Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We experienced a case of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus treated by operation. A 57-year-old female was examined for a complaint of dysphagia. The radiologic and endoscopic examination revealed Borrmann III like tumor (8 cm long) at lower esophagus (EiEa). Endoscopic biopsy led to a diagnosis of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Chest X-ray and chest CT showed no lung tumor, no swelling of lymph node and no invasion of esophageal tumor. Lower esophagectomy, proximal gastrectomy and esophago-gastrostomy through intrathoracic route was performed. Histopathologically, resected tumor was diagnosed as small cell carcinoma (Oat-cell type) with rosette formation. Grimerius stain revealed negative reaction and immunohistochemical stain by NSE monoclonal antibody revealed positive reaction in tumor cells. Histological staging was a0, n1(+), M0, P1(zero), stage II. Recurrence at paraaortic lymph node occurred in 2 months after the surgery. Chemotherapy (CDDP, 5-FU and Leucovorin) was performed, but not effective. She died from multiple metastases in 5 months after the surgery (6 months after the diagnosis).
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PMID:[A case of small cell carcinoma (oat-cell type) of the esophagus]. 874 55

A promising preoperative immunochemotherapy regimen for locally advanced esophageal cancer is herein described. A 67-year-old man suffering from severe dysphagia was diagnosed with unresectable esophageal cancer at initial examination because of a tumor of 11 cm in length and suspicion of trachea invasion. Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy was undertaken for the down-staging. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) (3.5 x 10(5) Japan reference units), nedaplatin (7 mg/m2) and 5-FU (300 mg/m2) were administered intravenously daily for 5 days a week for three weeks. The gross findings of a barium esophagogram and esophagoscopy revealed significant tumor regression in both size and shape. The patient underwent an esophagectomy through a laparotomy followed by a right thoracotomy. The surgical specimens were serially sectioned and examined microscopically. All of the surgical margins were clear (upper and lower margins as well as the adventitia), and there was no evidence of lymph node metastasis. The surgical specimen revealed neoplastic squamous ghost cells surrounding significant lymphocyte infiltration. This appears to be a unique feature of this particular neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.
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PMID:A new preoperative immunochemotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer. 975 87

A 63-year-old male with an esophageal cancer invading the bronchus was treated with radiation therapy (70 Gy) from November 1995, resulting in the disappearance of the lesion. He was later readmitted due to dysphagia from the recurrence of the esophageal cancer. We diagnosed, by endoscopic and chest CT scan findings, that the esophageal cancer was invading the right bronchus. We inserted an expandable metallic stent endoscopically, and the patient could eat well. We performed two courses of FLEP chemotherapy (consisting of 5-FU, leucovorin, etoposide and cisplatin) from November 12, 1997. He then suffered from an esophagobronchial fistula, but was cured by a covered expandable metallic stent replacement. No esophageal stenoses or recurrences were seen endoscopically and he could eat well on December 7, 1998. The standard modality of treatment for patients with advanced esophageal cancer invading adjacent structures is not yet established, and the prognosis for such patients remains quite poor. We performed combination therapy with an expandable metallic stent replacement and FLEP chemotherapy, and improved the patient's quality of life. This form of therapy was thus proved useful for patients with esophageal cancer invading adjacent structures.
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PMID:[Usefulness of combination therapy with expandable metallic stent replacement and FLEP chemotherapy (consisting of 5-FU, leucovorin, etoposide and cisplatin) for advanced esophageal cancer invading the bronchus: a case report]. 1047 91

A 63-year-old man was admitted to our institution with a hard tumor on the left side of the neck. He was diagnosed as having advanced esophageal cancer (Stage IV) with a massive supraclavicular lymph node metastasis, and the lesion was thought to be unresectable. He was treated with chemotherapy (CDDP-VDS-5-FU) and radiation therapy, and all the tumors completely disappeared on endoscopic and CT examination. A stricture with scarring was detected in the esophagus at 6 months after treatment. No neoplastic tissue was detected in the lesion, and his dysphagia was relieved by dilation of the stricture. Recurrence on the left side of the neck was detected by CT at 2.5 years after chemoradiation therapy. However, the tumor has not grown over the 2-year interval since then, so it seems to be dormant. He has now survived with a good QOL for 5 years since the first hospital admission. We conclude that advanced esophageal cancer can be treated with chemoradiation therapy if the patient is in sufficiently good overall condition.
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PMID:[A case of stage IV esophageal cancer successfully treated by chemoradiation]. 1063 10

Esophageal cancer is among the 10 most frequent cancers in the world. Iran is one of the known areas with a high incidence of esophageal cancer. Most of the patients in Iran have been reported from the north and northeast regions of the country. In one survey by the Iran Cancer Institute, 9% of all cancers and 27% of gastrointestinal cancers were esophageal carcinoma. The male to female ratio was 1.7/1. The distal portion of the esophagus is involved more often than other parts. Consumption of wheat flour, exposure to residues from opium pipes, drinking hot tea, and chewing nass (a mixture of tobacco, lime, ash, and other ingredients) are the suspect etiologic agents for esophageal cancer in Iran. Dysphagia, weight loss, anorexia, abdominal pain, and odynophagia are the common symptoms and signs of Iranian patients with esophageal cancer. For clinical staging, chest computed tomographic scanning is performed. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is not as common in Iran as in western countries. Public education, nutritional support, and eradication of opium addiction may decrease the morbidity and mortality that result from esophageal cancer. Surgery has traditionally been the mainstay of esophageal cancer treatment in Iran. Radiotherapy is mainly used postoperatively. The usual combination chemotherapy regimen is cisplatin plus flurouracil (5-Fu). Semin Oncol 28:153-157.
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PMID:Esophageal cancer in Iran. 1130 77

A 56-year-old man presented with dysphagia, and was found to have a type 3 advanced gastric cancer with bilateral multiple lung metastases. This patient was treated with low-dose 5-FU plus CDDP chemotherapy. In the first course, CDDP (6 mg/m2/day) plus 5-FU (300 mg/m2/day) were infused for 5 successive days a week, but a tumor response was not achieved. Therefore, in the second course, CDDP (6 mg/m2/day) plus 5-FU (600 mg/m2/day) were infused every other day (3 days a week). In response to the treatment, both the gastric tumor and the lung metastases almost completely disappeared (reduction rate 95%), and PR was achieved. The CEA level markedly decreased, from 260.3 to 1.4 ng/ml and the patient's symptoms disappeared. Following this treatment, low-dose CDDP plus UFT therapy was performed and the PR was maintained for 12 months. This report shows a case of advanced gastric cancer that responded to low-dose 5-FU plus CDDP.
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PMID:[A case of advanced gastric cancer responding to combination chemotherapy with low-dose 5-FU plus CDDP]. 1235 50

Much can be achieved in the management of and treatment of the complications of metastatic gastrointestinal cancer. Ascites accompanied by identifiable malignant cells frequently can be controlled by intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The symptoms of a deficiency anemia may be relieved by suitable replacement therapy. Radiotherapy may relieve dysphagia. There is no single effective remedy for persistent hiccups; some of the commonly used measures are described. 5-Fluorouracil (5 FU) is the first chemotherapeutic agent found to have a significant effect on gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. Treatment may be accompanied by severe toxicity and should be administered in hospital by experienced chemotherapists. Radiotherapy may relieve perineal pain, tenesmus, dysphagia and discharge.
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PMID:PALLIATIVE MANAGEMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER. 1415 58

A 32-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with dysphagia. An upper gastrointestinal series revealed Borrmann type 2 esophageal cancer in the lower thoracic esophagus. Because direct invasion of the thoracic aorta was suspected, FAP therapy (CDDP, 5-FU and ADM) was given as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After completion of two courses, her dysphagia resolved and the tumor shrank by over 90%, so radical surgery was performed. No lesions were found when the resected specimen was examined macroscopically. The only histological change was hyperplasia of collagen fibers in the submucosa, lamina propria and adventitia of the esophagus. No cancer cells and no metastases to the lymph nodes were observed. Because the tumor had completely disappeared, the histological effect of chemotherapy was classified as grade 3, i.e., pathological complete response (PCR). The response to FAP therapy was excellent and no serious adverse events occurred. Therefore, this is one of the treatments that should be actively applied in patients who have advanced esophageal cancer with suspected lymph node metastasis and invasion of other organs.
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PMID:Case report: a young woman with advanced esophageal cancer showing pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CDDP, 5-FU and ADM). 1533 Jan 88

Adenocarcinomas are exceedingly rare in the cervical esophagus (26 reported cases), where squamous cell cancer (SCC) is the predominant tumor type. Esophageal heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) - a frequent remnant of incomplete replacement of the original columnar epithelium during the embryonic period - is suspected as cellular origin of cervical esophageal adenocarcinomas. As in any rare tumor entity, no standard treatment strategy is available for cervical esophageal adenocarcinomas. We herein report about the case of a 52-year-old man with a locally advanced, irresectable cervical esophageal adenocarcinoma originating in HGM. We decided on a neoadjuvant therapy (48.6 Gy + 5-FU/cisplatin) derived from experiences with SCC. Restaging showed an extraordinary good clinical response of the previously irresectable tumor. Subsequently the patient underwent limited cervical esophageal resection, lymphadenectomy and interposition of a free jejunal loop for reconstruction. Postoperative histopathological work-up of the specimen showed no residual tumor tissue, but unchanged HGM. This is the first case with complete response of a rare cervical esophageal adenocarcinoma to a neoadjuvant protocol. On 3-year follow-up the patient is doing fine with no complaints of dysphagia and no evidence of local or systemic recurrence.
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PMID:Esophageal adenocarcinomas in heterotopic gastric mucosa: review and report of a case with complete response to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. 1584 72

Docetaxel (DOC) has demonstrated an activity as a radiation sensitizer in head and neck cancer. We have experienced four cases of esophageal cancer treated by weekly DOC in combination with concomitant radiotherapy. Three cases of advanced esophageal cancer and a case of relapsed esophageal cancer after administration of 5-FU and CDDP were enrolled in this pilot trial. The schedule of treatment included a weekly administration of DOC (10 mg/m2/w) and six weeks of radiotherapy in 2.0 Gy daily fractions up to 60 Gy. Combination treatments were completed successfully without any side effects except a case of developed grade 1 dysphagia. Two cases showed a complete response and others showed a partial response. One case showed a complete response developed abdominal para aortic lymph node and liver recurrence 12 months after the treatment. However, the targeted lesion within radiotherapy for this patient still showed a complete response. A weekly administration of low dose DOC in combination with radiotherapy was very effective for advanced esophageal cancer. DOC has demonstrated an activity as a radiation sensitizer.
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PMID:[Weekly docetaxel in combination with concomitant radiotherapy for esophageal cancer]. 1631 24


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