP (deltaMAP) and P (deltaP) were calculated for each EMT. The deltaMAP and deltaP were compared for discrete variables (sex, race, training levels, smoker v nonsmoker, marital status, and shift worked) and continuous variable (age, years with the service, total runs, ALS runs, and MBI subscale scores). Continuous variables were split into two groups using the median as a separator. Differences were detected at P < .05 by confidence interval analysis. Sixty-nine EMTs enrolled in phase 1. The EMTs scored significantly lower on the PA scale than the national average (28.1 v 34.6). The low PA score was only seen in the subgroup of EMTs with the service longer than 3 years (26.1 v 30.0). Forty EMTs completed phase 2 of the study. There were no significant differences in deltaMAP detected in any subgroup. There was a significant difference in deltaP based on marital status (single, -4.5 v married, 2.6), and age (younger than 32, -4.5 v older than 32, 0.6). There were no other detected deltaP changes. In conclusion, these results showed that PA is lower in our EMTs than in the general population; EMTs with the service longer than 3 years had the lowest values. There were no significant preshift to postshift changes in blood pressure in any subgroup. There was a statistically significant preshift to postshift decrease in pulse in unmarried EMTs and in those younger than 32 years of age. These results indicate little variation in stress between EMTs and the general population and do not indicate a need for more intensive intervention programs for the management of heart rate or pulse.
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PMID:Effect of individual and work characteristics of EMTs on vital sign changes during shiftwork. 890 60

Burnout in social services professionals has been defined as a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. The pediatric critical care nurse is especially vulnerable to this phenomenon when exposed to prolonged, chronic suffering of a patient. The rewarding aspect of caring for the critically ill child who recovers from significant affliction is not experienced when caring for the "chronic child." This article reviews the dynamics of chronicity in pediatric critical care and explores protective strategies for burnout management. Several of Jean Watson's carative factors that define her human care philosophy provide the conceptual framework for the approaches outlined.
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PMID:Managing burnout in pediatric critical care: the human care commitment. 931 28

The recent flurry of attention to burnout syndrome still leaves numerous questions unanswered. One of them is the relationship between individual factors and the development of burnout. An understanding of the individual factors underlying burnout must include an assessment of the individual reactivity to stress. The occurrence, distribution and relationship with stress reactivity of the three dimensions of the burnout syndrome (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lowered feelings of personal accomplishment) were studied among a representative sample of the different professionals involved in the Primary Care Health System. Our results indicate that stress reactivity could be a variable that modulates the experienced psychopathology, suggesting a predisposition that increases the susceptibility to the development of burnout.
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PMID:[Burnout and reaction to stress]. 933 18

Scores on burnout among 631 Canadian and 1,180 Dutch teachers were compared with various demographic variables (sex and age) and factors related to work (experience in teaching, type of school, and number of hours employed). Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory of three dimensions, Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment. Analysis indicated that, over-all, Canadian teachers reported higher scores on Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization than their Dutch peers. Differences in the number of hours employed were also significant: full-time Canadian teachers scored higher on Depersonalization than their Dutch colleagues. Across countries, sex and type of school appeared significantly related to burnout. Male teachers rated higher on Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization than the women. Especially with regard to the attitudinal components of burnout, i.e., Depersonalization and Personal Accomplishment, secondary school teachers reported higher scores than elementary school teachers. Age was not significantly related to measures.
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PMID:A Canadian-Dutch comparison of teachers' burnout. 935 87

The present study used both exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic procedures to assess the factorial and construct validity of the MBI in Chinese human services professionals (N = 612). The classic three dimensions of burnout were supported, and the deletion of Items 12, 14, and 22 yielded a better fitting model. This new 19-item MBI for Chinese resembled the original 22-item MBI in the pattern of factor correlations and yielded satisfactory internal consistency estimates. Tests of equivalence of item measurements and theoretical structure of the revised 19-item MBI were also performed across gender. Results supported the invariance of the three-factor structure for men and women. Only items measuring the Depersonalization dimension were equivalent, whereas items of the Emotional Exhaustion and Lack of Personal Accomplishment dimensions were partially invariant across gender.
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PMID:Assessment of burnout for Chinese human service professionals: a study of factorial validity and invariance. 947 8

This article presents an evaluation of the factor structures of the Japanese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The MBI is a widely used psychometric instrument for measuring 'burnout' developed by Maslach and her co-workers. The MBI consists of four subscales: Emotional Exhaustion, Personal Accomplishment, Depersonalization, and Involvement. The MBI was translated into Japanese along with a back-translation and was administered to a sample of 267 nurses. Various psychometric analyses showed that the Japanese version of the MBI has high reliability for the 22 items scored for the frequency dimension. The factor analysis using principal factoring with an oblique rotation resulted in three factor structures that had different implications from the MBI: Emotional Exhaustion/Depersonalization, Personal Accomplishment, and Physical Exhaustion. The correlationship between the MBI and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), measures of depression, showed that burnout was a unique phenomenon.
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PMID:[The development of the Japanese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the examination of the factor structure]. 975 62


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