Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neoplasms of the nasopharynx are rare in children, but they threaten the child's life when they do occur. The nasopharynx tends to harbor dysontogenetic neoplasms. After classification into benign and malignant groups, nasopharyngeal neoplasms in children can be further characterized according to the age of the patients in which the clinical manifestations usually appear. Dermoids and teratomas are the most frequently encountered neoplasms of the nasopharynx in infants and may produce airway obstruction and dysphagia. Among the benign tumors of the nasopharynx in children, the juvenile angiofibroma deserves the most attention. With the onset in puberty, these neoplasms may cause recurrent massive bleeding and orbital and intracranial complications. Evaluation of the extent of the neoplasm and the source of the blood supply has been improved with bilateral selective internal and external carotid angiography. Intracranial and orbital invasion is regarded as an indication for radiotherapy. Surgery has been made somewhat safer by preoperative estrogen therapy and angiographic embolization of the major arterial supply. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx have immunologic similarities to patients with Burkitt's lymphomia and infectious mononucleosis; The etiologic role of the Epstein-Barr virus is considered. The parts played by radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, and cryosurgery in the treatment of children with carcinoma of the nasopharynx are discussed. The value of radical neck dissection after radiation therapy is critically reviewed. The prognosis in patients with carcinoma of the nasopharynx is better in females than in males and better in children than in adults.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1977 Feb
PMID:Neoplasms of the nasopharynx in children. 19 80

Postvagotomy dysphagia (PVD) has been attributed to either periesophageal obstruction or failure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to relax, presumably from interruption of preganglionic, contraction-inhibiting vagal fibers--a postvagotomy achalasia (PVA). This report describes a patient with periesophageal fibrosis which was successfully treated with dilation, and a second patient with an achalasia-like pattern on esophageal manometry after unilateral high, transthoracic vagotomy. The second patient is the first manometrically documented example of achalasia in a human subject related to proximal vagotomy. Most, if not all, PVD is due to esophageal obstruction and PVA is rare.
J Clin Gastroenterol 1979 Dec
PMID:Mechanical and neurogenic factors in postvagotomoy dysphagia. 26 49

A patient is reported whose ailment meets the criteria of CPM. The illness was complicated by pneumonitis, most likely of the aspiration type. Of particular interest was the reversibility of a clinical picture of marked deterioration when attention was paid to fluid and electrolyte balance and maintenance of respiration. This patient's illness appears to meet the criteria of CPM, namely impairment of the facial muscles and tongue with dysphagia and dysarthria, flaccid quadriparesis or quadriplegia, and frequently, lack of response to painful stimuli followed by respiratory paralysis. The presence of peripheral neuropathy has been previously noted in a patient with CPM, but it is not an integral part of the disease.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1979 Jan
PMID:Central pontine myelinolysis. 37 56

Dysphagia due to secondary involvement of the oesophagus by pancreatic carcinoma is relatively rare. Occasionally, the oesophagus may be involved by direct extension of a carcinoma of the body and/or tail of the pancreas or metastatic lymphadenopathy in the posterior mediastinum. Although the literature contains a few case reports in which barium studies revealed displacement or obstruction of the distal oesophagus, a benign-appearing, smooth, tapered narrowing of the distal oesophagus with a fixed, right-angled configuration is a radiological finding which has not been previously emphasised. In the author's experience, this abnormality may be a helpful radiological clue to the diagnosis of carcinoma of the tail of the pancreas. The clinical, radiological and pathological findings in four patients with dysphagia and a right-angled narrowing of the distal oesophagus secondary to carcinoma of the tail of the pancreas are described and illustrated; the radiological differential diagnosis is briefly discussed.
Clin Radiol 1979 Jan
PMID:Right-angled narrowing of the distal oesophagus secondary to carcinoma of the tail of the pancreas. 42 21

Two cases of a rare hereditary disease, epidermolysis bullosa, congenital and acquired, are presented. The disease manifests by vesicular eruptions over the skin and mucous membrane of the oropharynx and oesophagus, alternating with sympton-free periods. The recurrent crops of vesicles heal by scarring and progressive stenosis of the pharynx and oesophagus. Although mucosal involvement is a less common and a late manifestation of the disease, it may occur in relatively mild cases and relatively early in the course of the disease. It is important that the radiologist be familiar with the pharyngoesophageal manifestations since the patient may present with dysphagia during an interval free of cutaneous lesions. The barium swallow appearance of stricturing with obstruction is illustrated.
Clin Radiol 1978 Jan
PMID:Pharyngoesophageal manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa. 62 7

An 18-year-old boy presented with a four-year history of dysphagia which had been treated repeatedly by endoscopic removal of papillomata of the oesophagus. Eventually, due to increasing dysphagia and repeated recurrences of the papillomata, resection of the affected lower third of the oesophagus was deemed necessary. The resected segment of the oesophagus was carpeted with numerous benign squamous papillomata. The clinical features, radiographic appearances, and pathology of this extremely rare tumour are presented. Only two acceptable cases of oesophageal papillomata can be found in the literature, making this the third case, and apparently the only one with multiple lesions.
J Clin Pathol 1978 Feb
PMID:Benign oesophageal papillomatosis. A case report with a review of the literature. 63 53

Gastrointestinal metastases secondary to bronchogenic carcinoma are relatively uncommon and most are found incidentally at autopsy examination in patients with advanced or widely disseminated lung cancer. Occasionally gastrointestinal metastases occurr relatively early in the course of the disease and give rise to a variety of clinical symptoms and radiological abnormalities. Recognition of these abnormalities is important in order that appropriate palliative therapy may be undertaken. The clinical. radiological and pathological findings in 12 patients with symptomatic gastrointestinal metastases secondary to bronchogenic carcinoma were reviewed. Clinical symptoms varied according to the site of metastatic involvement and included dysphagia, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, anaemia and signs of intestinal obstruction or perforation. The sites of metastatic involvement were: oesphagogastric junction (2 cases); stomach (2 cases); duodenum (1 case): jejunum (3 cases); ileum (2 cases), colon (2 cases). The radiological findings are discussed and illustrated.
Clin Radiol 1978 Mar
PMID:Symptomatic gastrointestinal metastases secondary to bronchogenic carcinoma. 63 63

1. The syndrome of reflux gastritis is produced by the actions of bile and upper intestinal and pancreatic secretions alone or in combination on an altered gastric mucosa. 2. The triad of epigastric pain unrelieved by antacids, bilious vomiting, and weight loss, particularly after a gastric operation should make one suspect this syndrome. Anemia due to loss of blood and dysphagia occur less frequently. 3. The definitive diagnosis is made by endoscopy. Barium studies are of less value. Acid secretory studies are not diagnostic and are of academic interest. 4. Medical treatment utilizes antacids and cholestyramine alone or together. Good, long-lasting results with these are infrequent. Despite these results, medical treatment should be tried first. 5. Surgical treatment consists of diversion of the biliary and upper intestinal secretions from the stomach and doing a vagotomy with or without a distal gastric resection to prevent a marginal ulcer from developing. 6. The two most popular operations are a Roux-en-Y diversion or interposed peristaltic jejunal limb. The simplicity of the former has made this more popular with most American surgeons. 7. The results of surgery are good to excellent in 75 to 95 per cent of cases. Relief of symptoms, improvement in histologic and secretory studies, and weight gain should be anticipated. 8. Less than optimal results are reported when the surgical diversion has not been total, gastric stasis persists, or other postgastrectomy sequelae accompany reflux gastritis.
Surg Clin North Am 1976 Dec
PMID:Postoperative alkaline reflux gastritis. 79 63

We report the familial occurrence of the G syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies affecting a mother and her three sons. All showed the characteristic syndromal facies, a low total ridge count, pronounced hypertelorism, and mild mental retardation, and severe dysphagia in infancy which improved with age but persisted in the boys (it has disappeared in the mother). One of the boys had a left cleft lip and cleft palate, another had a unilateral cleft lip. All boys had hypospadias: penile in two (with descended testes) and perineal in another (with cryptorchidism). Familial occurrence in this family is compatible with autosomal dominant inheritance.
Clin Genet 1975 Mar
PMID:Familial occurrence of the g syndrome. 113 93

In a group of 47 patients with mediastinal granulomas, the most common clinical symptoms were cough, chest pain, dysphagia, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. The main laboratory findings were right paratracheal or hilar mass on chest roentgenogram, positive histoplasmin skin test, and caseating granuloma on histopathologic examination. Complications included fibrosing mediastinitis with superior vena cava obstruction, esophageal compression, and major upper airway compression. Treatment was usually surgical resection or evacuation of caseous contents. The prognosis in most patients with mediastinal granulomas appears to be good--long-term survival with minimal or no disability.
Mayo Clin Proc 1975 Dec
PMID:Mediastinal granuloma. 119 80


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