Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) - the fourth modality - has been successfully used in the management of early and advanced pathologies of the head and neck. We studied the effect of this modality on a giant solitary neurofibroma of the neck. A 70-year-old Caucasian female presented with left neck pain and disfigurement associated with slight shortness of breath and dysphagia. Examination revealed a large mass in the neck with no neurovascular compromise. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reported a heterogeneously enhancing mass extending from the left angle of the mandible to the base of the neck. A core biopsy was performed and histopathological examination revealed a disorganised array of peripheral nerve fascicles. The patient elected to receive photodynamic therapy as the primary intervention. The multi-disciplinary meeting approved the treatment plan. The photosensitizing agent was mTHPC (0.15 mg/kg), which was systemically administered 96-hours prior to ultrasound (US)-guided light delivery to the mass, which was undertaken under general anaesthesia. Recovery was uneventful. Post-PDT follow-up showed that the patient's pain, dysphagia and shortness of breath issues had improved. The disfigurement of the neck caused by the mass was no longer a problem. Three months post-PDT, MRI revealed a significant reduction in the neurofibroma size. PDT was proven as a successful primary intervention for this pathology. However, higher evidence-based studies are required before this therapy can be proposed as a replacement to any of the other conventional therapies.
 ...
PMID:Solitary giant neurofibroma of the neck subjected to photodynamic therapy: case study. 2449 30

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a common but often unrecognized systemic disorder observed mainly in the middle-aged and elderly population, characterized by ankylosing formations of the spine and ossifications of peripheral ligaments, tendons and joint capsule insertion points (entheses). Despite the increase of prevalence with age, the condition often remains undiagnosed. It can be an asymptomatic incidental radiographic finding but can also manifest in several multiorgan complications, such as back and neck pain, restriction of mobility of the spine, peripheral joint affection, dysphagia, dyspnea, foreign body sensation, hoarseness, neurologic manifestations due to compression of the spinal cord, hyperuricemia, obesity, hypercholesterinemia and resulting cardiovascular comorbidities, implicating a multidisciplinary approach. The following article presents a current overview of the condition.
 ...
PMID:[Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: current aspects of diagnostics and therapy]. 2277 45

Acute calcific longus colli tendinitis (LCT) has been reported as an unusual cause of acute-onset neck pain, dysphagia, and headache.(1-5) As described in most of the published reports, LCT traditionally manifests on computed tomography (CT) imaging as paramidline calcium hydroxyapatite crystal deposits anterior to the C1 and C2 vertebral bodies. However, recent studies have brought attention to the disease existing at the C4-C5 and C5-C6 levels.(6,7) Acute LCT is considered relatively benign, typically resolving on its own within several weeks.
 ...
PMID:Acute calcific longus colli tendinitis: an unusual location and presentation. 2280 92

Eagle's syndrome (ES) sometimes called styloid or stylohyoid syndrome is defined as the symptomatic elongation of the styloid process or mineralisation of the stylohyoid ligament. The symptoms related to this condition can be confused with those attributed to a wide variety of facial neuralgias. We report a 34-year-old male patient who presented with a recurrent neck pain and dysphagia. He was diagnosed to have an elongated styloid process. An intraoral transtonsillar shortening of the styloid process was done. We discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of ES as well as a review of the literature.
 ...
PMID:Eagle's syndrome, a rare cause of neck pain. 2284 55

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion procedures are one of the most common procedures performed in spinal surgery. Increasingly they are being performed on an outpatient basis. The primary impetus for performing procedures as an outpatient is potential cost savings. However, there are few studies discussing the safety of performing the procedure in an ambulatory setting. This is a retrospective review of our initial experience in performing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion procedures with instrumentation (ACDFI) in an ambulatory surgery center dedicated to spine surgery. Patients were selected for outpatient surgery if they had limited co-morbidities and the surgery involved only 1 or 2 levels. One hundred fifty-two patients underwent outpatient ACDFI during the study period (2007-2009). Six patients returned to the hospital emergency room after discharge. The reasons for evaluation included 2 for neck pain, 1 for dysphagia, 1 for vocal cord paralysis and dysphagia, 1 for nausea, and 1 for cervical swelling. Only 1 of the 6 patients required admission to the hospital. None of the 6 suffered any long-term sequelae. The overall complication rate was 3.9%. A self-reported survey was completed by 75 patients within 6 months of surgery, and there was a 100% satisfaction rate among responders. ACDFI can be performed safely on an outpatient in selected patients with a high degree of patient satisfaction. Our experience is consistent with those of previous investigators.
 ...
PMID:Instrumented outpatient anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: is it safe? 2310 4

The acute calcific tendinitis of the longus colli, it's a rare nosologic condition, that generally presents with intense and sudden neck pain,associated with dysphagia, little time after an effort or local trauma, with rapidly symptomatic progression, that in just a few days tend to totally limit the normal function. The disease is caused by the inflammatory response to the deposition of calcic hidroxiapatite generally at the superior insertion of the superior oblique fibers. We describe the case of a female, 48 years old, that suddenly after a physical effort, develops a clinical picture characterized by limitation of the cervical and cranial movements, rapidly progressive dysphagia, and increasingly intense pain, with inflammatory characteristics. Ten years before the patient had presented a pulmonary tuberculosis infection that was treated and debelated, this event had contributed to bias the approach to the disease, but the CT and MRI has showed some classical findings in this pathology, bringing light to the real nature of the disease.
 ...
PMID:[Imagiology of the acute calcific tendinitis of the longus colli]. 2317 85

Lemierre's syndrome (LS) is a rare, but a life-threatening complication of an oropharyngeal infection. Combinations of fever, pharyngitis, dysphagia, odynophagia, or oropharyngeal swelling are common presenting symptoms. Infection of the lateral pharyngeal space may result in thrombosis of the internal jugular vein, subsequent metastatic complications (e.g., lung abscesses, septic arthritis), and significant morbidity and mortality. LS is usually caused by the gram-negative anaerobic bacillus Fusobacterium necrophorum, hence also known as necrobacillosis. We present a case of LS caused by Streptococcus intermedius, likely secondary to gingival scraping, in which the presenting complaint was neck pain. The oropharyngeal examination was normal and an initial CT of the neck was done without contrast, which likely resulted in a diagnostic delay. This syndrome can be easily missed in early phases. However, given the potential severity of LS, early recognition and expedient appropriate antimicrobial treatment are critical. S. intermedius is an unusual cause of LS, with only 2 previous cases being reported in the literature. Therefore, an awareness of the myriad presentations of this syndrome, which in turn will lead to appropriate and timely diagnostic studies, will result in improved outcome for LS.
 ...
PMID:Lemierre's Syndrome: Rare, but Life Threatening-A Case Report with Streptococcus intermedius. 2319 86

Cerebral hemorrhage is one of the most common causes of dysphagia. In many cases, dysphagia gets better once the acute phase has passed. Structural lesions such as thyromegaly, cervical hyperostosis, congenital web, Zenker's diverticulum, neoplasm, radiation fibrosis, and retropharyngeal abscess must be considered as other causes of dysphagia as well. Retropharyngeal abscess seldom occur in adults and if it does so, a search for a prior dental procedure, trauma, head and neck infection is needed. The symptoms may include neck pain, dysphagia, sore throat, and in rare cases, dyspnea accompanied by stridor. We present a case and discuss a patient who had dysphagia and neck pain after a cerebral hemorrhage. Testing revealed a retropharyngeal abscess. The symptoms were successfully treated after the administration of antibiotics.
 ...
PMID:Dysphagia due to Retropharyngeal Abscess that Incidentally Detected in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patient. 2334 21

Eagle's syndrome is a rare condition associated with the temporal styloid process hypertrophy (Eagle, 1937). It is in most cases asymptomatic, but may be accompanied by dysphagia, pharyngeal or head and neck pain due to neurovascular structure compression. The current study aims to present and discuss the etiology of a possible case of Eagle's syndrome from an Italian ossuary. Skull OC 002/08 shows a unilateral hypertrophic styloid process (48 mm long; 5-7 mm thick). Areas of remodel-ed periosteal swelling are visible at the stylohyoid and stylopharyngeus muscles' insertion, along with evidence of healed trauma to both nasal bones and a depressed fracture on the upper left portion of the frontal. Several factors have been proposed as possible causes of styloid elongation, including anatomical variation, aging and trauma. Evidence of unilateral styloid hypertrophy in association with healed cranial trauma in OC 002/08 suggests a traumatic etiology for the condition.
 ...
PMID:A possible case of Eagle's syndrome from an Italian ossuary (Chiavari, GE). 2346 Dec 64

Botulinum toxin (Botox) is an exotoxin produced from Clostridium botulinum. It works by blocking the release of acetylcholine from the cholinergic nerve end plates leading to inactivity of the muscles or glands innervated. Botox is best known for its beneficial role in facial aesthetics but recent literature has highlighted its usage in multiple non-cosmetic medical and surgical conditions. This article reviews the current evidence pertaining to Botox use in the head and neck. A literature review was conducted using The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline and EMBASE databases limited to English Language articles published from 1980 to 2012. The findings suggest that there is level 1 evidence supporting the efficacy of Botox in the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia, essential voice tremor, headache, cervical dystonia, masticatory myalgia, sialorrhoea, temporomandibular joint disorders, bruxism, blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm and rhinitis. For chronic neck pain there is level 1 evidence to show that Botox is ineffective. Level 2 evidence exists for vocal tics, trigeminal neuralgia, dysphagia and post-laryngectomy oesophageal speech. For stuttering, 'first bite syndrome', facial nerve paresis, Frey's syndrome, oromandibular dystonia and palatal/stapedial myoclonus the evidence is level 4. Thus, the literature highlights a therapeutic role for Botox in a wide range of non-cosmetic conditions pertaining to the head and neck (mainly level 1 evidence). With ongoing research, the spectrum of clinical applications and number of people receiving Botox will no doubt increase. Botox appears to justify its title as 'the poison that heals'.
 ...
PMID:An evidence-based review of botulinum toxin (Botox) applications in non-cosmetic head and neck conditions. 2347 31


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>