Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is the term used for the new late manifestations that occur in patients 30 to 40 years after the occurrence of acute poliomyelitis. PPS has been recognized for over 100 years, but is more common at the present time because of the large epidemics of poliomyelitis in the 1940s and 1950s. PPS is manifested by neurologic, musculoskeletal, and general manifestations. Neurologic manifestations include new weakness, muscle atrophy, dysphagia, dysphonia, and respiratory failure. Musculoskeletal manifestations include muscle pain, joint pain, spinal spondylosis and scoliosis, and secondary root and peripheral nerve compression. General manifestations include generalized fatigue and cold intolerance. New muscle weakness of a mild-to-moderate degree responds well to a nonfatiguing exercise program and pacing of activity with rest periods to avoid muscle overuse. Generalized fatigue may be treated with energy conservation and weight loss programs and lower extremity orthoses. Pharmacologic agents also may be helpful, but have not been beneficial in controlled trials. Bulbar muscle weakness includes dysphagia, dysphonia, sleep disorders, and chronic respiratory failure. Dysphagia may be improved with instruction on compensatory swallowing techniques. Dysphonia is treated with voice exercise therapy and voice amplification devices. Sleep disorders are treated similarly to sleep disorders in non-PPS patients. Respiratory failure may be treated with continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel positive airway pressure, and nasal ventilation, or tracheotomy and permanent ventilation if necessary. Musculoskeletal (muscle and joint) pain is treated with weight loss, pacing of activities, use of assistive devices, and prescribing anti-inflammatory medications and physical therapy techniques. Cardiopulmonary conditioning can be improved without muscle overuse with cycle or arm ergometer exercise or dynamic aquatic exercise.
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PMID:Post-Polio Syndrome. 1475 41

Purpose The aim of this study was to implement a novel reinforcement strategy into traditional dysphagia therapy with a school-age child diagnosed with a rare genetic syndrome, anxiety, and a hypersensitive gag reflex response. This clinical focus article evaluated the impact of a computer-based straw-drinking game on total liquid volume intake and the relationship between motivation and its role in feeding therapy. Method A longitudinal pilot study was used and required the development and implementation of a computer-based straw-drinking game as a novel reinforcement strategy. The gaming system was implemented to supplement ongoing dysphagia treatment in a single-subject case study design utilizing a client with pediatric dysphagia. Results The participant exhibited a trend of increased endurance during therapy sessions, allowing for increased volume per sip, increased trials per session, and decreased time between sequential trials. Average daily volume of oral intake remained less than 30 ml. Conclusions The gaming system maximized opportunities for orosensory desensitization of tactile input, resulting in increased comfort and endurance during therapy sessions, leading to more opportunities to practice the swallow. A novelty effect was observed as motivation and interest in the gaming system appeared greatest at the onset of the study. Generalized fatigue and anxiety continue to serve as barriers to more significant progress.
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PMID:The Impact of a Novel Gaming Reinforcement System on Oral Intake Outcomes in Pediatric Feeding Therapy: A Single Case Study. 3113 37