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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since December 1984 303 patients have undergone examination in our Multidisciplinary Consultation Service for Swallowing Disorders; 117 of them were suffering from typical globus symptoms. We were able to increase the yield of detection of organic lesions by use of the technique of 35 mm film cineradiography with a rate of 50 frames/s. Frame-by-frame analysis and computer-assisted evaluation showed that 80% of the patients with globus symptoms suffered from one or more underlying organic diseases, which could often be treated later with success. We found an increased incidence of early hypopharyngeal diverticula, webs, and motility disorders of the upper esophageal sphincter often associated with gastro-esophageal reflux or weakness of the pharyngeal wall. Cineradiography proved to be a very important tool in the analysis of the pharyngeal swallow in globus pharyngis.
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PMID:[Detection of a higher incidence of pathologic somatic findings in globus sensation by use of high frequency cinematography]. 362 20

We report the clinical features and prognosis in nine patients with angiographically documented basilar artery stenosis of the middle and distal segments. Six patients had transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), and in two this was their only clinical manifestation. The TIAs in four patients included two or more of the following symptoms: dizziness, diplopia, perioral numbness, dysphagia, weakness, or loss of consciousness. Two other patients had isolated symptoms of transient dizziness and unilateral weakness. Seven patients had posterior circulation strokes, preceded by TIAs in four. Basilar artery occlusive disease can affect any segment of the artery. The short-term prognosis of middle and distal basilar artery stenosis was good especially when patients were treated with warfarin or platelet antiaggregants.
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PMID:Basilar artery stenosis: middle and distal segments. 367 Jun 12

Bilateral facial weakness, diminished hearing and dysphagia developed in a patient with a large overdose of ethylene glycol. Our case and two others previously reported draw attention to the fact that cranial nerve dysfunction, especially bilateral facial palsy, may occur in addition to encephalopathy, coma and renal failure with ethylene glycol ingestion.
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PMID:Bilateral facial paralysis following ethylene glycol ingestion. 377 35

Dermatomyositis and polymyositis are rare disorders of connective tissue that manifest themselves primarily as muscular weakness. Fifty-five percent of 45 patients with this diagnosis at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital had symptoms referable to the head and neck. While dysphagia and the cutaneous manifestation predominate, such symptoms as facial swelling and oral mucosal disorders may require the treating physician to seek the advice of an otolaryngologist before the patient suffers any muscular changes. A thorough knowledge of this disease entity is essential to specialists in head and neck diseases.
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PMID:Head and neck manifestations of dermatomyositis-polymyositis. 393 39

A case of sarcosporidiosis in a 29 year-old woman is presented. The clinical picture showed a definitive myopathic pattern with symmetrical proximal weakness of shoulder and pelvic girdle and also weakness on neck flexors; the facial muscles were intact and she denied dysphagia. The histological findings after a muscle biopsy obtained from left deltoid muscle showed many round cysts within the muscle fibres without any surrounding inflammatory reaction. The cysts diameters varied from 30 to 500 micra and the length from 300 micra to 3 millimeter (Miescher's tube). The radially striated membrane could be seen in some cysts but there was some doubt because it could represent the remaining of the peripheral muscle fibre. We could not find spores inside the cysts. Besides the largest cysts there were muscle fibre hypertrophy. The authors concluded on the diagnosis of sarcosporidiosis because of the presence, diameter and length of cysts; some remarks are made on the only other parasite that could be confused with Sarcocystis sp: Toxoplasma gondii.
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PMID:[Muscular sarcosporidiosis: report of a case]. 393 12

Gastric and esophageal emptying were assessed using scintigraphic techniques in 13 patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis and in 13 normal volunteers. Esophageal emptying was significantly delayed in patients, with 8 of 13 patients being outside the normal range. Gastric emptying was also markedly slower in patients than in controls, with 8 patients being outside the normal range for solid emptying and 8 patients beyond the normal range for liquid emptying. The 5 patients with dysphagia all had delayed esophageal emptying, but both gastric and esophageal emptying were delayed in some asymptomatic patients. There was a significant correlation between esophageal emptying and both solid and liquid gastric emptying in the patients. Both gastric and esophageal emptying correlated with the severity of the peripheral (skeletal) muscle weakness. These results indicate that profoundly delayed gastric and esophageal emptying are common in polymyositis and dermatomyositis, implying frequent malfunction of the smooth muscle of the upper gastrointestinal tract in this disease.
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PMID:Abnormalities of gastric and esophageal emptying in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. 394 Sep 16

An effort was made to identify all patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) admitted to hospitals in Israel from 1956-1976. The diagnosis of PM/DM was retrospectively reviewed in 92 (46 definite, 26 probable, and 20 possible) cases. The most common complaints and physical findings in the course of the disease were muscle weakness (86 patients), rash (53 patients), arthritis or arthralgia (39 patients), and dysphagia (35 patients). Elevated serum aldolase levels were found in 64% of the patients for whom data were available; 92% had abnormal electromyogram results, and 60.9% had muscle histopathology consistent with PM/DM. Malignancy was diagnosed in 13 patients. Malignancy, ischemic heart disease, and pulmonary complications were the most common causes of death. The actuarial survival curve was heterogeneous, with an accelerated mortality during the first year after diagnosis and a slower mortality during the following 7 years. Independent unfavorable prognostic signs were: failure to induce remission, leukocytosis, fever, older age, a shorter disease history, and dysphagia.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in polymyositis/dermatomyositis. A computer-assisted analysis of ninety-two cases. 397 73

Three patients exhibited an unusual variant of chronic relapsing polyneuritis in which extraocular muscle palsies developed 19 days, 20 days, and 3 1/2 months, respectively, before the neuropathy affected the limbs. The peripheral neuropathy evolved over 7 to 12 weeks, lasted 15 months to 13 years, and relapsed in every case. Each patient had dysphagia, areflexia, sensory loss, and weakness of all four limbs, which in two was asymmetrical. Slowed motor nerve conduction and prolonged F wave latencies were present, and the cerebrospinal fluid protein level was elevated without increased cell count. No patient recovered fully despite treatment with immunosuppressant drugs.
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PMID:Ocular palsy preceding chronic relapsing polyneuropathy by several weeks. 398 86

Three adults, 2 of whom had polymyositis and 1 with dermatomyositis, developed dysphagia during the course of their illness. Results of esophageal manometry supplemented with esophageal radiography indicated the presence of cricopharyngeal achalasia. Because of the severity of this disorder, which is associated with aspiration of esophageal contents into the airways, surgery to divide the cricopharyngeal musculature was performed in 2 patients, giving complete relief of their symptoms. Prednisone dosage was not increased to treat this condition since it arose not from weakness but from obstruction. A biopsy specimen taken from 1 patient demonstrated inflammatory changes in the obstructing muscle. A review of these 3 patients and 3 previously reported cases indicates that cricopharyngeal obstruction can be a dominant cause of dysphagia in patients with myositis. The recognition of this entity is important in the management of patients with myositis because: it has serious and potentially life-threatening implications; and in certain cases, it can be effectively treated with surgery.
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PMID:Cricopharyngeal obstruction in inflammatory myopathy (polymyositis/dermatomyositis). Report of three cases and review of the literature. 400 73

Dysphagia is an uncommon feature of thyrotoxic myopathy, and is usually associated with other signs of bulbar weakness, such as dysarthria and nasal regurgitation. We report a case of thyrotoxicosis presenting with dysphagia due to diminished oesophageal motility associated with significant hypercalcaemia; both abnormalities resolved rapidly following treatment.
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PMID:Disordered oesophageal motility in thyrotoxic myopathy. 402 94


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