Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Endoscopic esophageal variceal sclerotherapy was performed in 301 patients with portal hypertension (emergency, 72 and elective, 229) using 3% aqueous phenol as sclerosant. The cause of portal hypertension was cirrhosis of the liver in 189 patients (Child's class A-48, B-66, and C-75), extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) in 90, and non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis in 22 patients. In the emergency group, active bleeding was controlled in 87% of cases. Re-bleeding occurred in 101 of 290 (35%) surviving patients. Obliteration of varices was achieved in 228 (84%) patients, with a mean of 5.14 +/- 2.27 sclerotherapy sessions. Of 301 patients, 29 (9.6%) had an early in-hospital mortality (30.5% in emergency and 3% in elective group), with 16 deaths due to variceal bleeding. Of the remaining 272 patients, 40 (15%) died during follow-up, of which only 11 died of variceal bleeding. Complications, such as superficial ulcers, dysphagia, and strictures, were observed in 14%, 7% of emergency, and 3% of elective patients. None of the patients developed systemic toxicity. In conclusion, 3% aqueous phenol is an effective, safe, and economical sclerosant for esophageal variceal sclerotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Endoscopic esophageal variceal sclerotherapy using 3% aqueous phenol. 156 12

Most children with paediatric neurotransmitter diseases have global functional deficits secondary to central nervous system damage. Paediatric physiatrists, working in conjunction with a multi-disciplinary team, help to improve physical function by normalizing muscle tone and improving body position. Components of spasticity, rigidity, and dystonia may all need to be considered in a comprehensive treatment programme. Complications of disordered tone include skin breakdown, pain, sleep disturbance, and dysphagia. With an integrated approach to use of medications and equipment as well as implementation of therapy and therapeutic exercise, physiatrists can help maximize functional independence for children with this group of disorders. Pharmacological treatment includes GABA-agonists including baclofen and benzodiazepines, alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, L: -dopa and dopaminergic agents, and dantrolene. Intrathecal baclofen may be used in patients refractory to these medications. In addition, physicians may utilize botulinum toxin, phenol, or surgical interventions such as selective dorsal rhizotomy or tendon lengthening. Pharmacological treatment must be used in conjunction with appropriate adaptive equipment in order to maximize therapeutic benefit. Focus on function in an attempt to increase independence is targeted to improve the child's quality of life. We present a framework and rationale to the management of the functional consequences of the paediatric neurotransmitter diseases.
 ...
PMID:Increasing physical function through physiatric intervention for children with paediatric neurotransmitter disorders. 1944 66