Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lansoprazole suspension and lansoprazole capsules were studied. Thirty-six healthy males and females were randomized in a single-dose, open-label, two-period crossover study. Lansoprazole 30 mg was administered via a nasogastric tube as simplified lansoprazole suspension (in 8.4% sodium bicarbonate) or orally as the intact capsule after a minimum 12-hour fast and 5 hours before lunch. Ambulatory 24-hour intragastric pH was monitored at baseline and on day 1 of each treatment period to assess lansoprazole's pharmacodynamics. Blood samples were collected before drug administration and at predetermined intervals up to 24 hours after each dose to assess lansoprazole's pharmacokinetics. Both formulations effectively raised the mean 24-hour intragastric pH (mean 24-hour pH of 3.75 with suspension and 3.52 with intact capsule) and maintained it above threshold values of 3 and 4 for more than 40% of the 24-hour postdose period. The suspension was associated with a significantly shorter mean time to the maximum observed concentration (tmax) compared with the intact capsule. The mean maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) of the suspension was significantly higher and the mean area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC infinity) was significantly lower than those of the intact capsule (879 versus 810 ng/mL and 1825 versus 2229 ng.hr/mL). The 90% confidence intervals obtained by two one-sided tests for both Cmax and AUC infinity were contained within the 0.80 to 1.25 range, confirming the bioequivalence of the two regimens. Simplified lansoprazole suspension effectively controls intragastric pH, is bioequivalent to the intact capsule, and represents an effective therapeutic option for patients who have difficulty swallowing or are unable to swallow lansoprazole capsules.
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PMID:Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lansoprazole oral capsules and suspension in healthy subjects. 1151 48

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is among the most common disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, with symptoms affecting a substantial proportion of the US population on a daily basis. Heartburn and related symptoms arise from a number of pathophysiologic mechanisms, including dilated intercellular spaces, increased duration of acid reflux, greater proximal extent of reflux, and esophageal sensitivity. Chronic reflux may result in serious complications, such as esophageal erosions or ulceration, stricture, and Barrett esophagus. The goals of GERD therapy are to relieve patients' symptoms and prevent complications. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) represent the most effective treatment option for GERD, relieving symptoms, healing erosions, and maintaining a healed mucosa. Differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics among the PPIs may result in differences in intragastric pH holding time as well as the onset of symptom relief. Lansoprazole and esomeprazole produce similar degrees and onset of symptom relief, with both providing greater symptom relief as compared with omeprazole. Although manufactured as capsules containing enteric-coated granules, lansoprazole, omeprazole, and esomeprazole maintain their high level of pharmacologic efficacy when the capsule contents are emptied into soft foods or various liquids. Lansoprazole and pantoprazole also are manufactured as intravenous formulations, and lansoprazole is available as strawberry-flavored granules for oral suspension and as an orally disintegrating tablet. These alternative routes of administration are particularly beneficial in the management of acid-related disorders in infants, children, the elderly, and patients of all ages who have difficulty swallowing or are unable to swallow intact capsules or tablets and those in the critical care setting.
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PMID:Therapeutic choices in reflux disease: defining the criteria for selecting a proton pump inhibitor. 1547 48

Lansoprazole is an H+, K+-adenosine triphosphatase proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used for management of acid-related disorders. Lansoprazole has been reformulated as an oro-dispersible tablet (LODT) that quickly dissolves in the mouth without water. In healthy adults the safety and bioavailability of LODT 15-30 mg, taken without water or dispersed in water, were found to be comparable with those of lansoprazole 15-30 mg capsules. Moreover, the bioavailability of LODT administered without water has been found to be similar to that of water-dispersed LODT given via a nasogastric tube. In a clinical study, the vast majority of patients found the mouth feel of LODT acceptable and almost all found it easy to take. A comparison of LODT with esomeprazole in a small group of patients with non-erosive reflux disease showed similar decreases in symptoms from baseline and no significant difference between groups. In conclusion, LODT is effective, bioequivalent to the capsule formulation and acceptable to patients. LODT offers an alternative dose administration method to all patients requiring a PPI, especially those who have difficulty swallowing, and may increase patient convenience and compliance.
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PMID:Lansoprazole oro-dispersible tablet : pharmacokinetics and therapeutic use in acid-related disorders. 1597 71

A large number of oral drugs have been reported to cause pillinduced esophagitis in the medical literature. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in which telithromycin was the cause of pill-induced esophagitis. In this report, we describe a male patient who admitted to the hospital with dysphagia and retrosternal pain after taking telithromycin (Ketek for acute sinusitis. He had a history of swallowing the film tablet with at least a glass of water and lying down immediately after taking the drug. An upper endoscopic examination demonstrated a deep ulceration of 1 cm diameter in the middle of the esophagus surrounded by relatively normal mucosa. Lansoprazole 30 mg was started. His symptoms improved seven days after cessation of the drug. The esophagus was completely normal in control endoscopy after two weeks. Telithromycin may cause esophageal lesions; therefore, patients should be educated by physicians about the drug's side effects and should drink at least 100 ml water after swallowing the medication. Drug administration should be in the upright position.
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PMID:Pill esophagitis caused by telithromycin: a case report. 1683 Feb 93