Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with anorexia nervosa developed a fatal cardiomyopathy due to ipecac intoxication. Prodromal signs and symptoms included generalized muscle weakness, dysphagia, and severe palpitations. Autopsy revealed pathological changes in the heart and skeletal muscles.
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PMID:Death from ipecac intoxication in a patient with anorexia nervosa. 614 8

An Italian male aged 50 years with oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy is reported. Eleven of his relatives, over a period of three generations, had ptosis, dysphagia, nasal voice and difficulty in walking. The distribution of muscle weakness in the propositus and in one of his sisters was proximal in the upper, but distal in the lower limbs, confirming the existence of a relationship between oculopharyngeal dystrophy and distal myopathy. The first muscle biopsy appeared normal except for some round-cell collections, whereas the second one, 5 years later, showed marked dystrophic changes. Some patients with oculopharyngeal dystrophy may apparently pass through a secondary muscular inflammatory stage.
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PMID:Familial oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy with distal spread. 619 73

This paper reports the findings in a 32-year-old man who presented in adult life with a myasthenic syndrome characterized by dysphagia, dysphonia, fluctuating ptosis, episodic diplopia and a variable weakness of the limbs and trunk. Electromyography showed a small decremental response, increased neuromuscular jitter and blocking of some components. Histochemical and electron microscopic studies revealed changes in end-plate morphology and prominent tubular aggregations within the muscle fibres. Radiochemical investigations using di-iodinated 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin demonstrated a reduction in the number of AChR and alterations in receptor affinity which suggested an abnormality of the AChR macromolecule.
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PMID:Alterations in the number and affinity of junctional acetylcholine receptors in a myopathy with tubular aggregates. A newly recognized receptor defect. 626 5

Using noninvasive real-time ultrasound, tongue movement was visualized during single swallowing in eight normal subjects and one neurologically impaired patient with dysphagia and chronic aspiration. In normals, a clearly defined muscular wave of the tongue, traveling at approximately 15 cm/sec, carried a 5-cc test water bolus posteriorly. In the patient who had 12th cranial nerve weakness, there was complete absence of normal tongue activity and no midtongue bolus formation or transmission.
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PMID:Real-time ultrasound visualization of tongue movement during swallowing. 641 84

A 69-year old woman suffered from severe dysphagia, abdominal pain, and weight loss. The dysphagia was accompanied by nasal speech, nasal regurgitation of food, weakness, and wasting of the proximal muscles of the upper and lower girdles. Laboratory data revealed T3 sephadex uptake 65.2%; T4 15.1 mcg%; and T3 250 ng%. Treatment with antithyroid medication reversed the manifestation of all the symptoms, including dysphagia. Cine-studies revealed esophageal motor dysfunction as the cause of the dysphagia. Hyperthyroidism is a rare, but treatable cause of unexplained dysphagia.
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PMID:Dysphagia as a primary manifestation of hyperthyroidism. 650 30

A family is presented in which 12 members over 3 generations have been affected by oculopharyngeal dystrophy. The clinical features of 7 affected members are described. All developed ptosis in middle age and dysphagia later in the clinical course. Four had mild bilateral facial weakness and mild proximal weakness. Extra-ocular movements were normal in all. A deltoid muscle biopsy from a 71-year-old affected male showed nonspecific myopathic features (random variation in muscle fibre size and atrophy of type 2A and 2B fibres). The skeletal muscles and striated musculature of the pharynx and upper oesophagus of a 75-year-old affected female examined at postmortem showed histological myopathic changes (loss of muscle fibres, variation in size of fibres with scattered small angular and rounded 'giant' muscle fibres, proliferation and central migration of sarcolemmal nuclei, increase in fat and fibrous tissue and occasional fibres undergoing segmental degeneration). This appearance was consistent with a muscular dystrophy of chronic type. Detailed neuropathological examination of the brain stem nuclei was normal. The spinal cord showed an unusual hydromyelia affecting C7 to T4 segments.
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PMID:Oculopharyngeal dystrophy: clinicopathological study of an Australian family. 656 18

Charts of 28 hyperthyroid patients over 60 years old were retrospectively analyzed and compared with charts of 14 patients under 30 years old. The mean duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 16 months in the elderly and five months in the younger group. Heart rate was substantially lower in the older (107 beats/min) vs younger (117 beats/min) study group. The symptom of weakness or fatigue was more prevalent in the elderly group (94 percent) than in the younger group (57 percent). Cardiac palpitation was more prevalent in the elderly patients whereas insomnia, irritability, dysphagia, hyperphagia, and heat intolerance were more prevalent in the younger patients. Fifty percent of the elderly patients complained of chest pain. Cachexia (62 percent), thin, fine hair (50 percent), and weakness (58 percent) were prominent physical findings in the elderly group. Twenty-six percent of the elderly patients had atrial fibrillation. These findings confirm previous studies that show some differences in presentation of hyperthyroidism in elderly patients when compared with younger patients. The authors recommend that thyroid function tests be obtained for broad indications in the elderly.
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PMID:Thyrotoxicosis in the elderly. 664 37

Two patients, one with ataxia, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, and bilateral Babinski's signs, the other with dysarthria, dysphagia, muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, and hyperreflexia, had elevated serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, establishing the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Removal of a parathyroid adenoma in one patient and three hyperplastic parathyroid glands in the other resulted in remission of the hyperparathyroidism but left both patients with residual neurological damage. Postmortem examination of the second patient showed typical features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The findings in these patients show that hyperparathyroidism may be associated with signs of severe central nervous system disease and that patients with unexplained neurological signs or symptoms should be checked for hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Severe neurological disease associated with hyperparathyroidism. 673 92

Thirteen reports of patients who developed polymyositis or dermatomyositis during treatment with D-penicillamine are reviewed and a fourteenth case is described. Twelve of the fourteen patients recovered after D-penicillamine was withdrawn; two patients died from cardiac involvement. Proximal muscle weakness was present in 13 patients and dermatomyositis in 4 patients. Dysphagia was the presenting symptom in 6 patients. Although D-penicillamine is useful in the management of rheumatoid arthritis, this drug should be used with caution and patients monitored closely for evidence of polymyositis or dermatomyositis.
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PMID:Fatal polymyositis in D-penicillamine-treated rheumatoid arthritis. 683 75

Thyrotoxicosis may manifest with dysphagia. The case of an elderly male with dysphagia as the initial symptom is discussed. It is suggested that thyrotoxicosis is included in the differential diagnosis of dysphagia in the elderly, particularly if muscle weakness is also present.
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PMID:Thyrotoxicosis presenting as dysphagia. A case report. 706 41


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