Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the illness of a 32-year-old male with the syndrome of multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b, which comprises medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, phaeochromocytoma, oral mucosal neuromas and skeletal deformity. The patient also had evidence of ganglioneuromatosis of the alimentary tract, a finding which is held to be responsible for constipation and a number of the other gastrointestinal manifestations of the MEN, 2b. Dysphagia, which has not been previously reported in the syndrome was also present. Investigations of the oesophagus which included endoscopy, radiology and a motility study support the diagnosis of achalasia as the cause of the dysphagia.
 ...
PMID:Colonic and oesophageal disturbance in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b. 3 47

Botulism is relatively common in the Vienne department as we have observed 36 cases over a peroid of 7 years. Other French cases, published over the last 10 years, included 10 to 19 cases in the largest series. In a total of 10 series, there were 105 cases. Botulism is caused, in most cases, by eating ham prepared on the farm. It gives rise to the usual clinical picture including paralysis of accommodation, dysphagia, digestive symptoms with abdominal pain and constipation and finally, bladder paralysis. The mild forms are fairly common. We did not observe any severe cases. Our patients were treated in two homogeneous series of 17 cases each ; two patients were given no treatment. Patients treated by sero-anatoxin therapy according to classical methods, evolved towards a cure within 21 days on average. Patients treated by sulfguanidin were cured within 24 days. This study permitted us to confirm that sero-anatoxin therapy is not essential. The disadvantages are the number of injections, the possibility of sometimes fatal hyper-sensitive reactions which, in the opinion of many authors, justifies routine cover with cortisone. This attitude does not seem to us justified owing to the usually benign nature of the botulism. The treatment with sulfaguanidin is well tolerated and is not of any risk to the patient.
 ...
PMID:[Botulism. Therapeutic management. Apropos of 36 cases]. 16 90

In the week of May 7, 1973, seven persons contracted botulism after eating together. The most common symptoms were vomiting, constipation, dry mouth, dysphagia, and dysphonia. All were treated with trivalent botulinal antitoxin, and none died. Serum specimens obtained from all seven patients were negative for botulinal toxin, but stool specimens from three patients were positive for type B toxin. Electromyographic studies performed on five patients documented the neurophysiologic abnormalities of botulism. Commercially canned peppers in oil were implicated epidemiologically, and type B toxin was identified in leftover peppers. The processor voluntarily recalled the pepper product, and no further cases were reported.
 ...
PMID:Type B botulism outbreak caused by a commercial food product. West Virginia and Pennsylvania, 1973. 57 68

The mouth, oesophagus, and anus are often involved in dystrophic and junctional epidermolysis bullosa, but the frequency is unknown. Among 246 patients with epidermolysis bullosa, dysphagia developed in 76% of those with recessive dystrophic, in 20% of those with dominant dystrophic, in 15% of those with junctional, and in 2% of those with simplex forms. Lingual adhesions or microstomia occurred in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa only, but were eight times more common in recessive than in dominant subtypes. These lesions are provoked by the trauma of eating and further reduce food intake, which exacerbates constipation caused by anal blisters and results in malnutrition. Management requires specialised multidisciplinary care.
 ...
PMID:Oral and gastrointestinal manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa. 136

Pseudo-obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare disorder of impaired gastrointestinal motility. The more common symptoms of pseudo-obstruction in the infant or child include dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, abdominal pain, and constipation. The majority of children have symptoms within the first year of life. Chronic cases of pseudo-obstruction are associated with neuropathic or myopathic changes in other parts of the body. Bladder dysfunction and neurological problems have been reported. The diagnosis of pseudo-obstruction is based on history, physical examination, radiographic studies and motility studies. Advances in medical technology have facilitated the identification of abnormal motility patterns in children. Therapy for pseudo-obstruction is primarily supportive. The use of motility agents has been unsuccessful in treating pseudo-obstruction. Nutritional and antibiotic therapy are the mainstays of treatment. Nursing interventions, patient/family education and advances in home care technology have improved the quality of life for children with pseudo-obstruction. Small bowel transplantation offers hope for the future.
 ...
PMID:Pseudo-obstruction in children. 137 52

Three cases of Chilaiditi's syndrome are reported. Case 1: A 56-year-old woman was admitted with dysphagia. She had been suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis for 16 years. Three years before the admission, dysphagia developed and dilatation and hypomotility of the esophagus were observed. Chest and abdominal x-ray films on admission showed severe dilatation of the intestine, pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, abdominal free air, and Chilaiditi's syndrome. Chilaiditi's syndrome and other signs disappeared after conservative treatment. She died four months later due to cor pulmonale. Case 2: An 87-year-old man was admitted with constipation and left lower abdominal pain. Physical examination showed ascites. Chest and abdominal x-ray examination showed Chilaiditi's syndrome. Cytological examination of ascites revealed adenocarcinoma cells. Diagnosis of peritonitis carcinomatosa due to cancer of pancreatic tail was made. Chilaiditi's syndrome disappeared after removal of ascites. Case 3: A 71-year-old bedridden man who had urinary incontinence developed meterorism. Repeated chest x-ray examinations constantly showed Chilaiditi's syndrome. He died of pneumonia two years later. The pathogenesis of Chilaiditi's syndrome was discussed and the literature was reviewed.
 ...
PMID:[Three cases of Chilaiditi's syndrome--hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon]. 143 56

The existence of specific, age-related changes in gastrointestinal motility with clinical significance is controversial. Beside the more infrequent primary motility disorders, secondary motility disturbances associated with collagen vascular diseases, endocrinopathies, and neuromuscular diseases are prominent in the older and often multimorbid patients. Especially in geriatric patients, motility associated symptoms are undesired side-effects of drug therapy. The pathophysiology, clinical syndromes, and therapeutic principles of motility disorders in the elderly are discussed. The major symptoms of esophageal dysfunction are dysphagia, chest pain, heartburn, and regurgitation. Oropharyngeal dysphagia, mostly caused by cerebrovascular accidents and other neurologic disorders, leads to disturbances in food intake, and is often complicated by broncho-pulmonary infections arising from recurrent aspiration of food or saliva. Gastrointestinal reflux disease and spastic motility disorders of the esophagus are regarded as possible causes of angina-like chest pain after exclusion of cardiac diseases. Motility disturbances of the stomach and small bowel are often related to systemic disease (i.e., diabetes mellitus, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction) of drug side-effects. Mental and physical decline, reduced fluid intake, and constipating drugs are the most relevant factors for idiopathic constipation in the elderly. Fecal incontinence means a great psychological strain for older patients and leads to social isolation.
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal motility in the elderly]. 144 9

Although more extensive research is required to fully characterize the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal symptoms in PD, much of the presently available data suggest that the primary PD process is the major factor in the etiology of gut dysfunction in this patient population. This may be mediated by both central and peripheral mechanisms. Involvement of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus might produce dysfunction of muscles controlling deglutition and esophageal motility, thereby leading to drooling, dysphagia, and gastroesophageal reflux. The presence of Lewy bodies, the primary neuropathologic finding in the CNS in PD, in the myenteric plexus of both the esophagus and colon suggests that the PD process may also affect the enteric nervous system and contribute to the development of esophageal dysmotility and constipation through this peripheral mechanism. Dopamine receptors have been identified in the lower esophageal sphincter and the esophageal body of animals. If similarly present in humans, involvement of this dopaminergic system could contribute to the development of dysphagia and nausea of PD. Constipation may reflect both peripheral involvement, indicated by Lewy bodies in the colonic myenteric plexus, leading to colonic inertia, and central mechanisms, leading to pelvic floor dysfunction.
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: frequency and pathophysiology. 845 Oct 18

Forty-eight men with Parkinson's disease (PD) were interviewed utilizing a questionnaire which evaluated autonomic function. The study population included PD patients (mean age: 65.8 years, mean duration of PD: 8 years) and 32 elderly healthy nonparkinsonian males (mean age: 70.4 years). We found a significantly higher prevalence of the following symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in the parkinsonian patients: erectile dysfunction (60.4 vs. 37.5%), sensation of incomplete bladder emptying (41.6 vs. 15.6%), urgency (45.8 vs. 3.125%), constipation (43.9 vs. 6.25%), dysphagia (22.9 vs. 6.25%) and orthostatic dizziness (21.95 vs. 0%). Eighty-nine percent of parkinsonian patients had at least one of these autonomic symptoms, compared to 43% of control subjects (p less than 0.05). This study is the first comprehensive survey of autonomic symptomatology in PD compared to elderly healthy controls and confirms that autonomic nervous system dysfunction is a pervasive problem in PD. Erectile dysfunction is a significant problem in this patient group and contributes to deterioration in the quality of life.
 ...
PMID:Autonomic dysfunction in men with Parkinson's disease. 159 69

One hundred one patients with EB were evaluated by a combination of prospective and retrospective review, and analyzed regarding the nature, incidence, and prevalence of their gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations. Involvement of the GI tract is a well-known extracutaneous manifestation of dystrophic EB, but it also occurred in more than one-half and one-third, respectively, of those with junctional and simplex EB. Most of the serious consequences, such as esophageal strictures and microstomia, occurred in recessive dystrophic EB but were also seen, although infrequently, in the junctional and simplex forms. The majority of patients with dysphagia had an esophageal stricture, and the cervical esophagus was the most common location. The onset of dysphagia generally occurred in the first decade of life, in patients much younger than previously recognized. Diagnostic endoscopy did not reveal lesions which could not have been detected radiographically. Lower GI complaints were common, especially constipation and perianal blistering, and affected all types of EB. These complaints contributed substantially to management problems but they did not correlate with colonic pathology and appeared to reflect anal or perianal disease.
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa. A study of 101 patients. 163 37


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>