Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A post mortem material of 11 consecutive cases of severe atlanto-axial dislocation (a.a.d.) with cord compression is reported. The total number of deaths from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during the period of 5 years was 104, and all were autopsied. Neurological symptoms correlated poorly to fatal a.a.d. Hemiplegia was found in three cases, one of which, however, was caused by thrombosis cerebri. Spastic signs were transiently recorded in two patients and dysphagia in a further two. Five patients had a history of recent vomiting. A.a.d. was the sole or main cause of death in 8 cases and contributory in 2. Sudden death occurred in 7 of the cases. Only 2 cases had obtained a correct diagnosis intra vitam. The CNS findings at autopsy consisted of cord compression (11/11 cases), cord malacia (2/11) and cerebral oedema (3/11). One case had polyarteritis and renal amyloidosis and one pulmonary carcinoma with metastatic spread. Signs of active inflammation in the axial joints were present in 4 cases. This study, based on systematic post mortem examinations, revealed an unexpectedly high and not previously reported incidence of fatal medulla compression in RA patients with a.a.d. (10%).
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PMID:Sudden death in rheumatoid arthritis with atlanto-axial dislocation. 121 Dec 12

Esophageal motility disorders often manifest with chest pain and dysphagia. Achalasia is a disorder of the lower esophageal sphincter and the smooth musculature of the esophageal body. In achalasia the lower esophageal sphincter typically fails to relax with swallowing, and the esophageal body fails to undergo peristalsis. In contrast to spastic disorders of the esophagus, achalasia can be progressive and cause pronounced morbidity. Pseudoachalasia mimics achalasia in terms of symptoms but can be caused by infectious disorders or malignancy. Treatment for achalasia is nonstandardized and includes medical, endoscopic, and surgical options. Spastic disorders of the esophagus, such as diffuse esophageal spasm and nutcracker esophagus, and nonspecific esophageal motility disorder are benign and nonprogressive, with similar findings on esophageal manometry. Although the exact cause remains unknown, these disorders may represent a manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Treatment of spastic disorders includes medical and surgical approaches and is aimed at symptomatic relief.
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PMID:Primary esophageal motility disorders. 1149 31