Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hypopharyngeal amyloidosis is rare. Management depends on etiology. We report a case of hypopharyngeal amyloidosis and review the characteristics of this exceptional pathology. A 60-year-old woman with a history of diabetes and chronic cervicalgia consulted for dysphagia and deteriorated general health status, which had been evolving for 2 months. Clinical examination found two ulcerations of the lateral edge of the tongue and right pyriform sinus salivary stasis. Panendoscopy found regular swelling of the posterior wall of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. The pyriform sinuses and larynx were normal. Cervical CT and MRI showed thickening of the posterior wall of the hypopharynx. Biopsy found amorphous acellular eosinophil interstitial deposits, shown to be amyloid on Congo red staining, leading to a diagnosis of amyloidosis. Etiological assessment pointed to myeloma. The patient was managed by chemotherapy associating melphalan and prednisone. Evolution at 12 months' follow-up was good. Localized amyloidosis is a rare lesion of the superior aerodigestive tract, predominating in the larynx. Hypopharyngeal involvement is exceptional. Diagnosis is histological. Management depends on etiology. Local treatment is exceptional other than in case of complication. Systemic forms with associated myeloma are of poor prognosis.
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PMID:Hypopharyngeal amyloidosis: A case report. 2082 62

Spontaneous retropharyngeal hematoma is rare and difficult to diagnosis early. A 23-year-old male spontaneously developed acute onset of neck pain, limitation of neck motion, and mild dysphagia. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated blood products in prevertebral space from C2 to C4, suggesting a diagnosis of retropharyngeal hematoma. We report a rare case of spontaneous retropharyngeal hematoma causing neck pain.
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PMID:Spontaneous retropharyngeal hematoma - a case report -. 2083 Feb 69

Ganglioneuromas rarely occur in the retropharynx with only three cases reported in the current literature. The most common symptom associated with retropharyngeal ganglioneuromas is dysphagia. We report a retropharyngeal ganglioneuroma with an unusual clinical presentation of neck stiffness and pain. A 42-year-old woman presented with incapacitating neck pain, neck stiffness, right upper extremity weakness, as well as dysphagia. Neurological workup was normal. Imaging revealed a hyperdense, ill-defined, diffuse right retropharyngeal mass suggestive of a possible nerve sheath tumor with no communication with the cervical spine. Surgical removal was uneventful and associated with a postoperative Horner's syndrome. In follow-up, dysphagia and neck symptoms improved. Retropharyngeal ganglioneuromas can occur in a wide age range of patients. Surgical excision via a cervical approach offers definitive therapy but may be associated with an iatrogenic Horner's syndrome for which the patients should be counseled prior to operative intervention. Neck pain is an atypical symptom that needs to be worked up to rule out a communication with the spinal column prior to surgical removal. Patients must be counseled that atypical symptoms may not completely resolve with surgical treatment.
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PMID:Retropharyngeal ganglioneuroma presenting with neck stiffness: report of a case and review of literature. 2135 3

We present the case of a 56-year-old male patient with a history of glottic carcinoma treated with concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy in complete remission, who went to hospital with severe neck pain, upper right limb weakness and dysphagia. Physical examination showed neck stiffness as well. Spondylitis at C6-C7 spinal level with extradural abscess formation was diagnosed by MRI. Barium radiography revealed an esophageal ulcer with a posterior sinus path. Conservative treatment was given with percutaneous gastrostomy and antibiotics. The patient's symptoms improved and the fistula and the abscess had disappeared in the later MRI control studies.
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PMID:[Spinal-esophageal fistula in a patient treated with concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy]. 2142 68

Tonsilloliths are rare calcified structures that usually result from chronic inflammation of the tonsils. Concretions show differences in size, shape and colour. They are usually asymptomatic but can be associated with halitosis, foreign body sensation, dysphagia and odynophagia, otalgia, and neck pain. A patient was referred because panoramic radiography performed by a general dentist revealed radiopaque shadows over the ascending rami of the mandible, located bilaterally: a solitary structure on the higher portion of the right side and two small structures on the left side. Paroxysmal attacks of orofacial pain and symptoms such as dysphagia and swallowing pain on the left side distributed within the tonsillar fossa and pharynx and the angle of the lower jaw were present. The computed tomography images revealed bilateral tonsilloliths. Clinically, there was no sign of inflammation, and the patient's past history revealed an approximately 2-year history of dysphagia, swallowing pain and left-sided neck pain. At the request of the patient, no surgical intervention was carried out. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a rare entity, and the aim of this report was to indicate the importance of tonsilloliths as a cause of orofacial pain.
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PMID:Tonsillolithiasis and orofacial pain. 2161 68

Intervertebral disk calcification in children is an uncommon self-limiting disease, which can cause symptoms like neck pain or torticollis, and can be treated with conservative management. The calcified disk material can herniate anteriorly, inducing dysphagia, or herniate posteriorly, causing neurologic symptoms secondary to spinal cord compression. We report computed tomography and magnetic resonance findings of a symptomatic intervertebral disk calcification at the C2-3 level with retropharyngeal edema caused by anterior herniation of calcified material in a 7-year-old boy.
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PMID:Acute symptomatic intervertebral disk calcification in a child with retropharyngeal edema: computed tomography and magnetic resonance findings. 2194 61

Calcified stylohyoid ligament is also called an elongated styloid process and the symptom complex that it produces is called Eagle's syndrome. The symptoms of neck pain, sore throat, foreign body sensation in the throat, dysphagia and otalgia may be confused with other head and neck pain and are often worsened by yawning, opening the mouth wide or turning the head laterally. This is the result of involvement of cranial nerves, carotid plexus and cervical plexus. Carotid artery involvement causes wider symptomatology. Sometimes, it presents as a complication of tonsillectomy procedure. Elongated styloid process is conveniently identified on firm digital examination of tonsillar fossa. Diagnosis is made with appropriate radiological examination. Non-surgical treatment options include re-assurance, analgesia, anti-inflammatory medications and surgical option is shortening of the elongated styloid process by transoral or external approach. The condition is hereby described in a 59 years old male.
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PMID:An unusual cause of recurrent throat pain - calcified stylohyoid ligament. 2248 87

Focal dystonia is a common, invalidating neurologic condition characterized by involuntary, sustained muscle contractions causing twisting movements and abnormal postures in one body part. Currently, botulinum toxin is the treatment of first choice. We performed a systematic review towards the pharmaco-therapeutic and pharmaco-economic value of botulinum toxin as treatment for focal dystonia, which yielded the following results. Botulinum toxin is the most effective treatment for reducing dystonic symptoms measured with dystonia-specific and general questionnaires, and pain in patients with focal dystonia. Seventy-one percent of patients with cervical dystonia had a reduction in neck pain compared to 12 % in placebo groups. Adverse events occur in 58 % of patients during treatment with botulinum toxin compared to 46 % treated with placebo. Especially dry mouth, neck weakness, dysphagia, and voice changes are common. Adverse events are usually mild and self-limiting. Health-related quality of life, measured with the SF-36 is 20-50 points lower in patients with focal dystonia compared to controls and the effect of botulinum toxin on health-related quality of life is unclear. Botulinum toxin treatment is expensive because the drug itself is expensive. Yearly costs for treating a patient with focal dystonia with botulinum toxin range from EUR 347 to EUR 3,633 and the gain in QALYs with BTX treatment is small. Focal dystonia impairs the productivity and the ability to work. At start of botulinum toxin treatment only 47-50 % was working. Botulinum toxin partly improves this. Overall, we conclude that botulinum toxin is an expensive drug with good effects. From a societal perspective, the costs may well weigh up to the regained quality of life. However, the available literature concerning costs, health-related quality of life and labor participation is very limited. An extensive cost-effectiveness study should be performed incorporating all these aspects.
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PMID:Botulinum toxin as treatment for focal dystonia: a systematic review of the pharmaco-therapeutic and pharmaco-economic value. 2255 27

We present a case of a patient with Lemierre's syndrome caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum who developed a right frontal lobe brain abscess. We summarise the epidemiology, microbiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications, therapy, and outcomes of Lemierre's syndrome. F necrophorum is most commonly associated with Lemierre's syndrome: a septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. Patients usually present with an exudative tonsillitis, sore throat, dysphagia, and unilateral neck pain. Diagnosis of septic thrombophlebitis is best confirmed by obtaining a CT scan of the neck with contrast. Complications of the disease include bacteraemia with septic abscesses to the lungs, joints, liver, peritoneum, kidneys, and brain. Treatment should include a prolonged course of intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic plus metronidazole.
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PMID:Lemierre's syndrome due to Fusobacterium necrophorum. 2342 89

Otolaryngologists commonly evaluate patients with findings suspicious for deep space soft tissue infections of the neck. In this case, a woman with a history of injection drug use (IDU) presented with dysphagia, odynophagia, and neck pain. Multiple neck abscesses, too small to drain, were seen on imaging. Despite broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, she unexpectedly and rapidly developed respiratory failure requiring intubation. Further work-up diagnosed wound botulism (WB). To our knowledge, this is the first report of WB presenting as a deep neck space infection, and illustrates the importance of considering this deadly diagnosis in patients with IDU history and bulbar symptoms.
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PMID:Wound botulism presenting as a deep neck space infection. 2264 53


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