Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Esophageal carcinosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor. The tumor is composed of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. The multiple designations of names such as pseudosarcoma, pseudosarcomatous carcinoma, polypoid carcinoma etc. reflect the controversy on the nature of sarcomatous component of this lesion. We report a case of carcinosarcoma of esophagus occurred in a 67 year old male with progressive dysphagia. Esophageal polypoid tumor was found by endoscopy and was resected by esophagectomy. Carcinosarcoma was proved by demonstrating both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components in the tumor. Immunohistochemical studies revealed positive keratin stain in the sarcomatous area and positive vimentin stain in the sarcomatous area. The tumor was reported to have a better prognosis than that of the squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus in the literatures, especially in the survival rate.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of esophagus. Report of one case and review of the literature. 146 40

The case of an 8-month-old female with fibrous hamartoma of the tongue is reported with immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings. An elastic hard mass at the base of the tongue gradually enlarged, causing dysphagia. The tumor was excised by CO2 laser. Under light microscopy, the tumor was observed as composed of fibroblast-like cells, fibrocollagenous bundles and striated muscle tissues. The majority of the cells were immunoreactive for vimentin. Electronmicroscopically, they contained numerous intermediate filaments, some had intercellular microvilli and cilia (9 + 2 type). These findings revealed that the cells of the fibrous hamartoma in our case may possess both mesenchymal and epithelial properties.
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PMID:Fibrous hamartoma of the tongue: report of a case with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. 749 50

A pleomorphic (giant cell) carcinoma of the esophagus is reported in a 52-year-old man who had dysphagia and weakness. The 8-cm-high vegetating tumor consisted of solid sheets of poorly cohesive epithelioid cells broken into clusters by strands of stroma. Numerous giant cells showing phagocytic phenomenon were present. Immunochemical analyses demonstrated the epithelial origin of the neoplasm, although most of the tumor cells strongly expressed vimentin. Numerous tumor cells expressed synaptophysin. Neurosecretory granules were detected in some tumor cells on electron microscopic examination. The patient died 4 months after he became symptomatic. As far as we can ascertain, this is the first case report describing a pleomorphic carcinoma arising in the esophagus. This poorly differentiated carcinoma might be of neuroendocrine differentiation. In the esophagus, pleomorphic carcinoma must be distinguished from polypoid tumors such as carcinosarcoma and malignant melanoma.
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PMID:Pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the esophagus with coexpression of cytokeratin and vimentin and neuroendocrine differentiation. 1062 46

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively uncommon, usually benign and solitary neoplasms. Until now, about 200 cases of esophageal GCTs have been reported in the literature. We present a rare case of synchronous occurrence of esophageal GCT and moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in a 40-year-old white woman. The GCT was detected incidentally during esophagoscopy undertaken for evaluation of a 4-month history of progressive solid food dysphagia. The gross and microscopic appearance of the GCT was typical. It was localized in the mucosa of the middle esophagus dystally and separately to the cancer. It revealed strong positive immunostaining for vimentin, S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase, as well as weakly positive focal staining for Ki67 and p53 protein. Although, the coexistence of esophageal GCTs and cancers seems to be coincidental, the necessity of a careful clinical evaluation and a close follow-up of patients with GCT is suggested.
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PMID:Coexistence of esophageal granular cell tumor and squamous cell carcinoma: a case report. 1206 50

An 8-year-old male Rottweiler was presented for recurrent episodes of dysphagia and vomiting with chronic weight loss. Radiography revealed a mediastinal mass in the heart base region. Necropsy revealed a firm, white mediastinal mass extending along the distal esophagus, through the diaphragm, to the gastric cardia, leftward to the convex visceral aspect of the fundus, and rightward along the lesser curvature of the stomach to the pyloric antrum. The gastric lymph node was enlarged and the omentum contained several nodules. Histologically, deep fundic mucosa contained pleomorphic, vacuolated cells with intracytoplasmic mucin, which was hyaluronidase resistant. Neoplastic cells were cytokeratin positive and vimentin negative. Transmural invasion was evidenced by the presence of cytokeratin-positive cells between smooth muscle bundles of the gastric wall. The mediastinal mass was composed of clusters of neoplastic cells in a stroma of dense and loose connective tissue. Neoplastic cells were also within blood and lymphatic vessels, tracheobronchial and gastric lymph nodes, and around peripheral nerves. This carcinoma most likely arose from the gastric fundus and extended to the cardia, from where it advanced proximally to the mediastinum as well as further rightward along the lesser curvature, demonstrating an anatomic continuity suggestive of a direct invasion. Metastasis, evidenced by the presence of lymphatic, blood, and perineural tumor emboli, also occurred.
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PMID:Scirrhous gastric carcinoma with mediastinal invasion in a dog. 1268 Jun 48

Angiosarcoma of the larynx is a rare malignant tumour of vascular origin, accounting for less than 1% of all malignant tumours of the larynx. Angiosarcoma involves, in particular, the head and neck in areas such as the scalp and face. The causes are unknown, even if, in some cases, it is believed to be radiation-induced. The case is described of a patient with hypopharyngolaryngeal angiosarcoma, which became manifest with dysphagia, dysphonia and a palpable right latero-cervical mass about 7 cm in length. The patient underwent total pharyngolaryngectomy, right hemithyroidectomy, and bilateral neck dissection. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed a large haemorrhagic lesion involving the right pyriform sinus and homolateral hemilarynx. Right radical neck dissection revealed 9 metastatic lymph nodes, 1 of which with capsular invasion. Upon complete recovery the patient, underwent adjuvant post-operative radiotherapy. Six months later she is still alive with no clinical or radiological signs of disease. A careful review of the literature produced very few reports of such cases, only 6 of which in the last 30 years. Survival rate is very low, even if feasible average can be advanced, in view of the paucity of the case reports. Histological diagnosis is not always straightforward, as this neoplasm may be misdiagnosed as other vascular tumours (Kaposi's sarcoma, haemangiopericytoma), as non-neoplastic lesions (granulomas secondary to intubation) and as poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical evaluation by means of markers, such as vimentin and factor VIII, offers a significant contribution to the diagnosis of angiosarcoma. The treatment of choice for laryngeal angiosarcoma is surgical excision, ample and radical, whenever possible, followed by adjuvant post-operative radiotherapy.
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PMID:Angiosarcoma of the larynx. Case report and review of the literature. 1467 13

A case of malignant esophageal schwannoma is reported. A 54-year-old man consulted for a 1-year history of dysphagia. Investigations revealed a tumor of the distal esophagus, with involvement of the cardia, and were suspicious for metastatic mediastinal nodes. Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy with gastric-tube reconstruction was performed, with favorable outcome. Histological examination revealed esophageal sarcoma in a Barrett's esophagus. Periesophageal nodes had metastatic involvement. Immunohistochemical study was positive for S100 and vimentin and was negative for CD117, compatible with a diagnosis of esophageal schwannoma. We discuss this rare disease and its characteristics. This is the second reported case of malignant schwannoma with lymph node metastasis.
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PMID:[Malignant nerve sheath tumor of the esophagus (malignant esophageal schwannoma)]. 1538 51

We describe the case of a 44-yr-old woman, who 2 yr after thyroidectomy for a multinodular goiter with a follicular adenoma showed a rapidly growing mass of the neck causing dysphagia and moderate pain. Fine needle aspiration biopsy revealed the presence of fibroblast-like cells, partially with atypical features and no colloid: the cytological diagnosis was suspicious for an indeterminate (mesenchymal) neoplasm. Histological diagnosis, after extensive surgery, indicated aggressive fibromatosis. Immunohistochemistry was positive for vimentin and negative for thyroglobulin. After surgery, nuclear magnetic resonance showed a persistent mass of approximately 2 cm; dysphagia and pain persisted. Therefore, the patient received external radiation therapy (total dose 60 Gy) with clinical benefit. The patient is without symptoms 1 yr after surgery.
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PMID:Aggressive fibromatosis of the neck initiated after thyroidectomy. 1655 38

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors GISTs are cellular spindle, or epithelioid tumors that occur in the stomach, intestine, and rarely in the esophagus. A 61-year-old man was complaining of resistant dry cough with dysphagia for one month duration. Upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopic examination showed a polypoid mass 30 cm from the incisors obstructing 50% of the lumen, where multiple biopsies were taken. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI showed a mass in the wall of the esophagus extending into the thoracic cavity. Histologically, the stained sections with the routine hematoxylin and eosin as well as the immunohistochemical stains for CD117, CD34, S100, vimentin, and smooth muscle actin confirmed the diagnosis of esophageal GIST. The patient was treated with imatinib, 400 mg/day. There was a dramatic reduction in the size of the tumor with successful improvement of his symptoms after 2 months of treatment, which was confirmed by repeated upper GIT endoscopy, and MRI.
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PMID:Could imatinib replace surgery in esophageal gastrointestinal stromal tumor. 1688 60

Primary melanoma of the esophagus (PME) is an uncommon malignancy with less than 250 cases reported in the literature. Amelanotic PME is exceedingly rare and accounts for 10-25% of melanomas of the esophagus. A 59-year-old male with a history of mild dysphagia, heartburn, moderate anorexia and weight loss for 1 month is described. Barium swallow examination and videogastroscopy showed a polypoid, ulcerated mass located 30-38 cm from the incisors. No skin or eye melanoma lesions were found. Five biopsy samples were obtained. Histological examinations revealed proliferation of large, loosely cohesive cells of variable shapes and prominent central nucleoli in the deep mucosa. Immunohistochemical findings included positive vimentin, protein S-100, Melan A, and HMB-45, and negative AE1/AE3, CD 17, and desmin. A total transhiatal esophagectomy with high cervical esophagogastric anastomosis was performed. Peritumoral lymph nodes revealed malignant invasion. A diagnosis of primary amelanotic melanoma of the esophagus was made. Fourteen months after diagnosis the patient developed disseminated PME.
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PMID:Primary amelanotic melanoma of the esophagus. 1704 Apr 43


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