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Query: UMLS:C0011206 (delirium)
 5,996 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Increasingly, patients are exercising the right to refuse treatment. Patients who have been chronically ill or those who consider themselves terminally ill are most apt to do so. Accordingly, liaison psychiatrists are asked to determine whether refusal of treatment is an act of suicide or a competent choice. This is difficult to assess in the absence of delirium or overt psychosis. It is suggested that the dynamics and affective tones of the patients' reaction to the health care system as well as to family and friends are of major significance in this determination. The actual process of exploring these areas with patients making this choice is often therapeutic in restoring the patients' sense of control or authenticity. Often this process enables them to continue treatment and avoid the impulsive interpersonal anger that characterized the suicidal act.
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PMID:Refusal of treatment: suicide or competent choice. 52 Aug 32

The disappearance of hysterical madness, in the second decade of our century, was related to the emergence of the tentacular concept of schizophrenia. The case of Marie-Christine, a young girl whose delirium calls to mind the imaginary in witchcraft, prompts us to question upon the pertinency of abandonning the nosological entity "hysterical madness". We are attempting to show that, thanks to the Lacanian contribution in the theory of psychose, it is now becoming possible to distinguish between the latter and hysterical madness, this through the various and different aspects of the onset of the illness, of the fundamental mechanism, of the characteristics of the delirium, of the transference, of morbid anxiety.. That is why, to us, there seems to be a perceptible difference between the delirious hysteric who cannot manage to inhabit his sexed body, and the psychotic who has not succeeded in getting a grasp on the symbolic. Moreover, it seems that there is a close continuity from ordinary hysteria to hysterical madness, so that in the latter the delirium would not be the illness itself but only a symptom.
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PMID:[In favor of rehabilitation of the entity of "folie hysterique"]. 59 58

Based on a clinical observation of a paranoid filiation delirium, the authors raise the fundamental question of the nature of psychotic structure itself. They suggest an interpretation of the structure of the psychosis as an attempt to rationalize and give shape to an inarticulate discourse. This work as a whole should be looked upon in the perspective of a new approach to the psychiatric occurrence through what might be called a relativist epistemology.
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PMID:[Apropos of a paranoid filiation delirium: the "intelligence" complex of dementia and psychiatry with associated absence of critical "control"]. 67 6

A clinico-epidemiological study was made of 446 patients who suffered from alcoholic psychoses during 1946--1970. An analysis of the quantitative and qualitative modification of the syndromes, the regularities in their dynamics demonstrated that the transformation of the symptomatology to a large extent depend upon the type of development of the alcoholic psychoses. Transitory psychoses are more frequently replaced by psychopathy-like personality changes. In a remittent development, repeated psychoses are characterized, as a rule, by a delirium or hallucinosis. Following a delirium there are typical acute verbal hallucinosis. During relapses there is an increasing amount of atypical symptoms. In patients with mixed and especially a continuous development of the psychoses, the pathokinesis of syndromes proceeds on the level of profound psychopathological disorders. As a result there may be either schizoform and crude organic clinical pictures and eventually there is a deep organic symptomatology (pseudoparalysis), or against the background of crude alcoholic personality changes, after lucid periods, there may be acute psychotic conditions.
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PMID:[Syndromokinesis of alcoholic psychoses (according to the results of a clinico-epidemiologic survey)]. 72 68

Fifty chronic alcoholics (37 men and 13 women, ages 26--55, mean age 39.9 years) with different clinical syndromes (alcoholic psychosis, alcoholic encephalopathies) were studied by computerized cranial tomography. Cerebral atrophy was detected in 96% of all cases. Combined cortical and subcortical signs were encountered in almost all cases. Cortical atrophy seemed to be detectable more easily by CT than by pneumencephalography. The computerized tomographic findings were studied in their relations to age, sex, duration of abuse, clinical syndromes, frequency of relapse (and seizures, too), etc. Cerebral atrophy was correlated primarily with the subjects' age and the duration, and less with the intensity of alcoholism. The most distinct changes were found in delirium syndromes and, in cases with relapse of psychosis, especially in combination with seizures. Wernicke-Korsakow encephalopathies showed the widest third ventricles when combined with repeated syndromes of withdrawal in their case histories. Computerized tomographic examinations of ten patients during acute psychosis as well as 4 weeks later showed identical findings; transitory changes, e.g., cerebral edema, were not detected. Computerized cranial tomography appears to be extremely useful to study the numerous open questions concerning the pathogenetic role of age, duration, and severity of abuse with cerebral atrophy.
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PMID:[Brain atrophy in chronic alcoholism. Clinical and computer tomographic study]. 73 66

The authors have previously analyzed themes such as 'the rails', 'the sun', 'the house' in the drawings and modellings of very regressed, psychotic children. Here we have 'the roads', another anxiogenous subject. The mental condition of the young patients expresses itself clearly in the way the theme is treated in plastic works, and even in the stage play. The colours used, the entanglement, the importance of cross-roads, and the delirious comments are studied. The image of the roads is changing with progressing success of treatment.
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PMID:[Roads in the phantasms of psychotic children]. 77 24

A clinical study of 183 patients detected the absence of a syndromological uniformity in the mussitative variant of delirium tremens. The dynamical clinical picture of psychosis may include during one of the stages of its development a delirious-amentive syndrome, short-time amentive states and oniric experiences. The seen variants of disordered consciousness have a tendency to a transition to clouded forms which subsequentive lead to a significant drop of socio-labour capacity making such disorders prognostically extremely significant. An analysis of "lucid periods" in this contingent demonstrated their affinity to one of the mild forms of disordered consciousness.
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PMID:[Clinical heterogeneity of consciousness disorders in the mussitational variant of delirium tremens]. 84 45

The paper presents therapeutical results of 105 patients with severe forms of alcoholic delirium who were treated by intensive therapeutical methods in a specialized department. The main trends of the intensive therapy were the following: discontinuation of psychomotor excitation and general hyperkinesia, the treatment of respiration disturbances and massive infusion therapy. As a result, in 87 patients of 105 the psychotic condition was ceasted 12--24 hours after the beginning of the treatment.
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PMID:[Basic principles and trends in the intensive therapy of severe forms of alcoholic delirium]. 84 47

An analysis of the clinical picture and development of acute alcoholic psychosis in 300 inhabitants of the North Region permitted to distinguish some traits of these conditions. Psychoses were characterized by an expressed atypicity of the psychopathological picture, somato-vegetative disorders, a complication of the development of the psychoses in comparison with the inhabitants of the middle latitudes. The authors also distinguished some differences in the predilectiveness of some syndromes or symptoms, the character and content of them in alcoholic psychoses in natives and newcomers. It was also possible to establish disorders of psychophysiological adaptation to conditions of the North Regions in the newcomers and first of all in the clinical picture and development of alcoholic delirium.
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PMID:[Features of acute alcoholic psychoses in the Far North]. 89

The authors studied the traits of psychotic attacks in 40 patients with terminal stages of chronic renal insufficiency. They were expressed in atypical delirious, delirio-amentive and amentive conditions. 8 cases were studied morphologically. The pathological process in the brain was characterized as toxico-dyshomeostatic encephalopathy. The pathogenesis of such disorders is discussed.
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PMID:[Features of episodes of mental disorders in chronic renal insufficiency (clinico-morphologic study)]. 96 Dec 87


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