Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chondrosarcoma of the skull base is a rare neoplasm. The most common presenting symptoms are hoarseness, dysphagia, and diplopia, which is associated with palsies of cranial nerves X, IX, and VI. The temporal bone is the most common site of tumor origin, followed by the sphenoid bone. These tumors must be differentiated from chordoma, chondroid chordoma, osteogenic sarcoma, enchondroma, and meningioma. Diagnosis is made by patient history, radiologic imaging, and biopsy. The treatment is surgical excision followed by radiation therapy. Five-year survival rates for grades I, II, and III are 90, 81, and 43%, respectively.
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PMID:Extracranial skull base chondrosarcoma. 268 2

Chondrosarcoma of the larynx is a rare slow-growing malignant tumour with approximately 240 cases reported in the literature: the cricoid cartilage is the most commonly affected site (72-75%), in rare case was described of epiglottis (1-2%). We report a case of a chondrosarcoma of the epiglottis treated with CO2 laser epiglottectomy. The patient was referred with dysphonia, dysphagia and halitosis that started four months before. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed a large smooth mass with a roundish appearance and a pearly-grey colour, as big as a nut, apparently arising from the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis, causing obliteration of the piriform fossa. The definitive histopathological report showed microscopically, the tumour was low-grade (grade I) chondrosarcoma. A literature review regarding chondrosarcomas of the epiglottis is presented. The diagnosis, histology and treatment of these tumours are discussed. In particular we examine the controversy of conservative surgery vs. total laryngectomy. A conservative surgical approach is typically appropriate in light of this tumour's low-aggressive nature.
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PMID:Chondrosarcoma of the epiglottis: report of a case treated with CO2 laser epiglottectomy. 1551 40

Chondrosarcoma is categorized as a malignant cartilaginous tumor, which occurs rarely in the craniofacial region. We report the case of a 68-year-old man with chondrosarcoma in the subglottic area. His chief symptoms were hoarseness and mild dysphagia. A computed tomography scan revealed a lesion with expansion of the cricoid cartilage and marked reduction of the airway. After biopsy, histological inspection showed that chondrocytes are multi-nucleus, their size does not differ much and mitosis is not obvious. These are all characteristics of a low-grade chondrosarcoma. We performed an organ-preserving operation by debulking the low-grade malignant tumor in order to keep a patent airway. No further metastasis or airway compromise was evident during the 1-year follow-up visit.
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PMID:Subglottic chondrosarcoma presenting only mild acute-onset dyspnea: a case report and review of the literature. 2457 22

Chondrosarcoma is a malignancy of the mesenchymal tissue derived from transformed cells that produce the cartilage matrix. In the neck area, it represents less than 0.5% of malignant tumor pathology. Chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone is extremely rare, only 20 cases having been published so far (PubMed 2014). We present the case of a 30-year-old patient from the urban area, admitted in the ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat) Emergency Service with inspiratory dyspnea, dysphagia, stomatolalia, with evolutive and progressive clinical history of 2-3 months. Endoscopic examination revealed a pharyngolaryngeal tumor process located in the right vallecula, who by mass effect displaces the above-hyoid epiglottis. CT (computerized tomography) scan described a cervical polycystic tumor aspect, with multiple septae and inside calcifications with a diameter of 3-4 mm. Surgery consisted in removal of the tumor process together with the hyoid bone. Histopathological and especially immunohistochemical examination established the diagnosis of low-grade chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone. For assessment of the phenotype of the tumor cells, the following immunohistochemical markers were used: p53, Ki67. The patient followed radiochemotherapic oncological treatment and returned for regular follow-ups. There was a positive development with no signs of regional or remote relapse or metastasis for 24 months after surgical treatment. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with complete removal of the tumor, with chemoradiation playing an adjuvant role. Regular tracking of the patient is mandatory.
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PMID:Chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone: a case report. 2642 77

Chondrosarcoma, a malignant bone tumor, is rarely encountered in the cervical spine. This article describes a patient whose neck pain and dysphagia were caused by an expansive, destructive lesion with calcification that was located in the body of the axis (C2 vertebra), the first time a chondrosarcoma has been reported in this location.
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PMID:Chondrosarcoma in the body of the C2 vertebral axis. 3310 80