Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An epidemic outbreak of peripheral neuropathy affected Cuba in 1992-93 resulting in 50,862 cases (national cumulative incidence rate (CIR) 461.4 per 100,000). Clinical forms included retrobulbar optic neuropathy, sensory and dysautonomic peripheral neuropathy, dorsolateral myeloneuropathy, sensorineural deafness, dysphonia and dysphagia, spastic paraparesis, and mixed forms. For epidemiological purposes, cases were classified as optic forms (CIR 242.39) or peripheral forms (CIR 219.25). Increased risk was found among smokers (odds ratio (OR) 4.9), those with history of missing meals (OR 4.7) resulting in lower intake of animal protein, fat, and foods that contain B-vitamins, combined drinking and smoking (OR 3.5), weight loss (OR 2.8), excessive sugar consumption (OR 2.7) and heavy drinking (OR 2.3). Optic neuropathy was characterized by decreased vision, bilateral and symmetric central or cecocentral scotomata, and loss of color vision due to selective lesion of the maculopapillary bundles. Peripheral neuropathy was a distal axonopathy lesion affecting predominantly large myelinated axons. Deafness produced selective high frequency (4-8 kHz) hearing loss. Myelopathy lesions combined dorsal column deficits and pyramidal involvement of lower limbs with spastic bladder. Clinical features were those of Strachan syndrome and beriberi. Intensive search for neurotoxic agents, in particular organophosphorus esters, chronic cyanide, and trichloroethylene intoxication, yielded negative results. Treatment of patients with B-group vitamins and folate produced rewarding results. Most patients improved significantly and less than 0.1% of them remained with sequelae; there were no fatal cases. Supplementation of multivitamins to the entire Cuban population resulted in curbing of the epidemic. Overt malnutrition was not present, but a deficit of micronutrients, in particular thiamine, cobalamine, folate and sulfur amino acids appears to have been a primary determinant of this epidemic.
 ...
PMID:An epidemic in Cuba of optic neuropathy, sensorineural deafness, peripheral sensory neuropathy and dorsolateral myeloneuropathy. 769 85

With 5,000 cases yearly, laryngeal carcinomas account in France for the third of squamous cell cancers of the upper digestive and respiratory tract. The crude survival rate is 50% at 5 years. Carcinomas of vocal cords are often diagnosed as early stages if dysphonia leads the patients to the ENT specialist within 2 weeks. Cure of the primary is achieved in 90% of the early stages by radiotherapy with narrow fields or partial surgery, with a 80% 5 years survival rate. Advanced tumors are often treated by total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy. Supra-glottic cancers (epiglottis) are more serious. Unilateral dysphagia or upper cervical neck node often delay early diagnosis. A total laryngectomy is the commonest treatment. The 5 years survival rate of 40% is due to local and/or regional failures and metachronous cancers in head and neck, and radiotherapy remains the two major treatments. Primary prevention is based upon suppression of tobacco and reduction of alcoholic consumption, secondary prevention on resection of leucoplakia and close follow-up of patients with chronic laryngitis.
 ...
PMID:[Management of laryngeal cancers]. 776 53

Ten patients with atrophy of the tongue, from a group of 752 with generalized acquired myasthenia gravis (MG), were studied. Tongue atrophy developed late in the majority of patients and was accompanied by tongue paresis (70% of the cases) and eventually associated to atrophy of other muscles of the palate, especially the uvula. All the patients exhibited severe forms of MG with bulbar involvement, mainly persistent dysphonia and dysphagia, almost always refractory to treatment. There is no correlation among atrophy of the tongue, sex, and thymus pathology. There is correlation between severeness of symptoms and early, persistent and treatment refractory dysphonia and dysphagia.
 ...
PMID:Atrophy of the tongue with persistent articulation disorder in myasthenia gravis: report of 10 patients. 777 22

The histologically benign hypopharyngeal lipoma is a potentially fatal tumour because of the risk of upper airway obstruction. It may be asymptomatic or present with symptoms ranging from vague foreign-body sensation to sore throat, dysphagia or dysphonia. The diagnosis may be suggested by indirect or fibreoptic laryngoscopy. Lateral neck soft tissue X-ray and barium swallow may help but CT imaging of the pharynx enables a more precise preoperative diagnosis. Treatment is by surgical excision of the lesion either perorally, endoscopically or via a lateral pharyngotomy. Long-term follow-up is recommended due to the possibility of recurrence and metachronous lesions.
 ...
PMID:Lipoma of hypopharynx. 793 28

Metastases to the thyroid gland from renal carcinoma are observed in 10% of the uncommon metastatic thyroid tumours. They are the first sign of renal carcinoma in 25% of cases or appear after primary treatment of renal neoplasia, up to 27 years later. Metastases are more frequent in pathological glands, perhaps because intraparenchymal blood flow is slowed and tissue oxygen partial pressure is reduced. Thyroid metastases are frequently associated with lung ones, whether those associated with metastases to other organs (duodenum, pancreas, skin) are very unusual. Clinical manifestations are thyroid node without hormonal modifications or acute swelling of the gland with hormonal hyperfunction; other signs are dysphonia and/or dysphagia. Thyroid nodes are "cold" at 131I scanning and with mixed structure at ultrasonography. Fine needle aspiration is often diagnostic. Problems in differential diagnosis are among clear-cell renal carcinoma and some types of thyroid adenoma, adrenal carcinoma, parathyroid carcinoma, testicular seminoma and hypernephroid thyroid carcinoma. Treatment is surgical: subtotal or total lobectomy, with or without isthmectomy, if metastasis is single, total thyroidectomy in diffuse disease. Some Authors always choice total thyroidectomy to erase microscopic foci of disease in contralateral lobe. Reported survival after treatment is from a few months to 27 years. Survival is longer with a metastasis appearing after nephrectomy and with unique versus multiple ones.
 ...
PMID:[Isolated thyroid and skin metastases of renal carcinoma]. 802 37

We report 9 patients with an unusual plasma cell proliferative disorder of the upper aerodigestive tract. Six patients were men and three, women. The age at presentation ranged from 40 to 67 years with a mean of 54 years. Symptoms at presentation included dysphonia, dysphagia, difficulty breathing, and oral pain. These plasma cell lesions typically produced a cobblestone or warty appearance of the upper aerodigestive tract mucosa including the larynx, pharynx, palate, lips, mouth, tongue, and trachea in varying combination of multiple sites in each patient. Histologically, all lesions were characterized by psoriasiform epithelial hyperplasia with dyskeratosis and dense subepithelial plasmacytosis. Plasma cells were mature but so expansive and diffuse in infiltration as to suggest extramedullary plasmacytoma. Immunohistochemistry for kappa and lambda light chain showed polyclonal immunoglobulin content in all cases examined. Microbial cultures and Warthin-Starry stains were negative for organisms. A variety of treatments including antibiotic therapy, corticosteroid administration, and surgical resection were unsuccessful. In two patients, the process required tracheostomy. This disorder has not been previously described with the exception of a single reported case, which is included in this series. The etiology, pathogenesis, and successful management of mucous membrane plasmacytosis remain unknown.
 ...
PMID:Mucous membrane plasmacytosis of the upper aerodigestive tract. A clinicopathologic study. 809 96

160 children with an average age of 9 years (range 6-15) affected by acute bacterial tonsillitis, were selected and assigned, following an open, parallel group design to: a) brodimoprim at the dose of 10 mg/kg on the first day, in single administration, and of 5 mg/kg on the following days; b) cotrimoxazole suspension, at the dosage of 6 mg of trimethoprim/kg/day, in two daily administrations; c) amoxicillin with clavulanic acid suspension (amoxi-clavulanate) 50 mg/kg every 12 hours. Quantity of pharynx and tonsillar exudate, pharynx pain, dysphonia and dysphagia were checked at the basal time, 3rd, 7th and at the last day of therapy. These symptoms were evaluated using a four-step rating scale. The evolution of body temperature was measured at two different times (1 and 5 o'clock p.m.), until the end of treatment, foreseen five days after disappearance of fever. Microbiological evaluation through a pharynx swab was performed at the beginning and at the end of therapy. Side-effects were registered during all the observation period. Lab-tests were carried out at the enrollment and at the end of treatment. The frequency and intensity of symptoms decreased significantly in all treatment groups. In comparison with amoxi-clavulanate, the brodimoprim group showed an earlier improvement (3rd day) of the clinical situation and a significantly better regression of pharynx exudate (p < 0.01), pharynx pain (p < 0.05) and dysphonia (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Efficacy and tolerability of brodimoprim in pharyngotonsillitis in children. 819 55

Tumor involvement or sacrifice of the vagus nerve at the level of the jugular foramen is a cause of significant morbidity in skull base surgery. Management of the resulting dysphagia and dysphonia has been significantly improved by the development of vocal cord medialization. However, rehabilitation of palatal paralysis with the resulting velopharyngeal incompetence has not been widely addressed. In an effort to alleviate the symptoms of hypernasality and nasal reflux, unilateral adhesion of the palate to the posterior wall of the nasopharynx is proposed. This report summarizes the operative approach and results in eight patients. Results have been favourable with no significant postoperative complications observed to date.
 ...
PMID:Unilateral palatal adhesion for paralysis after high vagal injury. 829 83

The case of a man with acute onset of muscle pain, weakness, anasarca, severe dysphagia and dysphonia, and biochemical, electromyographic and histologic evidence of polymyositis is presented. The literature on the occurrence of subcutaneous edema in polymyositis was reviewed. It is concluded that this particular symptom, with no other apparent cause, including heart failure from the underlying disease, is a rare but definite feature of polymyositis itself. A correlation of that with severe bulbar muscle involvement is also suggested.
 ...
PMID:Subcutaneous edema: an "unrecognized" feature of acute polymyositis. 831 Feb 9

Ten patients with clinically probable brainstem stroke presenting primarily as acute dysphagia but without visible brainstem abnormality by MRI are described. The patients were evaluated with neurologic examinations, cinepharyngoesophagography, and brain MRI studies. Each patient solely or predominately experienced sudden pharyngeal dysphagia, and additional symptoms or signs other than dysphonia or dysarthria were scarce. Small vessel disease or cardiac embolism were the apparent causes of what appear to have been very discrete brainstem strokes in these patients. Acute pharyngeal dysphagia can be the sole or primary manifestation of brainstem stroke. A negative MRI study should not preclude consideration of this diagnosis, if brainstem stroke is otherwise clinically probable.
Dysphagia 1993
PMID:Clinically probable brainstem stroke presenting primarily as dysphagia and nonvisualized by MRI. 835 44


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>