Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011551 (depersonalization)
 1,117 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Characteristic pathologic changes of cranial computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have never been reported in "Alice in Wonderland" syndrome (AIWS) caused by Epstein-Barr (EB) virus infection. We present here a 10-year-old girl with AIWS with an abnormal MR finding. During the course of serologically confirmed EB virus encephalopathy, she had distortion of the body image, visual hallucinations and depersonalization characteristic of AIWS. MRI demonstrated transient T2 prolongation and swelling of the cerebral cortex, especially at the bilateral temporal lobes, bilateral cingulate gyrus, right upper frontal gyrus, bilateral caudate nucleus, and bilateral putamen, whereas CT showed no abnormalities. Transient MRI lesions were occasionally reported in patients with EB virus encephalopathy/encephalitis who presented visual illusions and psychotic reactions, although the diagnosis of AIWS was not described. We consider that any patient with symptoms of AIWS should have MRI because the abnormal MRI findings may disappear in a short period.
 ...
PMID:[Abnormal magnetic resonance imaging in a child with Alice in Wonderland syndrome following Epstein-Barr virus infection]. 1213 88

Slow-progressive schizophrenia is a slow-progredient endogenous process characterized by a prevalence of either negative disorders which do not reach final stages as in a case of psychotic types, or positive symptom complexes showing affinity to psychopathological appearances of "borderline" level (obsessions, somatoform, dissociate, nonpsychotic affective disorders, over-value formations). The clinical systematics of slow-progressive schizophrenia is built on a model implying a prevalence of either negative or positive disorders. Respectively, in the terms of "negative" schizophrenia, there are disease variants featured by a predominance of basic manifestations of an endogenous process: slow-progredient simple, asthenic, and senestopathic schizophrenia. Positive schizophrenia following the pattern of pseudoneurosis is represented by the following variants: neurotic-like, hysteric, depersonalization, visceral neurotic, hypohondriac as well as reactive schizophrenia.
 ...
PMID:[Slow-progressive schizophrenia (actual problems of clinical appearance and systematics)]. 1261 30

We present three hypotheses-(1) the limbic psychotic trigger reaction (LPTR) is a form of nonconvulsive behavioral seizures (NCBS), (2) kindling may occur in the LPTR, and (3) kindling may occur with memory stimuli-and report a case that may exemplify a LPTR kindled by memory and triggered by light and smell. The LPTR has a primate model, in which NCBS are kindled by intermittent exposure to actual subthreshold stimuli. In humans, we propose that such triggering stimuli can be revived by memory alone. Thus, individualized stimuli can trigger partial limbic seizures or seizure-like bizarre episodes with a transient loss of frontal control functions. We present a case of paroxysmal episodes of out-of-character, bizarre, unplanned nonvoluntary acts that occurred with flat affect and without drive motivation (e.g., "fire setting"). Implicated is a transient state of limbic "paleo-consciousness" with preserved memory, autonomic arousal, and first-time brief psychosis (e.g., olfactory, visual hallucinations and depersonalization with olfactory attributes). As in kindled primates, LPTR patients do not show a consistent pattern of morphological brain abnormality; half have had an abnormal electroencephalogram, computed tomography scan, or magnetic resonance image at some time during their lives, and half (including the new patient) have had closed head injuries.
 ...
PMID:Can memories kindle nonconvulsive behavioral seizures in humans? Case report exemplifying the "limbic psychotic trigger reaction". 1538 Jan 35

Autoscopic phenomena (AP) are rare, illusory visual experiences during which the subject has the impression of seeing a second own body in extrapersonal space. AP consist of out-of-body experience, autoscopic hallucination, and heautoscopy. Recent neurologic reports support the role of multisensory integration deficits of body-related information and vestibular dysfunctions in AP at the temporo-parietal junction. A caveat to test the underlying neurologic and cognitive mechanisms of AP has been their rare and spontaneous occurrence. Recent evidence linked AP to mental own-body imagery engaging brain mechanisms at the temporo-parietal junction. These recent observations open a new avenue for testing AP-related cognitive mechanisms in selected clinical and normal populations. We review evidence on several clinical syndromes (psychosis, depression, anxiety, depersonalization, body dysmorphic disorder), suggesting that some of these syndromes may relate to AP-proneness, thereby leading to testable propositions for future research on body and self processing in addition to AP.
 ...
PMID:The demystification of autoscopic phenomena: experimental propositions. 1593 32

From a holistic perspective, psychiatric diseases are caused by the patient's unwillingness to assume responsibility for his life, existence, and personal relations. The loss of responsibility arises from the repression of the fundamental existential dimensions of the patients. Repression of love and purpose causes depersonalization (i.e., a lack of responsibility for being yourself and for the contact with others, loss of direction and purpose in life). Repression of strength in mind and emotions leads to derealization (the breakdown of the reality testing, often with mental delusions and hallucinations). The repression of joy and gender leads to devitalization (emotional emptiness, loss of joy, personal energy, sexuality, and pleasure in life). The losses of existential dimensions are invariably connected to traumas with life-denying decisions. Healing the wounds of the soul by holding and processing will lead to the recovery of the person's character, purpose of life, and existential responsibility. It can be very difficult to help a psychotic patient. The physician must first love his patient unconditionally and then fully understand the patient in order to meet and support the patient to initiate the holistic process of healing. It takes motivation and willingness to suffer on behalf of the patients in order to heal, as the existential and emotional pain of the traumas resulting in insanity is often overwhelming. We believe that most psychiatric diseases can be alleviated or cured by the loving and caring physician who masters the holistic toolbox. Further research is needed to document the effect of holistic medicine in psychiatry.
 ...
PMID:Clinical holistic medicine: mental disorders in a holistic perspective. 1596 98

Clinical features of messianic delusions in endogenous psychoses have been retrospectively studied in 75 patients (33 male, 42 female, aged 16-62 years, illness duration from 0.5 to 39 years) with diagnosis paranoid schizophrenia, continuous type (F20.00)--18 patients, attack like progressive type (F20.02)--17 patients, schizoaffective disorder (F25)--27 and acute polymorphic psychotic disorder (F23.03)--13. Being a kind of delusion of grandeur, messianic delusion is characterized by destruction of "self" as break with the past experience, transformation to mythological characters (total depersonalization) and assignment of supernatural power. Its content is similar to apocalyptical, mystical, antagonistic (Manicheam) delusions. Formation of the delusion plot occurred in the framework of hallucinate-paranoid syndrome received its greatest expression in the structure of paraphrenic and oneiroid syndromes. The volume of its content, duration and mechanisms of delusion formation (hallucinative, sensual and delusion of imagination) were defined by a form of schizophrenic psychosis. Sometimes such patients confer social danger and demand more attention from psychiatrists.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical features of messianic delusions in schizophrenic spectrum disorders]. 1673 55

A number of studies have noted that dissociative symptoms (e.g., feelings of derealization, depersonalization, memory complaints, absorption) overlap with the tendency to report psychotic-like experiences (i.e., schizotypy). The question arises as to what may account for the shared variance between dissociation and schizotypy. The present study investigated whether fantasy proneness, cognitive failures, and childhood trauma may jointly explain the dissociation-schizotypy link. To this end, we administered the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Schizotypal Personality Scale, the Creative Experiences Questionnaire, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to a sample of undergraduates (N = 185). Fantasy proneness, cognitive failures, and childhood trauma together explained substantial part (58%) of the dissociation-schizotypy link. The present study succeeded in explaining a considerate part of the shared variance between dissociation and schizotypy.
 ...
PMID:Why dissociation and schizotypy overlap: the joint influence of fantasy proneness, cognitive failures, and childhood trauma. 1804 21

The purpose of this work was to study the relationship between self-focused attention and dissociative experiences in 4 groups of subjects: patients with a psychotic disorder who suffer from auditory hallucinations, patients with psychoses who have recovered from their hallucinations, patients with psychoses who have never had them, and a fourth nonclinical group. The private self-consciousness scale, revised version by Scheier and Carver, J Appl Soc Psychol. 1985;15:687-699, was used to measure self-focused attention, and the dissociative experience scale (DES-II, Bernstein and Putnam, J Nerv Ment Dis. 1986;174:727-735) was used for dissociation. The results showed that the attention of subjects with hallucinations was more self-focused than the nonclinical group, but did not differentiate significantly from groups of patients without hallucinations. On the other hand, patients with hallucinations and those recovered from them had a higher percentage of dissociative experiences than the rest of the groups in the total DES-II score and in its 3 factors, dissociative amnesia, depersonalization, and absorption. We also found a positive correlation between self-focusing and dissociative experiences in subjects with hallucinations. The depersonalization factor on the DES-II was the only factor predicting auditory hallucinations. The conclusions discuss the relevance of dissociative factors and self-focused attention to understanding the etiology of auditory hallucinations and their contributions to current cognitive models of hallucinations.
 ...
PMID:Relationship between self-focused attention and dissociation in patients with and without auditory hallucinations. 1834 Feb 53

The clinical features and symptoms of postpartum psychoses are presented in relation to the classification according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) and the concept of "puerperal psychosis". A number of symptoms, ie confusional symptoms, depersonalization, misrecognitions and the "kaleidoscopic" picture are shown to be prominent features. In schizoaffective disorder and unspecified functional psychosis a higher frequency of confusional symptoms, misrecognitions, thematic delusions and a "kaleidoscopic" course of illness was found compared to schizophrenia, mania or depression. The findings of this study support a special status for postpartum psychosis and suggest a link with the concept of cycloid psychosis. In the management of postpartum mental disorder the risk of child-directed aggression, suicide and sudden relapses into psychosis requires special attention.
 ...
PMID:The clinical features of postpartum psychoses. 1969 68

The phenomena which Kurt Schneider grouped together to form the ego disturbances have always been of particular diagnostic relevance for schizophrenia. While little importance was historically attached to accurately describing and distinguishing psychopathological symptoms, Karl Jaspers' and Kurt Schneider's descriptive psychopathology aims to draw a sharp yet differentiated distinction between psychotic and non-psychotic disorders at the symptom level. New developments in phenomenology including aspects of symptom development are presented. The depersonalization experience is focused on as a transitional phenomenon which is distinguishes from neurotic depersonalization through a disturbed sense of mineness. The ego disturbances indicate that disturbed mineness can be seen as the common denominator of first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia.
 ...
PMID:[The psychopathology of ego disturbances: history and phenomenology]. 2080 88


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>