Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical and post mortem features of 11 cases of lymphosarcoma involving the thoracic cavity are reviewed. The clinical findings included inappetence, weight loss, pectoral oedema, dyspnoea, pleural effusion and distension of the jugular veins. Dysphagia was present in three cases. At post mortem examination lesions were found in the abdomen as well as the chest in eight cases; clinical signs of abdominal disease were present in two cases. The features of nine other similar cases recorded in the literature are reviewed.
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PMID:Clinicopathological features of lymphosarcoma involving the thoracic cavity in the horse. 384 Oct 57

Primary tumors of the esophagus are extremely rare in children. A common periesophageal mass in children is duplication. It constitutes only 0.5 to 2.5% of all esophageal lesions usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood. Duplication of the esophagus may be diagnosed on examination by the emergency department (ED) physician when it produces symptoms or when it is inadvertently found on a chest radiograph. The duplication may produce acute gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and dysphagia or respiratory symptoms such as cough, wheezing, or dyspnea. Currently the examination of choice for evaluation of esophageal duplication is a barium swallow. However, computed tomography (CT) has the advantage over conventional diagnostic procedures, since it demonstrates the cystic nature of the mass and its relationship to adjacent structures in a noninvasive manner. An esophageal duplication has a well-marginated spherical mass contiguous with the esophagus, with preserved surrounding fat planes, and numbers of 15 to 30 Hausenfield units (HU) on CT. We are reporting three cases of this anomaly as demonstrated by CT.
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PMID:Esophageal duplication in children: a report of three cases evaluated by computed tomography. 384 40

Benign neoplasms of the esophagus are rare. The most frequent symptom (75% of the cases) is dysphagia, and a very rare one is dyspnea. When a benign tumor of the esophagus is suspected, a radiological examination is made and the diagnosis confirmed by fibro-esophagoscopy and biopsy. The authors make a summarized review of the benign tumors of the esophagus, and describe a case of esophageal leiomyoma.
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PMID:[Benign tumors of the esophagus. Esophageal leiomyoma]. 384 63

The literature on substernal goiter from the seventeenth century to the present is reviewed. Substernal goiter may be defined as any thyroid enlargement that has its greater mass inferior to the thoracic inlet. Truly ectopic mediastinal goiters are rare, and most substernal goiters arise from and maintain some attachment to the cervical thyroid gland. Patients are generally in the fifth decade of life, and women predominate. Most patients experience dyspnea, stridor, or dysphagia, but 15 to 50% are asymptomatic; symptoms are often positional, and acute stridor may occur. Ten to twenty percent have no cervical mass or tracheal deviation on examination, and virtually all patients are euthyroid. Standard chest roentgenograms are often diagnostic, but computed tomographic or radioactive iodine scans may be helpful. The presence of a substernal goiter in all but the highest-risk patients is an indication for resection, usually through a cervical collar incision; an occasional patient will require sternotomy or thoracotomy. Death or major complications should be rare postoperatively. Substernal goiters are adenomatous and benign, but carcinoma occurs in 2 to 3% and may be occult. Patients should be followed closely, as these goiters may recur.
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PMID:Substernal goiter. 388 87

Eighty patients at the Massachusetts General Hospital underwent resection of substernal goiter in the years 1976 to 1982. Mean age of the 50 women and 30 men was 56 years, and 10 (19 percent) had undergone prior thyroid surgery. The most common symptoms were cervical mass (69 percent), dysphagia (33 percent), and dyspnea (28 percent); 13 percent were asymptomatic. On examination, cervical mass was present in most (90 percent) but not all patients, 51 percent were obese, and more than one third had tracheal deviation. Fifty-one of 52 patients tested were euthyroid and one was mildly hypothyroid. Chest radiographs showed tracheal deviation in 79 percent and soft tissue mass in 56 percent. Seventy-eight patients underwent resection through a cervical collar incision only; one had cervical incision plus upper partial sternotomy; and one required cervical incision plus full median sternotomy. Pathologic examination revealed multinodular goiter in 41 (51 percent), follicular adenoma in 35 (44 percent), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis in 4 (5 percent). Mean goiter weight was 104 g, and the mean greatest dimension was 9 cm. Occult papillary carcinoma was found in two patients. There were no deaths or major complications. Analysis of our data indicate the following: (1) Substernal goiter may exist in the absence of symptoms or signs. (2) Extensive radiologic evaluation and thyroid function testing are rarely required. (3) With rare exceptions, substernal goiter represents an extension of a cervical growth through the thoracic inlet and can be approached through a cervical collar incision. (4) Histologically, these are multinodular goiters or follicular adenomas, although Hashimoto's thyroiditis may occur. (5) Given the small but present risks of acute stridor or occult malignancy and the negligible surgical risk, operation should be recommended. (6) Patients should be followed since, with or without levothyroxine, goiters may recur.
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PMID:Substernal goiter. Analysis of 80 patients from Massachusetts General Hospital. 397 Mar 28

The larynx may be involved in patients with systemic sarcoidosis or may be the first or only manifestation of the disease. The symptoms depend on the degree of involvement of the larynx, and include a sensation of lump in the throat, dysphagia, hoarseness, cough, stridor and dyspnea. The supraglottis is the most frequently affected area. There are pale pink, edematous, diffuse hypertrophy of the supraglottic structures or granular areas of the glottic and subglottic region. The diagnosis is made by the characteristic appearance of the larynx, histologic and laboratory findings and exclusion of other granulomatous diseases. Laryngeal sarcoidosis may cause life-threatening upper airway obstruction. Systemic corticosteroid therapy is the treatment of choice in most cases, but surgical excision or local steroid injections are useful in selected cases.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of laryngeal sarcoidosis]. 399 72

A 5-month-old infant presented with severe dyspnea and dysphagia resulting from a right-sided cervical mass. At 5 months of age, a large aberrant thymus was excised, resulting in the disappearance of all symptoms. Pathological examination showed normal thymus tissue. Since the preoperative chest X-ray film showed a normal thymic shadow and the T-lymphocyte functions were normal, we conclude that this was not an ectopic gland but an undescended thymic implant.
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PMID:Severe dyspnea and dysphagia resulting from an aberrant cervical thymus. 401 8

Five horses with retropharyngeal (RP) infections had clinical signs of dysphagia and/or dyspnea. Diagnosis was confirmed, using pharyngeal endoscopy and lateral radiography of the pharynx. One horse responded to surgical drainage of a RP abscess and was sound at light work. One horse responded to medical management after the site of infection was surgically explored. Two horses recovered after medical management; the RP abscess of 1 of these 2 horses ruptured spontaneously into the pharynx and the other horse became racing sound. The fifth horse remained dysphagic and had left laryngeal hemiplegia after medical treatment.
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PMID:Retropharyngeal infections in five horses. 408 67

Ten case histories of patients with symptomatic aberrant retro-esophageal subclavian artery are presented. The diagnosis was made on a clinical basis in 8 cases because of symptoms of tracheo-esophageal obstruction, and confirmed by barium meal. All patients were investigated by angiography. Six patients with right abnormal retro-esophageal subclavian artery (arteria lusoria) and its mirror image were treated by transection of the aberrant subclavian artery and reimplantation into the common carotid artery through a single midline sternal splitting incision which gave ample access. Three patients with left abnormal subclavian artery (right aortic arch) were operated by transection of the patent ductus arteriosus or ligamentum arteriosum through a left lateral thoracotomy. After a follow-up of from one to 10 years (mean 6.4 years), 9 patients are free of symptoms like dysphagia, dyspnea or subclavian steal and normal pulses are present on both upper extremities in 8 cases.
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PMID:Symptomatic aberrant retro-esophageal subclavian artery: considerations about the surgical approach, management and results. 608 21

The results of radiation therapy in the management of 27 patients with malignant mesothelioma were reviewed. Eight patients were treated with a curative intent combining attempted surgical excision of tumor (thoracic in 6 and peritoneal in 2), aggressive radiation therapy, and combination chemotherapy using an adriamycin-containing regimen. One patient achieved a 2-year disease-free interval followed by recurrence of tumor above the thoracic irradiation field. This patient was retreated with localized irradiation and is disease-free after 5 years of initial diagnosis. One patient has persistent abdominal disease at 18 months; the other 6 patients suffered local recurrence within 8-13 months of initiation of treatment. Radiation therapy was used in 19 other patients who received 29 courses for palliation of dyspnea, superior vena cava syndrome, dysphagia, or neurological symptoms of brain metastasis. A palliation index was used to determine the effectiveness of irradiation and revealed that relief of symptoms was complete or substantial in 5 treatment courses, moderately effective in 6 courses and inadequate in 18 treatment courses. Adequate palliation strongly correlated with a dose at or above 4,000 rad in 4 weeks. The management of patients with mesothelioma requires new and innovative approaches to increase the effectiveness of radiation therapy and minimize the significant potential combined toxicity of pulmonary irradiation and adriamycin.
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PMID:Radiation therapy in the management of patients with mesothelioma. 617 94


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